• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.189-197
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• 2008

In this study, a system to measure continuously the fuel concentration in a steady flow rig on the basis of Rayleigh scattering is presented. The system can be employed to measure both the temporal and the spatial distribution. Also, it is possible to calibrate the system for the measurement of accurate absolute concentration. Firstly, the system was tested at a calibration chamber for the determination of scattering cross section from propane, butane, acetylene, Freon-12 and Genetron 143a. After this, the system was adapted to a steady flow rig to measure the temporal and spatial fuel concentration. The rig is composed of cylinder head, intake manifold, injector, and transparent cylinder which can simulate internal combustion engine. To cope with the interference of Mie scattering, which is main obstacle of the measuring concentration with Rayleigh scattering, a hardware filter was installed for reducing the number density of particles. Furthermore a software filter was developed, which is based on the rise time and the time constant of the photomultiplier-amplifier system. In addition, background noisy was reduced by adjusting the optical array and applying the pin hall and beam trap. The results show that LRS can provide useful information about concentration field and the software filter is very effective method to remove Mie interference.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1380-1393
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• 2010

This paper presents a design, fabrication and the test results of planar active electronically scanned array(AESA) radar prototype for airborne fighter applications using transmit/receive(T/R) module hybrid technology. LIG Nex1 developed a AESA radar prototype to obtain key technologies for airborne fighter's radar. The AESA radar prototype consists of a radiating array, T/R modules, a RF manifold, distributed power supplies, beam controllers, compact receivers with ADC(Analog-to-Digital Converter), a liquid-cooling unit, and an appropriate structure. The AESA antenna has a 590 mm-diameter, active-element area capable of containing 536 T/R modules. Each module is located to provide a triangle grid with $14.7\;mm{\times}19.5\;mm$ spacing among T/R modules. The array dissipates 1,554 watts, with a DC input of 2,310 watts when operated at the maximum transmit duty factor. The AESA radar prototype was tested on near-field chamber and the results become equal in expected beam pattern, providing the accurate and flexible control of antenna beam steering and beam shaping.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.9-14
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• 2020

This paper is a purpose to study the failure examples for a large bus vehicle fire. The first example, the researcher certified the fact that the absorbing material break away from the upper side of engine room because of weaken durability and the fire was produced in engine. The second example, it sought the fact that the fire breaks out by electric short because of over-load of compressor. The third example, it found the fact that the fire took place by heating of bellows upper part that was connected with muffler and exhaust manifold. The fourth example, it knew the fact that the fire occurred because of the electric short inside junction box of crash body part that was located to driver seat rightside. Therefore, the fire of a large bus occurring by decrepit of absorbing material and electric short have to thoroughgoingly manage the damage and dangerousness if it happens.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2012

Manifold researches for carbon capture and storage (CCS) have been developed and large scale-carbon capture system can be performed recently. Hence, the technologies for $CO_2$ sequestration or storage become necessary to handle the captured $CO_2$. Among them, enhanced oil recovery using $CO_2$ can be a solution since it guarantees both oil recovery and $CO_2$ sequestration. In this study, the miscible flow of oil and $CO_2$ in porous media is modeled to analyze the effect of enhanced oil recovery and $CO_2$ sequestration. Based on Darcy-Muskat law, the equation is modified to consider miscibility of oil and $CO_2$ and the change of viscosity. Finite volume method is used for numerical modeling. As results, the pressure and oil saturation changes with time can be predicted when oil, water, and $CO_2$ are injected, respectively, and $CO_2$ injection is more efficient than water injection for oil recovery.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2015

This study is an 1-D numerical study prior to modification of diesel engine for power plants to natural gas/diesel dual fuel engine using GT-Power with 1.5MW diesel engine for power generation. Natural gas injector was installed to intake manifold for dual fuel engine model. Effects on engine performance and characteristics were investigated when dual fuel is used in unmodified diesel engine. The analysis was done under 5 conditions from 0% to 40% of mixing rate on 720RPM engine speed. As a result of research, the engine performance was decreased as increasing ratio of natural gas. Engine brake power was decreased by 18.4% under 40% mixing rate condition. To clarify the reason, effects of injection timing and period were evaluated with DOE method. Considering this result, optimization was done for these parameters. Also, comparison between performances of dual fueled engine and diesel engine was made after optimizing the timing of injection by DOE method. As a result, engine brake power was decreased by 8.55% under mixing rate 40% condition showing 12.5% improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.47-51
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• 2014

This paper is to analyze and study the fire examples in respect of intake and exhaust, alternator tuning and inflow of inflammables on exhaust part in a car. In the first example, the driver diverted the intake and exhaust system for tuning of a car. Stopping a car to rest for moment, the flammable styrofoam scrap go into exhaust pipe that installed with exhaust manifold newly. It certified the fact that catched fire gradually, furthermore enlarged the fire by leaking fuel. In the second example, the driver enlarged the generator performance to divert the audio system in side room., it knew the fact that the electric wiring connected with generator gave the cause of outbreak a fire by overheating. In the third example, the serviceman replaced the engine oil using funnel-shaped, he put the a bottle of plastic pat onto engine cover carelessly. Consequentially, it found the fire occurrence in the engine room. Therefore, the driver never divert the intake and exhaust and generator construction of a car abnormally. Also, repairing and inspecting a car, the serviceman have a care to not occur the fire by inflammables.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.273-273
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• 2013

