• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

This paper studies whether export diversification mitigated the negative effect of the global financial crisis on exports using the Korean case. Specifically, we use annual data on the exports of 24 Korean manufacturing industries from 2000 to 2016 and examine whether the negative effect of the crisis on exports was less prevalent in industries that were more diversified in terms of country and product. We also examine whether export competitiveness, as measured by the revealed comparative advantage index by industry, had a mitigating effect on trade during the crisis. In order to study these issues, we use panel regression with a fixed-effect model for 24 Korean manufacturing industries. From our empirical analysis, we find that country diversification weakened the negative impact of the global financial crisis on Korea's exports, whereas neither product diversification nor export competitiveness did so.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.241-249
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• 2022

The current research attempts to measure the level of the acceptance of the Blackboard System (BBS) during the Corona crisis, and whether this is one of the reasons for the low use of the BBS at Al-Jouf University. To achieve this, the technology accepting model in the time of crisis (TAMTC) has been proposed to measure the degree of acceptance by students, which was then applied to a random sample of 339 of such. The results show a high level of student acceptance, despite their lower use of the system. The research also highlights the importance of upgrading e-courses and that the discontinuation of exam disqualification of students is secondary to their poor course attendance.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.75-116
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• 2021

This study argues that scholars lack an adequate conceptualization of the strategic use of social media framing by Ministries of Foreign Affairs (MFAs) during crises. As a theoretical starting point, this article employs the concept of soft disempowerment to suggest that MFAs may use online framing to limit an adversary's range of possible actions during a crisis by depicting that adversary as violating norms and values deemed desirable by the international community. Next, the article introduces the concept of mutually assured delegitimization (MAD), which suggests that actors may call into question one another's adherence with certain norms and values during crises, which results in the mutual depletion of soft power resources. Importantly, this article proposes a novel, methodological approach for the analysis of individual tweets during crises. To illustrate its methodological and conceptual innovations, the study analyzes tweets published by the MFAs of the United States (US) and Russia during the Crimea crisis and demonstrates that both MFAs used Twitter to negatively frame each other by calling their morals into question, which resulted in MAD.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.163-170
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• 2014

Cyberspace is closely related with one another, transcending the spacetime throughout the world, and is already located in the most important area of our lives. However, if the organizational cyber terror happens like the national paralysis crisis of major information network such as the previous 1.25 the Internet crisis, the possibility of cyber crisis highly damaging our whole society such as the leakage of the national secrecy and advanced technology is increasing. But we haven't set up the institutional procedure systematically performing the national cyber security management affairs yet. So, in case of cyber crisis, this is highly likely to damage the aspects of national and personal level. On this point, this study looks into the examples of legislation related to our cyber security, and suggests the implication on the revision direction of national cyber security management regulations through relative examination about the examples of legislation in major countries.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.207-212
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• 2020

This paper introduces the process in which the Center for Freedom of Information, founded for the public's right to know by disseminating public information, was created . Building archives with scarce resources and capacities has resulted in a number of troubles and frustrations, and the need for reorientation. However, through the contributions of many people empathizing with the unique needs and meanings of citizen-led archives, difficulties were overcome, and archives were built. This paper summarizes the specific difficulties and capabilities required in this process, especially the knowledge and assistance needed in the field of records management. Although much research is necessary, the archives serve as an example of remembering and reconstructing the past when the 1997 Crisis Archives had shaken all the foundations of people's lives, and a tool to guide decision-making.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.336-352
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• 1998

The horticultural seed industry has made great progress in the last fifty years of its history after the independence of this country. The industry has accomplished self-sufficiency in major vegetable seeds and has even gained international competitive edge in certain crop seeds, particularly in hybrid cultivar development. However, the industry is facing a crisis at present coming from excessive competition among the domestic seed companies as well as the foreign currency crisis of the country. Several major seed companies have already been acquired by multinational corporations. Many people in the country as well as agriculturists are concerned about this situation. Although it is true that the industry is undergoing hard times, this crisis can be turned into a chance for making new progress depending on the joint efforts of the groups responsible, i.e., private companies, public institutions, and policy makers. Therefore, we have to turn this crisis into an opportunity for self-reform and progress. We should not be discouraged or give up. We Propose some ideas for the Progress of the seed industry. Public institutions and policy makers should do such things in cooperation as 1) training human resources for future breeders, 2) securing a wide range of genetic resources and improvement of the management system, 3) basic science research including biotechnology, 4) releasing breeding stocks from germplasm enhancement through use of exotic accessions, 5) support for breeding region- or use-specific cultivars, and 6) collection of foreign agricultural information for breeding cultivars for overseas markets. Eventually the responsible group for the final development of commercial cultivars, production, sales and management is private companies. Therefore, private companies also should have to do their best to develop competitive cultivars with a missionary spirit and endeavor for both domestic and overseas markets in cooperation with public institutions. Management based on competition, professionalism and rationalism is also urged. We are going to conclude with optimism that we can make a new vault of progress once the private and public sectors closely cooperate for the development of Korean horticultural seed industry by overcoming this crisis.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.294-307
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• 2020

