• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2024

Copper Filter Dryer(CFD)는 냉동 및 냉방 시스템에서 냉매의 순환 시 불순물을 제거하여 깨끗한 냉매를 유지하는 역할을 하며, CFD의 결함은 냉동 및 냉방 시스템의 누수, 수명 저하 등 제품의 결함으로 이어질 수 있어 품질보증이 필수적이다. 기존에는 품질 검사 단계에서 작업자가 검사하고 결함을 판단하는 방법이 주로 사용되었으나, 이러한 방법은 주관적으로 판단하기 때문에 정확하지 못하다. 본 논문에서는 CFD 축관 및 용접 공정 과정에서 발생하는 결함을 검출하고 기존의 품질 검사를 대체하기 위해 YOLOv7 객체 감지 알고리즘을 사용하여 결함을 검출했고, F1-Score 0.954, 0.895의 검출 성능을 확인하였다. 또한, 결함 이미지의 Timestamp에 해당하는 센서 데이터 분석을 통해 용접 과정 중 발생하는 결함의 원인을 분석하였다. 본 논문은 CFD 공정 중 발생하는 결함을 검출하고 원인을 분석함으로써 제조 품질보증과 개선 방안을 제시한다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1274-1279
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to present the manufacturing defect and damage pattern of a 3 phase 22.9/3.3kV oil immersed transformer, as well as to present an objective basis for the prevention of a similar accident and to secure data for the settlement of PL related disputes. It was found that in order to prevent the occurrence of accidents to transformers, insulating oil analysis, thermal image measurement, and corona discharge diagnosis, etc., were performed by establishing relevant regulation. The result of analysis performed on the external appearance of a transformer to which an accident occurred, the internal insulation resistance and protection system, etc., showed that most of the analysis items were judged to be acceptable. However, it was found that the insulation characteristics between the primary winding and the enclosure, those between the ground and the secondary winding, and those between the primary and secondary windings were inappropriate due to an insulating oil leak caused by damage to the pressure relief valve. From the analysis of the acidity values measured over the past 5 years, it is thought that an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) caused an increase in the temperature inside the transformer and the increase in the ethylene gas increased the possibility of ignition. Even though 17 years have passed since the transformer was installed, it was found that the system's design, manufacture, maintenance and management have been performed well and the insulating paper was in good condition, and that there was no trace of public access or vandalism. However, in the case of transformers to which accidents have occurred, a melted area between the upper and the intermediate bobbins of the W-phase secondary winding as well as between its intermediate and lower bobbins. It can be seen that a V-pattern was formed at the carbonized area of the transformer and that the depth of the carbonization is deeper at the upper side than the lower side. In addition, it was found that physical bending and deformation occurred inside the secondary winding due to non-uniform pressure while performing transformer winding work. Therefore, since it is obvious that the accident occurred due to a manufacturing defect (winding work defect), it is thought that the manufacturer of the transformer is responsible for the accident and that it is lawful for the manufacture to investigate and prove the concrete cause of the accident according to the Product Liability Law (PLL).

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.1201-1206
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• 2013

