• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-77
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• 2008

The $21^{st}$ century is a new century of environmental protection. Environmental protection is one of the most important subject matters yet to come. Moreover, as the public pays more attention to environmental problems, enterprises should increase their investment in environmental management. Therefore, determining the investment level for environmental management and allocating the investment to associated environmental management activities has become a major task. The principal and agent theory and sales response functions are used for analysis in this research. The allocation of capital investment in environmental management is found to have significant impact on the aggregate sales response, aggregate profit and investment level. Therefore, in preparing the budget for environmental management, enterprises should focus on investment allocation decisions, determine the investment level and allocation method using integrated means, and apply submarket data in the allocation decision-making process. In other words, in setting the investment level, executive management should take managers' willingness into consideration. In allocating capital investment, managers should identify the optimal allocation method based on submarket characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.99-116
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to find the influence of wife's home management behavior pattern and husband's perception about it on family life satisfaction, and to find out variables which influence them. For theses reviewing literature and empirical research were conducted. The major results were as follows; 1) The couple's psychological variables (ie, degree of life level recognition, of resourcefulness recognition and of communication) were relatively high. The wife's home management behavior pattern was relatively morphogenesis and the husband's perception about wive's it was relatively morphogenesis. And the couple's degree of family life satisfaction were relatively high. 2) Influential variables on wife's home management behavior pattern were level of education, degree of resourcefulness recognition and of communication. And influential variables on husband's perception about vive's it was degree of communication. 3) Influential variables on wive's the degree of family life satisfaction were degree of life level recognition, of resourcefulness recognition and of communication. And influential variables on husband's it were level of education, job, degree of life level recognition, of resourcefulness recognition and of communication. 4) The wife's home management behavior pattern and husband's perception about wive's it were to predict the couple's degree of family life satisfaction. 5) In cause-effect pathway mode. level of education·job·degree of life level recognition·of resourcefulness recognition and of communication showed direct and indirect effect on family life satisfaction through wife's home management behavior pattern or husband's perception about wive's it.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.180-188
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to identify nursing diagnosis-outcome-intervention (NANDA- NOC-NIC: NNN) linkages applied to inpatients in general surgical nursing units. Methods: We developed the NNN linkage computerized nursing process program, which consisted of the 107 nursing outcomes and the 190 nursing interventions linked to the 39 nursing diagnoses. This program was applied to 324 patients who admitted to those nursing units from July, 2004 to February, 2005. Results: First, nursing outcomes of each nursing diagnosis were identified as follows: for 'acute pain', pain control, pain level, and comfort level; for 'risk for infection', wound healing: primary intention, wound healing: secondary intention, and infection status; for 'nausea', nutritional status: food & fluid intake, comfort level, symptom severity and hydration. Second, major nursing interventions for each nursing outcome were analyzed as follows: for pain control or comfort level, pain management and medication management; for pain level, pain management and analgesic administration; for wound healing: primary intention, incision site care and wound care; for Wound healing: secondary intention or infection status, infection control; for nutritional status: food & fluid intake, fluid monitoring; for comfort level, nausea management; for symptom severity, nausea management and vomiting management; for hydration, fluid/electrolyte management. Conclusion: This identified NNN linkages will facilitate the use of nursing process in surgical nursing practice and documentation systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.691-701
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of health literacy (HL) and self-management adherence and to investigate the relationship between HL and self-management adherence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The participants of this study were 165 patients with COPD from a tertiary general hospital located in G city from February 10th to May 10th, 2021. The general HL was measured by the Korean health literacy assessment tool (KHLAT), COPD specific HL was measured by COPD-related HL tool, and COPD self-management adherence was measured by the COPD self-management tool. Results: The mean score of general HL was 60.45±9.42. The mean score of the COPD-related HL was 47.03±8.82. The mean score of the COPD self-management adherence was 87.58±14.47. There were significant differences in the level of COPD-related HL according to age (t=2.43, p=.016), and in the level of general HL (F=10.96, p<.001) and the level of COPD-related HL according to the level of education (F=19.14, p<.001). There were significant correlations between the level of general HL and the level of COPD-related HL (r=.75, p<.001) and the level of COPD-related HL and the level of self-management adherence (r=.219, p=.005). Conclusion: The HL of COPD patients was at the level of mild school 1-2 years in this study. Therefore, nurses who care for COPD patients should understand patients' level of HL and communicate self-management skills with patients at a level appropriate for patients' HL. In addition, it is necessary to develop strategies to easily learn COPD-related information when providing self management skills or training.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2009

