• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.177-185
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• 2009

This study investigates the differences in mean F0, intensity, jitter and shimmer across hearing aid, gender and vowels. For this study, 20 hearing-impaired adults and 20 normal hearing adults as a control group were asked to read 7 Korean vowels(/$\alpha$, $\Lambda$, o, u, ɯ, i, $\varepsilon$/). Subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. Results showed that the means of F0 were significantly higher in the hearing impaired group(HL) than in the normal hearing group(NH), in the female group than in male group, and in high vowels than in low vowels. Second, intensity was significantly higher in the normal hearing group(NH) than in the hearing impaired group(HL), in male group than in female group, and in low vowels than in high vowels. Third, jitter was significantly higher in the normal hearing group(NH) than in the hearing impaired group(HL), and in female group than in male group and in the back vowels than in front vowels. Finally, shimmer was significantly higher in the normal hearing group(NH) than in the hearing impaired group(HL), and in male group than in female group. In particular, the male group showed that front vowels tend to have higher shimmer than back vowels.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.469-473
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• 1973

The authors, to collect some necessary data to promote correcting the toothbrushing method, the most basic home dental care, and to arrest the attention to the dentifrices in Korea, observed and evaluated the cervical abrasion experience rate in 8,000 Korean male and female adults from 19 to 52 years in the age, which had been extracted by the stratified random sampling method. The obtained results were as follows; 1. Cervical abrasion experience rate was 18.6% in Korean adults. 2. Cervical abrasion experience rate in male adults was higher than that in female adults. 3. Cervical abrasion experience rate was gradually increased by ageing. 4. It seemed the cervical abrasion experience rates in the adults in Honam and Youngnam district to be higher than those in the other districts. 5. In Korean adults, the further detail inveatigations into the cervical abrasion were required.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2017

Anemia, defined as a reduction in the hemoglobin concentration of blood, is common in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, can be potentially caused by diabetes complications such as nephropathy. Recent research suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) itself may be a major risk factor of anemia. However, there are few Korean studies on the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and anemia. This study was performed to investigate the association between anemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) in Korean adults. A total of 10,151 Korean adults over aged 19 years (4,422 male, 5,729 female) were selected from the participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (KNHANES VI). Korean adults with anemia had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) than the normal adults (11.4% vs. 30.4% in male, 8.8% vs. 9.4% in female). The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for anemia was greater in adults with DM than in normal male (OR=3.28; 95% CI: 2.27~4.73). After adjusting for other risk factors including age, education, family income, smoking, drinking, and menstrual status, anemia and diabetes were not associated (OR=1.33; 95% CI: 0.84~2.09). Similarly, there was no association between anemia and diabetes in female. In conclusion, this study shows that the prevalence of anemia is similar in diabetic and non-diabetic Korean adults after adjusting for multiple risk factors. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism of anemia caused as a consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM).

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.100-114
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• 2004

This is a basic study for developing educational dress forms of male adults' pattern making. While examining the reality of each university's men's wear education and the production of male dress forms, this paper found the following findings: 1. Survey of Dress Forms Used by Men's Apparel Companies The men's apparel companies had dissatisfaction with domestic dress forms but satisfaction with foreign-made ones. In general, among the unsatisfied items were wide discrepancy in male Korean body sizes, unfitting domestic somatotypes, lacking dress forms for those in the 20s, and no diverse forms per body type. To be specific, unsuitable hip and shoulder parts as well as weak fixing parts were pointed out. Every apparel companies found it necessary to develop male dress forms based on Korean male adults. When they are developed for sale, they will be highly utilized in the order of fitting, pattern making, male design research, and somatotype research. 2. Survey of Education for Men's Wear in Fashion Dept. of University 61.54% of the investigated universities had some teaching as far as men's wear were concerned. Application areas of male dress forms were such as pattern making (53.85%), fitting (41.38%), and design research (5.77%). As to the degrees of utilization, 73.08% predicted them high.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.145-151
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acoustic characteristics of transgenders' voice. This study obtained acoustic measurements (F0, jitter, shimmer, and NHR) of 45 subjects (15 male adults, 15 female adults, and 15 transgender(male to female)) and compared acoustic measurements of the vowel /a/ produced by 3 groups. The MDVP was used to measure the acoustic parameters. A one-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. The results were as follow: Firstly, there was a significant difference among the 3 groups in F0. And F0 of transgenders was higher than that of male group and lower than that of female group. Secondly, there was a significant difference between male and transgender group in jitter and shimmer so that the transgender had a tendency to phonate roughly than male.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2003

Morphological characteristics of nymphal instars are described for a Korean wood-feeding cockroach, Cryptocercus kyebangensis. Eleven instars, including adults, were tentatively identified. Female adults had apicolateral emargination and a truncated apical median prominence in the seventh sternite, and female nymphs of the other instars except for the last had a narrowly rounded apical median prominence in the seventh sternite. In the last instar, the seventh sternite was partially desclerotized and somewhat shriveled at the start of the emarginated area. In contrast, males showed no emargination in adults, and had a rounded broad apical median in this area of all instars. In the ninth sternite, female nymphs had a medium notch on the caudal margin and styli were separated before reaching adulthood, whereas no such notch was observed in male nymphs. The styli remained prominent in the ninth sternite of male adults.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 1990