풍력 발전 블레이드의 제조 및 운영 중에 발생하는 결함들은 블레이드의 수명과 안전성에 큰 영향을 미친다. 일반적으로 블레이드의 제조 과정에서는 박리, 기공, 주름, 모재 균열 등과 같은 결함이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 이미지 상관 기법을 이용하여 변형률 분포를 확인함으로써 블레이드의 제조 과정에서 주로 나타나는 결함 중 하나인 기공 결함의 검출능을 조사하였다. $0^{\circ}/{\pm}45^{\circ}$의 섬유 방향을 가진 4 Ply 로 적층된 GFRP 복합재 시험편에 인공적인 기공 결함을 삽입하여 기공의 크기 및 위치에 따른 검출 의존성을 조사하였다. 기공의 크기는 지름 1, 2, 3 mm 이며, 기공의 위치는 시험편 표면으로부터 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mm 깊이에 삽입하였다. 부하된 시험 하중은 최대 200 MPa 이며, 이미지 상관 기법을 통해 변형률 분포를 획득하여 지름 2, 3 mm의 기공과 깊이 0.5, 1.0 mm의 기공 결함을 검출할 수 있었다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems and the sources of defective products and draw improvement plans in a small plastic boat manufacturing process using TOC (Theory Of Constraints) and statistical analysis. TOC is a methodology to present a scheme for optimization of production process by finding the CCR (Capacity Constraints Resource) in the organization or the all production process through the concentration improvement activity. In this paper, we found and reformed constraints and bottlenecks in plastic boat manufacturing process in the target company for less defect ratio and production cost by applying DBR (Drum, Buffer, Rope) scheduling. And we set the threshold values for the critical process variables using statistical analysis. The result can be summarized as follows. First, CCRs in inventory control, material mix, and oven setting were found and solutions were suggested by applying DBR method. Second, the logical thinking process was utilized to find core conflict factors and draw solutions. Third, to specify the solution plan, experiment data were statistically analyzed. Data were collected from the daily journal addressing the details of 96 products such as temperature, humidity, duration and temperature of heating process, rotation speed, duration time of cooling, and the temperature of removal process. Basic statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted with the defection as the dependent variable. Finally, critical values for major processes were proposed based on the analysis. This paper has a practical importance in contribution to the quality level of the target company through theoretical approach, TOC, and statistical analysis. However, limited number of data might depreciate the significance of the analysis and therefore it will be interesting further research direction to specify the significant manufacturing conditions across different products and processes.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 연료 필터의 생산성 향상을 위하여 IT기반의 갱추리 자동화 장치를 개발한다. 불량 제품의 분석, 수율 개선 및 생산성 향상을 위해 자동화 장치와 연동된 IT 기반의 모니터링 시스템 구축을 구축한다. 3개월간 시료 10,000개 생산시의 불량률 비교 측정한 결과 불량률이 0.65%에서 0.45%로 감소하였다. 또한 공구 모니터링을 통하여 공구 교환 시기의 알림과 로더의 정확한 소재의 수입으로 소재의 불량이 감소하였고, 소재 한 개에 대하여 수입에서 배출까지 공정 시간을 비교한 결과 94.7초에서 78.8초로 감소하여 생산성 증가하였다. 수작업으로 하던 소재의 수입/배출을 자동화로 구축하여 공정시간이 20.2% 감소한다. 또한 작업자 안전과 이송시간 감소는 생산성 향상과 직결된다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.299-310
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• 2019

Increase of combat capability through the lightweighting of vehicles has been internationally issued. One of the methods for lightening is applying high hardness armor(HHA) steel which is outstanding ballistic performance and protection performance compared to weight. Development of HHA steel is currently completed in America, United Kingdom, Australia and Germany. It is used for not only combat vehicle, but also various combat device. Korea is developing new material of HHA steel according to this trend. When such HHA steel is applied to structure, welding process is used for connection of the structure. Cracks from hydrogen embrittlement and cold cracking are easily generated in welds of HHA steel and it greatly affects the strength of all structure. Decrease of strength from welding defect is critical to combat capability. Therefore, welding process optimization is important for performing the role of structure. In this study, international welding technology is reviewed through scientific research paper and patent.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2020

Partial reinforcement of sheet metal parts with CFRP patch is a technology that can realize ultra-lightweight body parts while overcoming the high material cost of carbon fiber. Performing these patchworks with highly productive press equipment solves another issue of CFRP: high process costs. The A-pillar is the main body part and has an undercut shape for fastening with other parts such as roof panels and doors. Therefore, it is difficult to bond CFRP patches to the A-pillar with a general press forming tool. In this paper, a flexible system that applies uniform pressure to complex shapes using ceramic particles and silicone rubber is proposed. By benchmarking various A-pillars, a reference model with an undercut shape was designed, and the system was configured to realize a uniform pressure distribution in the model. The ceramic spherical particles failed to realize the uniform distribution of high pressure due to their high hardness and point contact characteristics, which caused damage to the CFRP patch. Compression equipment made of silicone rubber was able to achieve the required pressure level for curing the epoxy. Non-adhesion defects between the metal and the CFRP patch were confirmed in the area where the bending deformation occurred. This defect could be eliminated by optimizing the process conditions suitable for the newly developed flexible system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2017

