• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

Background: After stroke, in order to improve gait function, it is necessary to increase the muscle strength and to enhance the propriocetive function of the lower extremity. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of open kinetic chain (OKC) versus closed kinetic chain (CKC) isokinetic exercise of the hemiparetic knee using the isokinetic equipment on lower extremity sensorimotor function and gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Thirty participants with chronic hemiplegia (> 6 months post-stroke) were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: CKC group and OKC group. Patients from both groups attended conventional physiotherapy sessions 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Additionally, subjects from the CKC group performed isokinetic exercise using the CKC attachment, while those from the OKC group performed isokinetic exercise using the OKC attachment. The isokinetic knee and ankle muscles strength, position sense of the knee joint, and spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured before and after interventions. Results: The knee muscles peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) and hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio significantly increased in both groups (p<.01). In particular, ankle plantarflexors PT/BW, position sense of the knee, gait velocity, and spatial gait symmetry significantly improved in the CKC group (p<.01, p<.05, p<.01, and p<.01, respectively). Conclusion: CKC isokinetic exercise can be an effective therapeutic intervention for the improvement of sensorimotor function of the lower extremity and gait functions, such as gait velocity and symmetry. CKC position in isokinetic strength training is effective to improve functional ability in patients with chronic stroke.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.79-88
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• 2015

Creative economy has been characterized by ideas popularized commercialization. The commercialization of the idea is to develop a creative economy virtuous circle tool, entrepreneurship and start-ups for this serves as a key driver of the creative economy. Convergence, complex thinking and creative planning ability is always a lot from the 20s came a young man. So young age of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education, and is easily capable of founding a new culture is created by the right products and services they lead the more outstanding talent in the way of entrepreneurship creates even young and energetic national economy. Such a wide range of system implementation and curriculum development to complete the creative economy with ecology is also a very critical situation. The development of a systematic entrepreneurship curriculum that promote creative thinking and planning ability for creative convergence of economic times is a top priority. The present study considered that the early stages of convergence entrepreneurship program presents a convergence process of entrepreneurship education through a process-oriented research based on statistics.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1240-1245
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• 2008

Kimbab is the most popular ready-to-eat (RTE) food in Korea. A rapid detection method based on multiplex PCR technique was developed for detection of major food-borne pathogens like Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytongenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. Specific bands were obtained as 108 bp (Sau, S. aureus), 284 bp (Sal, S. enterica, S. enteritids, and S. typhmurium), 404 bp (Lmo, L. monocytogenes), 475 bp (Bce, B. cereus), and 600 bp (Shi, S. flexineri and S. sonnei). Visible cell numbers varied from 4.14-5.03, 3.61-4.47, and 4.10-5.11 log CFU/g in randomly collected June, July, and August samples, respectively. Among the 30 kimbab samples obtained 83.3% samples were contaminated and 16.7% samples were free from contamination. The highest rate of contamination was with S. aureus (56.7%) followed by B. cereus (43.3%), Salmonella spp. (36.7%), Shigella spp. (13.3%), and L. monocytogenes (6.7%). The identification of the pathogenic species could be faster using one polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the ability to test for food-borne pathogenic species in kimbab will save time and increase the ability to assure its quality.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2003

The Chunma requires a simple pre-treatment, due to the inconveniences of preservation, toxicities, and pungencies in intact state. Various steaming conditions were examined to establish the anti-oxidative characteristics of Chunma using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Total phenolics and electron-donating ability were optimal at 94.43 and $101.67^{\circ}C$ for 42.38 and 41.09 min, respectively. Anti-oxidative (Al) and nitrite-scavenging ability were optimal at $100^{\circ}C$ for 40 min. Optimal steaming conditions were determined as 96{\sim}107{\circ}C$ for $28{\sim}46min$ min, almost identical to the predicted conditions of $100^{\circ}C$, 40 min determined using the superimposed contour map. Anti-oxidative activities (AI) under the optimal conditions were $95.9%{\sim}115.6%$ of those determined under predicted conditions, an indication of the high reliability of the calculated values.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2024

This study examined the quality characteristics of 10 different lines of native peppers collected from organic farms in Chungbuk province. The study found a strong correlation between the redness (a*) and ASTA values, which both contribute to the perceived quality of peppers. The highest values were observed in the Iyugsa line. The content of capsaicinoid and beta-carotene also showed a positive correlation, with Chilsungcho having the highest statistically significant value. While the total polyphenol content did not correlate with the other indicators, Chilsungcho again had the highest levels. The Yuwolcho line exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging ability, while the Eumseongcho line showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging ability. Taking into account the overall bioactivity quality, Chilsungcho had the highest values in terms of total polyphenol, beta-carotene, capsaicinoid, and redness. It also had the second highest total flavonoid content, ABTS, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, all statistically significant. Therefore, Chilsungcho can be considered an excellent choice when considering physiological activity. Furthermore, this study provides valuable information about the unique characteristics of these 10 native pepper lines, which can assist in selecting the appropriate pepper for food manufacturing and serve as a helpful resource for future research.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.8
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• pp.65-83
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• 2004