The global automotive industry has suffered various crises such as products defects and unethical company management. In order to examine the effectiveness of crisis communication strategy of an automotive company with Chinese consumers who occupy the largest proportion in the global market, this research analyzed the influences of crisis responsibility, crisis types, and crisis communication strategy on attitudes to a company, intentions of negative communication, and intentions to participate in a boycott. A 2(crisis responsibility: high/low) × 2(crisis types: corporate ability/corporate crisis responsibility) × 2(strategy: defensive/accommodative) experimental design was conducted with 1,600 Chinese students in Seoul. High crisis responsibility and corporate social responsibility crises were related to unfavorable attitudes to a company, higher intentions of negative communication, and higher intentions to participate in a boycott. Crisis responsibility and communication strategy showed a significant interaction. When crisis responsibility was high, the accommodative strategy was more effective than the defensive strategy. When crisis responsibility was low, there was no difference between the strategies. Corporate social responsibility crises found no difference between the strategies regardless of the crisis responsibility level. In the case of corporate ability crises, the accommodative strategy was more effective for the high crisis responsibility crisis.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-118
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to clarify the definition of middle age, to compare the different perspectives about mid-life crisis, and to identify the variables that cause the mid-life crisis of men and women.. For this purpose reviewing literatures and emprical research were conducted. For the emprical research, Mid-life Crisis Scale, Mid-life Indentity Scale, Family Relation Scale. Health Scale and Religious Scale were developed. The Sample was selected form the men and women living in Seoul, whose age is from 40 to 59 , and whose last child is older than 13 years of age. Among 820 respondents 218 men and 442 women were finally selected as datum sources. The data were analyzed by the statistical method such as the factor analysis frequency distribution, percentile, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and regression analysis. The main results were as follows; 1) Men and women experience mid-life crisis some extent. The mid-life crisis score for men is 33.60 and 35.0 for women. This implies women reveal significantly higher crisis than men. As for women's mid-life crisis. self-awaring age, education, income, husband's occupation, employment status of wife and occupational status of wife have a significant influence Expecially employment status of wife seemed to interact with sex, husband's occupation and educational level of wife. however status of child, family pattern, son's existence are not as important an influence on mid-life crisis. 3) Among the psychological variables, work identity and physical identity have the strong influence on the mid-life crisis of men and women, It implies that mid-life crisis si lower when one has higher work identity and physical identity. 4) Mid -life crisis of men and women is influenced significantly according to family relation variables and health variables. It reveals that the better one's family relations and health sate, the lower one's mid-life crisis is. However menopause and the years after menopause do not influence on the mid-life crisis of women. 5) Mid-life crisis of women differs significantly according to the kind of religion and religious activity. That is mid-life crisis of women is lower when she believes in Protestantism and Catholicism and participate in more religious activity. Mid-life crisis of men is not significantly influenced by religious variables. After all among the five categories of variables that related to mid-life crisis, psychological variables-especially work identity and physical identity are observed to have the strongest degree of significance.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.619-631
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to understand the levels of crisis and quality of life and the relationship between them. Data was collected from questionnaires completed by 384 middle-aged women between 40 and 59 years old. The sense of crisis was measured by a scale which was developed by Kim(1988) and modified by Oh(1999). The quality of life was measured by the scale which was developed by Noh(1988). The data was analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program and included: descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and stepwise regression. The results of this study were as follows: 1) In the sense of crisis scale, 'experiencing emptiness and powerlessness through my friends is the highest item($3.56{\pm}1.06$). 'Meaninglessness in daily living' factor's score is $3.16{\pm}0.76$ and another factor, 'concept of my life thus far' score is $2.89{\pm}0.74$. Then the former is higher than the latter. 2) In the quality of life, 'eat well now' is the highest item($3.60{\pm}0.93$). 'self-esteem' is the highest factor($3.37{\pm}0.62$) and 'emotional state' is the lowest factor($2.89{\pm}0.31$). 3) According to the correlation between factors of crisis and quality of life, there was a significant negative correlation between two factors of crisis and five factors of quality of life except emotional state. 4) According to linear regression, two factors of the sense of crisis showed the explanatory power of the quality of life with 31.6%. On the basis of above findings, the following is suggested; Crisis is not precipitated by special events and new accidents, but the normal emotional change phenomena process in the human life cycle. As a result, we should develop the nursing programs and education programs about crisis intervention for middle-aged women's health.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.337-345
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• 2015

As the modern society becoms industry acceleration and urbanization, disaster and safetry education becoms important to educate and exercise the people for the disaster response and safety. This study suggests safety management method by simulation training and an attitude survey. The researchers of the study suggest as followers: First must be about strengthening eduation that accords to responsibility and part. The second need about manual build and simulation training for expansion disaster and crisis management. The last must be consideration to reconstitute of organization which of be not up to the disaster and crisis management.