• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.40-50
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• 2023

Blockchain is a technology designed to prevent tampering with digital documents or information, safeguarding transaction data and managing it in a structured manner. This proves beneficial in addressing issues of trust and data protection in B2B, B2C, and C2B transactions. Blockchain finds utility not only in financial transactions but also across diverse industrial sectors. This study outlines significant cases and responses that jeopardize the security of blockchain networks and cryptocurrency technology. Additionally, it analyzes safety and risk factors related to blockchain and proposes effective testing methods to preemptively counter these challenges. Furthermore, this study presents key security evaluation metrics for blockchain to ensure a balanced assessment. Additionally, it provides evaluation methods and various test case models for validating the security of blockchain and cryptocurrency transaction services, making them easily applicable to the testing process.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.87-89
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• 2019

Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a reactive hypermelanosis of the skin that occurs as a result of various inflammatory responses such as surgical procedure, trauma, and many inflammatory conditions. There are several reported studies of various modality in managing PIH. However, the treatment of PIH can prove to be challenging. In this report, we treated a patient with PIH using picosecond-domain Nd:YAG lasers. After ten sessions of 1,064-nm picosecond-domain Nd:YAG laser treatment, the patient presented considerable improvement with no remarkable side effects or recurrence over the duration of 6 months. We suggest that a 1,064-nm picosecond-domain Nd:YAG laser can be effectively and safely used for treating pigmented lesions resulting from surgical procedure in the skin of Asian patients.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2024

In the uncertainty fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic, mergers and acquisitions (M&As) have emerged as key strategic responses by firms. This study explores the impact of M&As on acquirers' firm value, utilizing a firm-level panel dataset from SDC Platinum. Empirical evidence recognizes the potential negative impact of transaction value in M&As and the pandemic's effect on market uncertainty that may occasionally exacerbate the adverse influence on acquirers' firm value. The findings indicate that effective marketing strategies, such as enhancing consumer awareness through increasing advertising expenditures, can counterbalance these influences, particularly during uncertain times. This study accentuates the importance of adaptability and a responsive marketing approach in managing M&As during a global crisis. It provides valuable perspectives on consumer awareness in strategic decision-making, offering insights for both academic and business communities and focusing on actionable strategies for navigating the global market turmoil transformed by COVID-19.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2024

The goal of this paper is to show how multivariate regression analysis with high-dimensional responses is facilitated by the response dimension reduction. Multivariate regression, characterized by multi-dimensional response variables, is increasingly prevalent across diverse fields such as repeated measures, longitudinal studies, and functional data analysis. One of the key challenges in analyzing such data is managing the response dimensions, which can complicate the analysis due to an exponential increase in the number of parameters. Although response dimension reduction methods are developed, there is no practically useful illustration for various types of data such as so-called large p-small n data. This paper aims to fill this gap by showcasing how response dimension reduction can enhance the analysis of high-dimensional response data, thereby providing significant assistance to statistical practitioners and contributing to advancements in multiple scientific domains.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.113-116
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• 2012