In modern society, the enterprises or the public organization have devised consistent means and methods with keen competition in high intelligence, high specialization and high competition for surviving in the struggle for existence. In the rapidly changing modern society like that, guard services are not free any more in the simple business. It will be survived only with consistent self-development and various abilities. Recently, it is on a trend that the enterprise including venture business requires the man of ability having many-sided thought, knowledge and capacity. That is, the era of a man with multi-function has come. The guards engaged in their present posts have to make efforts self-development consistently. And they have to work for self-development with theoretical knowledge acquirement about the expert knowledge escaping from simple function and business. The constitution including universities that train the guard should not adjust to the demand of quantitative manpower required in the enterprise organization with the training of the guard with simple functions only. It needs settlement as a curriculum with technology like ideology and knowledge breaking from short curriculum centered on function only in order to come to stay the recognition about guard services as expert services that the industrial society requires. The education centered on simple function should be replaced in the use of a high school, private academy and special guard institution. In addition, it requires a quality as the auxiliary, division, decision-making and spokesman according to the business role. Also, it requires the martial arts capacity, the communicative capacity, the sports or reports capacity, the guard driving capacity, the policy and assistant capacity and the information and analysis capacity, etc in individual. Lastly, it need each guard's change of cognition most of all. As part of the guard's adaptive plan according to the social change, it was enumerated like the mentioned above. It is important for the guard to prepare for the change of era and to build up quality and capacity before anything else.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1268-1274
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• 2009

Various evaluation systems using simulators have been adopted widely for the purpose of training and examination, including marine engineering education area. This paper suggests a PC based evaluation scoring system for simulators where the operation ability of machineries and background knowledges of trainees or examinees are able to be assessed relatively. The scores are based on the 100 point resulted from their responses for a given evaluation scenario under a PID tuning simulation. The mistakes they make during the operation time are integrated firstly to get error sum, and the error sum is transformed secondly to 100 point score according to a formula where the knowledge level of examinee's groups can be compensated and considered reasonably. The implementation result of evaluation system for the given control loop is described and analyzed to show the effectiveness of the suggested configuration as an evaluation tool.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of rotation direction during curved walking on gait parameters in stroke patients. Methods: A group of thirty subjects with stroke (Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}41$ were fifteen, Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}40$ were fifteen) were enrolled in this study. Testing indications included two directions for rotation in each subject. These indications were for rotation toward the affected and unaffected side in stroke patients. The gait speed, affected side single support duration, affected side double support duration were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed by using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test in the group that are below and above 40 points of Berg Balance Scale score. Results: There was significant increase affected side single support duration was turned the affected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}41$ (p<.05). There were significant increase gait speed, affected side single support duration, and significant decrease affected side double support duration while subjects were turned the affected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}40$ (p<.05). Conclusion: This result may be effective to rotate in the paralyzed direction to improve the ability of the paralyzed lower limb to gain weight during gait training for stroke patients with a Berg Balance Scale score<40. Therefore, walking training program for hemiplegic patient needs to be suggested in the direction of turning for suitable balance ability.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

Sun et al. proposed a new design of wearable token system for security of mobile devices, such as a notebook and PDA. In this paper, we show that Sun et al.'s system is vulnerable to off-line password guessing attack and man in the middle attack based on known plain-text attack. We propose an improved scheme which overcomes the weaknesses of Sun et al.'s system. The proposed protocol requires to perform one modular multiplication in the wearable token, which has low computation ability, and modular exponentiation in the mobile devices, which have sufficient computing resources. Our protocol has no security problem, which threatens Sun's system, and known vulnerabilities. That is, the proposed protocol overcomes the security problems of Sun's system with minimal overheads.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.103-120
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• 2021

This study interprets Siberian shaman costumes from the perspective of Siberian shamanism's spiritual culture by combining theoretical and empirical studies. According to the natural environment and language families, the Siberian people are classified into the Altai, Tungus, Ural, and Paleo-Siberian groups. Se Yin's research classifies the spiritual culture of Siberian shamanism as cosmic, spiritual, and nature view. Eliade's research has divided Siberian shaman costumes into form, headdress, and ornament. According to the present study, shaman costume form and decoration reflect the Siberian three-tiered cosmic view, such that the shaman's head, body and feet correspond to the upperworld, middleworld and underworld. In addition, animism, totemism and ancestral worship appear in the shamanism's spiritual view. For example, the costume's form shows the totem of each tribe, while the costume accessories reflect animal worship, plant worship and ancestral worship. Finally, shamanism's nature view mainly manifests through three processes: personification, deification, and ethics. As an intermediary between man and the spirits, shaman use their clothing to reproduce the image of half man and half spirit. The shaman's costumes are deified and considered to have divine power. For example, the animals represented on the costume help the shaman travel through space. Generally, good animals help a shaman enter the upperworld, while animals that help a shaman enter the underworld are considered evil. Also, the number of hanging accessories represents the shaman's ability.