• Title/Summary/Keyword: m-nonylphenol

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Isolation of a Pseudomonas sp. Capable of Utilizing 4-Nonylphenol in the Presence of Phenol

  • Chakraborty Joydeep;Dutta Tapan K.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.16 no.11
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    • pp.1740-1746
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    • 2006
  • Enrichment techniques led to the isolation of a Pseudomonas sp. strain P2 from municipal waste-contaminated soil sample, which could utilize different isomers of a commercial mixture of 4-nonylphenol when grown in the presence of phenol. The isolate was identified as Pseudomonas sp., based on the morphological, nutritional, and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The ${\beta}$-ketoadipate pathway was found to be involved in the degradation of phenol by Pseudomonas sp. strain P2. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of the culture media indicated degradation of various major isomers of 4-nonylphenol in the range of 29-50%. However, the selected ion monitoring mode of analysis of biodegraded products of 4-nonylphenol indicated the absence of any aromatic compounds other than those of the isomers of 4-nonylphenol. Moreover, Pseudomonas sp. strain P2 was incapable of utilizing various alkanes individually as sole carbon source, whereas the degradation of 4-nonylphenol was observed only when the test organism was induced with phenol, suggesting that the degradation of 4-nonylphenol was possibly initiated from the phenolic moiety of the molecule, but not from the alkyl side-chain.

Effect of Bisphenol A, Nonylphenol, Pentachlorophenol on the Proliferation of MCF-1 and PC-3 Cells (Bisphenol A, Nonylphenol, Pentachlorophenol이 MCF-7 및 PC-3 세포 증식에 미치는 영향)

  • 이수민;최형기;유경희
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.424-428
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    • 2003
  • In the present study, we have analyzed effects of the endocrine distruptors, such as bisphenol A, nonylphenol and pentachlorophenol, on cell proliferation in the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, and the human prostate cancer cell line, PC-3, with MTT method. A dose dependent analysis of the cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells after administration of bisphenol A, nonylphenol and pentachlorophenol revealed a significant induction of cell proliferation. Maximum induction of cell proliferation was observed at concentrations between 10$\^$-7/ and 10$\^$-6/ M. Whereas, these chemicals had little effect on proliferation of PC-3 cells. These results demonstrated that bisphenol A, nonylphenol and pentachlorophenol do not induce proliferation of PC-3 cells but exhibit a significant induction of MCF-7 cell proliferation, suggesting all these chemicals are a estrogen mimic.

Risk Assessment of Nonylphenol using Sex Ratio, Sexual Maturation, Intersex and Lipofuscin Accumulation of the Equilateral Venus Gomphina veneriformis (Bivalvia: Veneridae) (대복 Gomphina veneriformis의 성비, 성 성숙, intersex 및 지방갈색소 침적을 이용한 nonylphenol의 위해성 평가)

  • Lee, Jung-Sick;Park, Jung-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.16-23
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    • 2007
  • Nonylphenol (NP) is an estrogen-mimicking compound or xenoestrogen. This study investigated the effects of nonylphenol on the reproductive status of the equilateral venus Gomphina veneriformis. The experiment lasted 24 weeks, Experimental groups consisted of a control and three nonylphenol exposures ($1.0,\;2.5,\;and\;5.0\;{\mu}g\;NP/L$). Mortality did not differ significantly between the control and the exposure groups. The sex ratio (F:M) was 1:1 in nature and 1:1.03 in the control group. However, it changed to 1:3.5 with $5.0\;{\mu}g\;NP/L$ exposure. Gonad maturity in females was higher in the nonylphenol exposure groups than in the control group. By contrast, in males, it was lower in the nonylphenol exposure groups. Intersex individuals constituted 0% in nature, 3.08% in the control group, and 23.6% in the group exposed to nonylphenol, with female characteristics more prevalent than male. As the concentration of nonylphenol increased, the accumulation of lipofuscin increased in the mid-gut gland.

Relationship of the Clearance Rate and Nonylphenol Uptake Rate of Three Bivalve Species with Different Size Classes and Temperatures (이매패류 3종의 크기 및 수온에 따른 여수율과 노닐페놀 흡수율의 관계)

  • Yang, Songyi;Lee, Jong Hyeon;Lee, Byeong Gweon
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.80-88
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    • 2013
  • The present study was conducted to evaluate relationship between nonylphenol uptake rate and clearance rate of Ruditapes philippinarum, Corbicula japonica and Mytilus edulis. Variation of the temperature and body size of the bivalves was used to modulate clearance rate and nonylphenol uptake rate in this experiment. Clearance rate and nonylphenol uptake rate experiments were determined for two different size classes of the bivalves (R. philippinarum: 0.35, 0.73 g, C. japonica : 0.047, 0.1000g, M. edulis: 0.30, 0.37 g; mean flesh dry weight) and three different temperature regime (5, 13 and $18^{\circ}C$). Weight-specific clearance rate in all animal size and temperature ranges increased in the order of R. philippinarum, C. japonica and M. edulis. The weight-specific nonylphenol uptake rate did not show specific trend among species. The clearance rate and nonylphenol uptake rate generally decreased with animal size and increased with water temperature. For all three species nonylphenol uptake rate had a strong relationship with clearance rate. For a given clearance rate ranges, the nonylphenol uptake rate was in the order of R. philippinarum > C. japonica > M. edulis. The results suggest that water ventilation capacity of filter-feeding organisms is an important physiological factor controlling uptake rate of dissolved nonylphenol.