Various kinds of positive effects of green tea extracts had been studied for long time which included anti-inflammation, anti-aging, and cardiometabolic effects. Although topical steroid and non-steroidal calcineurin inhibitors may control clinical symptoms of allergic contact dermatitis, some of patients also present allergic reaction to these topical agents. Therefore, we have tried green tea extracts for managing this skin disorder with expectation of anti-inflammatory effect without potential side effects including skin irritation and toxic responses. The toxicity test of green tea extract also did not show any sign of irritation in the skin throughout the test period. Moderate severity of allergic contact dermatitis presented satisfactory clinical outcome at second week follow-up which was final visit of outpatient. This result mean that green tea extract has a positive effect for managing allergic contact dermatitis but its potency and efficacy seem to be so not strong enough to control moderate severity allergy skin lesion. In this pilot study, we were able to conclude that green tea cell extracts might be applied for potential anti-inflammatory soaking without skin toxicity.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.79-97
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 PTSD 증상완화를 위한 새터민의 음악사용 실태를 파악하고 이와 관련된 특성을 탐구하는 것이다. 연구자는 수도권에 거주하는 80명의 새터민을 대상으로 외상경험, PTSD 증상, 증상 관련 음악활용에 대한 설문을 하였고 총 78부를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 설문에 참여한 모든 새터민이 외상사건에 직 간접적으로 노출된 경험이 있으며 이 중 32%가 하나 이상의 PTSD 관련 증상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 대다수의 참여자는 일상 뿐 아니라 PTSD 증상완화를 위한 음악활용의 필요성에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하고 있는데 38%만이 일상 속에서 활용하는 반면, 75%는 PTSD 증상완화를 위해 음악을 사용하고 있음을 보고하였다. 새터민들은 감상 위주로 음악을 접하지만 노래 부르기도 활용하였으며 음악활용의 목적으로 정서 안정과 환기를 가장 중요하게 평가했다. 보편적으로 남 북한 노래들을 모두 언급하였고 다양한 선곡의 이유와 고려사항들을 제시하였는데 이는 앞으로 새터민을 위한 음악의 치료적 활용에 있어 중요한 기초자료로써 의의가 있다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.209-231
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to compare differences between essential tasks and delegable tasks among public kindergarten dietitians. A survey study was conducted through a self-administered online method from November 18 to December 28, 2019. The survey consisted of essential tasks and delegable tasks, including 6 Duties, 25 Tasks, and 94 Task Elements. The survey was distributed to a sample of 500 kindergartens in Korea, after excluding incomplete surveys and outliers, and a total of 224 responses were used for the analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to compare essential tasks and delegable tasks. The results show that 'Duty A. Nutrition Management', 'Duty B. Foodservice Management Practices', 'Duty C. Hygiene management of kindergarten foodservice', 'Duty D. Nutrition-Diet Education and counseling', and 'Duty F. Professionalism Enhancement' were recognized as essential tasks to be performed by kindergarten dietitians. All 16 tasks elements (100.0%) in 'Duty E. Managing snacks during semesters, and lunch/snack during breaks' were identified as delegable tasks. In conclusion, most tasks were recognized as essential tasks to be performed by kindergarten dietitians. On the other hand, 'Duty E. Managing Snacks during semesters, and lunch/snack during breaks' was considered a delegable task by public-attached kindergarten dietitians. It is recommended that public-attached kindergartens should consider additional workforce related to 'Duty E'. This study is expected to offer basic data on laws and regulations about the duties of kindergarten dietitians.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.99-110
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the experience and meaning of falls among care workers caring for the elderly. Methods: The participants comprised 10 care workers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The data collection period was from September to November 2020, and the data were obtained through individual in-depth interviews. The collected data were analyzed using the content analysis method of qualitative research. The main interview questions were as follows: First, in the event of a fall, "can you tell us about your experience and how you dealt with the fall?; second, "can you tell us about your role and the role of family members or the center that manages falls that occur outside of nursing visits.", third, "can you tell us about the difficulties in managing falls based on your experience?", and fourth, "how are falls that occur during nursing visits managed?" Results: As a result of analyzing the experiences of nursing care workers of falls while caring for elders in their homes, five main themes were derived. These were understanding the characteristics of the elderly at home, understanding possible emergency situations, providing caring services, minimizing physical harm, and delivering clear information. Conclusion: A significant finding of this study was that care workers who visit and provide care to elders at home confirmed the need for standard guidelines on appropriate responses in the event of a fall at home and the importance of managing emergencies arising from falls among elders at home. These results highlight the need for the development of emergency response education programs, such as programs on fall care among nurses and care workers who provide care to the elderly, and for enhanced understanding of the fall risk of elders who live at home.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2009

Korean mistletoe lectin (KML) is the major component found in Viscum album var. (coloratum), displaying anti-cancer and immunostimulating activities. Even though it has been shown to boost host immune defense mechanisms, the regulatory roles of KML on the functional activation of macrophages have not been fully elucidated. In this study, regulatory mechanism of KML on macrophage-mediated immune responses was examined in terms of KML-mediated signaling event. KML clearly induced mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phagocytic uptake in RAW264.7 cells. All of these events were strongly suppressed by U0126, whereas TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA was not diminished by SB203580 and SP600125, indicating ERK as a central enzyme managing KML-induced up-regulation of macrophage functions. Indeed, KML strongly induced the phosphorylation of ERK in a time-dependent manner without altering its total level. Therefore, these data suggest that ERK may be a major signaling enzyme with regulatory property toward various KML-mediated macrophage responses.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.263-275
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• 2022

Purpose: The present international survey among healthcare providers aimed to collect data on theoretical knowledge and clinical practices in the diagnosis and management of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and lactose intolerance (LI) in infants. Methods: A global survey was conducted in several countries with diverse health care settings. The survey consisted of multiple-choice questions in 3 main domains: (1) understanding and clinical practices around CMPA and LI; (2) case scenarios; and (3) disease-specific knowledge and potential educational needs. Results: Responses were available from 1,663 participants. About 62% of respondents were general practitioners or general pediatricians, and the remainder were pediatric allergists/gastroenterologists (18%) or other health practitioners (20%). The survey identified knowledge gaps regarding the types of CMPA (IgE-mediated vs. non-IgE-mediated) and the clinical overlap with LI. The survey suggested diverse clinical practices regarding the use of hypoallergenic formulas, as well as misconceptions about the prebiotic benefits of lactose in extensively hydrolyzed formulas in non-breastfed infants with CMPA. Responses to the two case scenarios highlighted varying levels of awareness of the relevant clinical practice guidelines. While respondents generally felt confident in managing infants with CMPA and LI, about 80% expressed an interest for further training in this area. Conclusion: The current survey identified some knowledge gaps and regional differences in the management of infants with CMPA or LI. Local educational activities among general and pediatric healthcare providers may increase the awareness of clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of both conditions and help improve clinical outcomes.