Recently, Point-of-care (POC) testing microdevices enable to do the patient monitoring, drug screening, pathogen detection in the outside of hospital. Immunochromatographic strip (ICS) is one of the diagnostic technologies which are widely applied to POC detection. Relatively low cost, simplicity to use, easy interpretations of the diagnostic results and high stability under any circumstances are representative advantages of POC diagnosis. It would provide colorimetric results more conveniently, if the genetic analysis microsystem incorporates the ICS as a detector part. In this work, we develop a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) microfluidic device integrated with a ROSGENE strip for colorimetric influenza H1N1 virus detection. The integrated RT-PCR- ROSGENE device is consist of four functional units which are a pneumatic micropump for sample loading, 2 ${\mu}L$ volume RT-PCR chamber for target gene amplification, a resistance temperature detector (RTD) electrode for temperature control, and a ROSGENE strip for target gene detection. The device was fabricated by combining four layers: First wafer is for RTD microfabrication, the second wafer is for PCR chamber at the bottom and micropump channel on the top, the third is the monolithic PDMS, and the fourth is the manifold for micropump operation. The RT-PCR was performed with subtype specific forward and reverse primers which were labeled with Texas-red, serving as a fluorescent hapten. A biotin-dUTP was used to insert biotin moieties in the PCR amplicons, during the RT-PCR. The RT-PCR amplicons were loaded in the sample application area, and they were conjugated with Au NP-labeled hapten-antibody. The test band embedded with streptavidins captures the biotin labeled amplicons and we can see violet colorimetric signals if the target gene was amplified with the control line. The off-chip RT-PCR amplicons of the influenza H1N1 virus were analyzed with a ROSGENE strip in comparison with an agarose gel electrophoresis. The intensities of test line was proportional to the template quantity and the detection sensitivity of the strip was better than that of the agarose gel. The test band of the ROSGENE strip could be observed with only 10 copies of a RNA template by the naked eyes. For the on-chip RT-PCR-ROSGENE experiments, a RT-PCR cocktail was injected into the chamber from the inlet reservoir to the waste outlet by the micro-pump actuation. After filling without bubbles inside the chamber, a RT-PCR thermal cycling was executed for 2 hours with all the microvalves closed to isolate the PCR chamber. After thermal cycling, the RT-PCR product was delivered to the attached ROSGENE strip through the outlet reservoir. After dropping 40 ${\mu}L$ of an eluant buffer at the end of the strip, the violet test line was detected as a H1N1 virus indicator, while the negative experiment only revealed a control line and while the positive experiment a control and a test line was appeared.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.92-98
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• 2010

Ferritic stainless steels, which have relatively small thermal expansion coefficient and excellent corrosion resistance, are increasingly being used in vehicle manufacturing, in order to increase the lifetime of exhaust manifold parts. But, there are limits on use because of the problem related to cosmetic resistance, corrosions of condensation and high temperature salt etc. So, Aluminum-coated stainless steel instead of ferritic stainless steel are utilized in these parts due to the improved properties. In this investigation, Al-8wt% Si alloy coated 409L ferritic stainless steel was used as the base metal during Gas Tungsten Arc(GTA) welding. The effects of coated layer on the microstructure and hardness were investigated. Full penetration was obtained, when the welding current was higher than 90A and the welding speed was lower than 0.52m/min. Grain size was the largest in fusion zone and decreased from near HAZ to base metal. As welding speed increased, grain size of fusion zone decreased, and there was no big change in HAZ. Hardness had a peak value in the fusion zone and decreased from the bond line to the base metal. The highest hardness in the fusion zone resulted from the fine re-precipitation of the coarse TiN and Ti(C, N) existed in the base metal during melting and solidification process and the presence of fine $Al_2O_3$ and $SiO_2$ formed by the migration of the elements, Al and Si, from the melted coating layer into the fusion zone.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.121
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• pp.93-121
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• 2018

Deleuze and Guattari criticise in Anti-Oedipus theory of desire of Freud and Lacan as the idealist conception of desire as lack(fantasy) and try to search for a possibility of materialistic theory of desire. They criticise that Freud and Lacan trap the desire into the model of oedipal model and cut the flux of Libido of desire. This paper looks out for the different reason for the interpretation between psychoanalysis and schizoanalysis about the desire into the difference of interpretation about the 'repression' and 'the unconscious'. From this first of all, it examines the aspect of repression in Freud and Lacan, and it searchs for the meaning of distinction between 'psychic repression' and 'social repression' according to the interpretation in Deleuze and Guattari. Secondly, Freud and Lacan understand the unconscious as the region drived out by the defense mechanism of the mind activity, or the dimension of the unconscious structured like language. On the contrary, Deleuze and Guattari approach entirely differently interpretation about the unconscious. This paper analyzesespecially the unconscious of orphan, the unconscious productive and the unconscious molecular in the midst of manifold and new interpretation about the unconscious. In conclusion, it shows that the problem of desire and inhibition completely differently can be considered according to the new interpretation about the unconscious. It tries to serarch for the practical adaptability of schizoanalysis in Deleuze and Guattari on the real society.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.733-735
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• 2014

Example based Super Resolution(SR) is using the correspondence between the low and high resolution image from a database. This method uses only one image to estimate a high resolution image and can get the larger image than 2 times. Example based SR is proposed to solve the problem of classical SR. Neighbor embedding(NE) has been inspired by manifold learning method, particularly locally linear embedding. However, the poor generalization of NE decreases the performance of such algorithm. The sizes of local training sets are always too small to improve the performance of NE. We propose the advanced NE baesd on SVR having an excellent generalization ability to solve this problem. Given a low resolution image, we estimate a pixel in its high resolution version by using SVR based NE. Through experimental results, we quantitatively and qualitatively confirm the improved results of the proposed algorithm when comparing with conventional interpolation methods and NE.