This study investigated the management importance and performance level of foodservice managers at senior centers. Using the survey, perceived importance and performance levels of seven foodservice management areas were evaluated and analyzed. Data showed the foodservice facilities were being managed by dietitians (61.6%) or non-dietitians (38.9%). The result indicated that overall importance level (3.43) was higher than performance level (3.02) (p<.01). As of the IPA result, dietitians and non-dietitians had different perspectives in terms of managing the eight categories of foodservice areas. The differences in the IPA results between the two groups may reflect bias attributable to the respondents' degrees of knowledge and professional preparation. The research findings could enhance our understanding of importance of hiring professional dietitians to operate foodservice at senior centers and find out which management area should be concentrated for more effective foodservice management.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, $CO_2$ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based $CO_2$ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target $CO_2$ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based $CO_2$ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.11 s.213
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• pp.211-224
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were firstly to reveal the sub-dimensions of time management behaviors and secondly to group workers by time management behaviors. The major findings of this study were as follows. (1)Factor analysis of the 36 items on the time management behaviors instrument revealed three components: factor planning, relations-intention, and urgency. (2)Workers were categorized into four types by the level of those three factors of time management behaviors: 'accomplishment type'($28.31\%$), 'chronic-urgency type'($24.39\%$), 'valuing-job type'($23.73\%$) and 'valuing-human relations type'($23.57\%$). (3)The accomplishment type gained the highest points on the time management satisfaction score, and the level of important${\cdot}$non-urgencies was the highest score, indicating that the accomplishment type had good time management. However, the level of unimportant${\cdot}$urgencies was the highest score. Therefore, this type should try to reduce the level of unimportant${\cdot}$urgencies.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.61-75
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of quality management system requirements, a management innovation technique, on business performance to secure the competitiveness of SMEs in an environment of increasing uncertainty in the global economy and intensifying competition. To this end, a survey was conducted on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating a quality management system, and statistical analysis was performed through validity and reliability analysis, regression analysis, and group analysis using IBM SPSS 26.0. As a result of the study, it was found that planning, operation, support, and improvement, which are the core requirements of a quality management system, have a positive effect on business performance. In addition, through group analysis, it was found that the effect of quality management system requirements on business performance varies according to the level of the company. This means that the importance of quality management requirements required for strategy establishment varies according to the quality management introduction level of small and medium-sized manufacturers, and it can be used for small and medium-sized manufacturers to set strategic directions.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.262-268
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, CO₂ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based CO₂ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target CO₂ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based CO₂ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.729-746
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• 2014

Purpose: This paper study the effect of the quality management on the performance among the manufacturing companies awarding the Korean National Quality Award(NQA). Methods: The data for 34 manufacturing companies are surveyed by the 7-point Likert scale and empirically tested. Results: Even among the companies awarding NQA for their excellent quality management level there are significant differences in their performance by their quality management levels. In particular, leadership and human resources categories have greater impacts on the performance. Conclusion: Even though the company awarded NQA(KQMA: Korean Quality Management Award) for its excellent quality management level, it is necessary to improve the quality management level continuously. This result supports the necessity of KQGA(Korean Quality Grand Award) which is awarded for the companies which improve quality management levels significantly after awarding KQMA.