본 연구는 훈제 계란의 제조시간 단축과 진의 생성으로 발생하는 불량 훈제 계란을 감소시키기 위한 공정 조건 설정을 위한 목적으로 실시하였다. 진은 공정과정 중에 염지액의 과열 등으로 발생하는 난각의 얼룩으로 훈제 계란의 난각에 진이 발생할 경우 상품으로 사용할 수 없어 불량 처리하고 있다. 본 실험에 사용된 재료인 계란은 부산 오경농장에서 구입하여 대란만을 사용하였다. 제조 공정은 일반적인 훈제 계란 가공업체의 제조 공정을 참고로 작성하였다. 예비 실험을 통하여 훈제 계란의 최적 염도는 1.67~2.00%이었고, 훈제 계란의 진 발생으로 생성되는 불량 계란은 5%로 최적 염도의 조건과 3% 미만의 불량률을 목표로 하였다. 숙성 공정의 $50^{\circ}C$에서 96시간 숙성한 후, 훈제 계란을 가공하였을 때 진 발생은 0%였다. 순환식 침지방식은 8시간 처리하였을 때 제조한 훈제 계란의 염도는 1.67%였으며, 가압 방식은 $2.07kg/cm^2$의 압력으로 4시간 처리하였을 때 제조한 훈제 계란의 염도는 2.00%였다. 최적 효율의 압력을 찾기 위하여 0.52, 1.55, 1.86, 2.07, 2.38, 2.58, $3.62kg/cm^2$으로 처리하였을 때 $2.07kg/cm^2$의 압력 처리가 최적의 훈제 계란 염도와 2.2%의 진 발생률을 보였다. 숙성 및 가압 방식은 훈제 계란 가공 시 제조시간의 단축과 불량률을 감소시켜 줄 수 있는 기초가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2015

A high-speed reduction transfer case is usually employed by an excavator, wheel loader, or bulldozer. When powerful torque is required in the case of climbing steep roads or towing heavy equipment, the high-speed reduction mode of the gearbox is used. Generally, a transfer case using a spur gear type with a speed reduction system has a speed reduction ratio of 1 to 1 or 2 to 1. However, the structure of a transfer case achieved at a high speed of 1 to 1 and a low speed of 4.5 or under 5.5 to 1 with the speed reduction by use of a planetary gear type with a speed reduction system was proposed in this study. By employing a planetary gear type with a speed reduction system, the compact structure of the transfer case was achieved, and the impact or the partial defect of gear teeth was eliminated.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2007

Antifatigue failure technology take an important part of current industries. Currently, the shot peening is used for removing the defect from the surface of steel and improving the fatigue strength on surface. Therefore, this paper the effect of compressive residual stress and corrosion of spring steel(SAE 5155)by shot-peening on fatigue crack growth characteristics in stress ratio(R=0.05)was investigated with considering fracture mechanics. By using the methods mentioned above, We arrived at the following conclusions. The fatigue crack growth rate(da/dN) of the shot-peening material was lower than that of the un-peening material. And in stage I, ${\Delta}Kth$, the threshold stress intensity factor, of the shot-peen processed material is high in critical parts unlike the un-peening material. Also m, fatigue crack growth exponent and number of cycle of the shot-peening material was higher than that of the un-peening material. That is concluded from effect of da/dN. Finally fracture of shot-peening material and un-peening material was identified and discussed in this study.