The research is a comparative study of death attitudes between male and female elderly people. There is no doubt as to the inevitability of death. And yet, there is a vast conspiracy involved in the word of dead or death. The aged are considered to be nearer death than are people in other age groups. Kalish(1976) emphasized that for the aged two meanings of death have significance for evaluating their life ; first, that older people are known to have a limited life time and face death ; second that older people are known to have suffered many death-imposed losses that are often associated with the dying process. In considering these implications, the level of anxiety regarding death and dying is a crucial factor in determining mental health. In the study, 152 male elderly and 145 female elderly residing in Seoul, Korea was compared on the four dimensions of death anxiety and assigned personal variables. Therefore, the purpose the research was (1) to examine the characteristics of subjects on the independent variables(age, marital status, family relationship, social activities, religiousity etc.) ; (2) to examine the relationship between the independent variables and each dimension of death axniety ; (3) to determine the proportion of variance in the respective of death anxiety which is accounted for by the respective independent variables ; (4) to examine whether a significant difference between the respective independent variables and each dimension of death anxiety has ; (5) to determine the combination of variables which is the most successful in explaining the variance in death anxiety. Finding from this study support the following conclusions; 1. There was a significant differences between the male and female subjects in the level of death anxiety. In turn, the male older adults had lower death anxiety than did the female elderly. This implies that male tend to look forward to death rather than deny it. 2. As there was evidences from several studies, this research found that fear of death decreases as age increases. 3. The following two variables that correlate best with dying anxiety of others in both male and female older adults : 'marriage life', 'social interaction'. 4. The variables 'age' and 'children' for both female and male elderly accounted for the most variance in death anxiety of self. The findings of the study lend this investigator several suggestions, implications and recommendations for future research. There can be no death without life, and conversely, no life without death. Psychologists and health-related professionals may be learn as much about death as they can in order to develop more healthy attitudes and in order to be able to better aid and comfort dying people and their familities. Perhaps most importantly, professionals may be help those who are not faced with death at present to develop an understanding of it and healthy attitudes toward it. The programs of death education are needed for dedication to the evitability of death and the preparation of life for the older adults. More seminars, symposiums and research on death attitudes are needed. Finally, study for female older adults has been negelected topic in the areas of women's study and health education. Future study, for female elderly, have to deeply investigate where those problems come from and how to cope with in order to the female elderly segment can live the rest of their lives in satisfaction with well-being.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.781-789
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• 2006

Purpose: This study is to examine the effect of auricular acupressure therapy on smoking cessation for male adult in rural areas. Method: Research design was nonequivalent control pretest-posttest design. The samples were 90 male adults(Experimental: 40, Control: 40) in a community. Measures were the number of cigarette smoking per day, dependency on nicotine, and need for smoking. Auricular acupressure therapy, experimental treatment was applied for 2 weeks, 2 times/week, 3 day/time. Data were collected from June 2005 to December 2005. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12 version. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ${\chi}^2-test$, were used for each aim of this study. Results: The number of cigarette smoking per day (t= 13.230, p=.000), dependency on nicotine (t=-29.743, p=.000), and need for smoking (t=-19.799, p=.000) were significantly decreased in the experimental group by application of the auricular acupressure therapy. Conclusion: Auricular Acupressure Therapy can be a better effective primary nursing intervention on smoking cessation for male adults in rural areas through reverification by a study of repetition.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.91-100
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• 2013

Objectives: Despite the considerable interest in the increase in obesity particularly of socially disadvantaged group in Korea, how obesity varies according to various socio-demographic characteristics still remains largely unanswered. To further develop the understanding of obesity in Korea, the present study focuses on the possibility that the relationship between educational attainment and obesity varies across age. Methods: Using 2010 Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), this study divides the adults into male and female groups and examines the interaction effect of age and educational attainment on obesity through binominal logit models for each group. Results: The most educated male group is more likely to be obese than those who did not complete high school. And the relationship between male's educational attainment and obesity does not significantly change across age. In contrast to male's obesity pattern, female educational attainment has a significant negative association with obesity. The gap in obesity across educational groups converges after middle ages in female. Conclusions: Health policies should pay more attention to those who are more vulnerable to obesity risk in order to effectively reduce obesity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.309-316
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of social exclusion on depression of older adults. In addition, it is to address the mediating effect of social participation and the gender differences on social exclusion-social participation-depression relationship. The researcher conducted a secondary data analysis using the 6^th wave of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The final sample included 1,925 male and 2,653 female older adults. The results indicated that excluded from work, health, and housing increased depression of male older adults. In the female model, excluded from education also found to be a significant factor predicting depression. Different mediating relationships existed between male and female older adults model and gender differences were also revealed. Based on the findings, the researcher discussed social work implications.