Estrogenicity of 4-nonylphenol and diethylstilbestrol on in vitro oocyte maturation of the dusky tripletooth goby, Tridentiger obscurus

  • Hwang, In-Joon;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Kim, Jin-Koo;Lee, Young-Don;Baek, Hea-Ja
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.161-167
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    • 2010
  • This study investigated the estrogenicity of 4-nonylphenol (NP) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) in vitro during oocyte maturation in the marine fish, Tridentiger obscurus, using steroid hormone assays and GVBD assay. Vitellogenic (0.53mm diameter) and fully vitellogenic (0.75mm diameter) oocytes were in vitro exposed to NP (0.045 453.82 nM and DES (0.037 372.62 nM). In vitellogenic oocytes, 45.38 and 453.82nM NP and 3.73 372.62nM DES increas the estradiol-$17{\beta}$ (E2)/testosterone (T) ratio. In fully vitellogenic oocytes, 0.45, 45.38 and 453.82nM NP and 3.73nM DES increased E2/T. In the GVBD assay, 0.45 and 4.54nM NP and 0.037, 3.73 and 37.26nM DES inhibited GVBD. These results suggest that NP and DES have estrogen-agonistic effects in oocyte maturation in T. obscurus. In addition, NP and DES have different sensitivity according to the oocyte developmental stage, and the estrogenagonistic effects of DES were greater than were those of NP.

Effect of 4-Nonylphenol on the Gene Expression of Retinol-Binding Protein in the Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli (조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli)의 Retinol-Binding Protein의 유전자 발현에 미치는 4-Nonylphenol의 영향)

  • Cho, Hyung-Koo;Jung, Jee-Hyun;Lee, Je-Yong;Kim, Myung-Hee;Han, Chang-Hee
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.177-184
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    • 2006
  • Retinol-binding protein(RBP) plays an important role in the specific transport of retinol to target cells through the blood stream in higher vertebrates. In order to clarify the effects of 4-nonylphenol(4-NP) on RBP mRNA expression in the rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli which is common in coastal waters of Korea and commercially important species, the cDNA library was constructed from the liver, and a partial fragment of the RBP gene was cloned. The deduced amino acid sequence from the RBP mRNA showed a high homology to the amino acid sequence from Sparus aurata(80%), Oncorhynchus mykiss(72%) or Anguilla anguilla(78%). Effects of 4-NP on RBP and vitellogenin(VTG) mRNA expression level in rockfish were examined by the northern blot analysis. In female and male rockfish injected with 4-NP(10 mg/kg BW, lower dose), there was no changes in the levels of VTG mRNA expression in the liver. The RBP mRNA levels, however, decreased at 48 hours after the injection in male. In the rockfish injected with 4-NP(25 mg/kg BW, higher dose), the level of VTG mRNA expression increased after 24 hours, regardless of sex. The level of RBP mRNA expression decreased at 48 hours after the injection in both sexes. These data indicate that estrogenic mimics such as 4-NP exhibit a contrasting effect on RBP and VTG gene expression in rockfish.

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Optimal Surfactant Structures for Cosurfactant-Free Microemulsion Systems (III) -Nonylphenol and Tridecyl Alcohol Hydrophobes- (계면활성제의 구조가 Microemulsion 형성에 미치는 영향(제 III보) -친유기 Nonylphenol과 Tridecyl alcohol-)

  • 김천희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.473-479
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    • 1994
  • 보소계면활성제 없이 microemulsion을 형성하는 최적의 계면활성제 구조를 찾기 위한 일련의 연구 중 세번째로 propoxylated nonylphenol sulfates와 ethoxylated 혹은 propoxylated highly-branched tridecyl alcohol sulfates를 연구하였다. 온도, NaCl농도, 보조계면활성제 농도, ethylene oxide몰수(EON), propylene oxide몰수(PON) 등을 변인으로 하여 phase behavior 실험을 한 결과 tridecyl alcohol 친유기를 갖는 계면활성제가 보조계면활성제 없이 microemulsion을 형성하였다. $C_{13}O(EO)_mPO)_nSO_3Na$ 일반식으로부터 m과 n을 변경시킴으로써 계의 다양한 조건을 만족시키는 계면활성제를 디자인할 수 있었다.

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Effects of Bisphenol A and Nonylphenol on In Vitro Steroid Production in Matured Oocyte of Greenlings, Hexagrammos agrammus (Bisphenol A와 Nonylphenol이 노래미, Hexagrammos agrammus 성숙기 난모세포의 스테로이드 생성과정에 미치는 영향)

  • Hwang, In Joon;Kim, Hyung Bae;Baek, Hea Ja
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.275-281
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    • 2008
  • Endocrine disrupting chemiclas (EDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA) and nonylphenol (NP) have estrogenic activity and can alter reproduction in fish. In the present study, the effects of BPA and NP on in vitro steroid production from oocytes of maturation stage (oocyte diameter$\fallingdotseq$1.88 mm) from the greenling (Hexagrammos agrammus) were evaluated. Oocytes were incubated with different concentrations of BPA and NP (0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 ng/$m{\ell}$) in the presence or absence of 50 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for 48 hours. After incubation, levels of $17{\alpha},\;20{\beta}$-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one ($17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP$), estradiol-$17{\beta}(E_2)$ and testosterone (T) from incubated media were quantified by radioimmunoassay (RIA). In BPA treatment, 100 ng/$m{\ell}$ of BPA stimulated $E_2$ production regardless HCG supplement. Every concentration of BPA inhibited T production without HCG although 0.1 ng/$m{\ell}$ of BPA stimulated T production with HCG. In NP treatment, 10 ng/$m{\ell}$ of NP stimulated $17{\alpha}20{\beta}OHP$ and T production without HCG. 1 ng/$m{\ell}$ of NP inhibited $E_2$ production. Taken toghther, these results suggest that BPA might have weak estrogen-agonistic effect and NP has estrogenantagonistic effect at final oocyte maturation stage of H. agrammus.

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Effects of Estradiol-$17{\beta}$ and Nonylphenol on mRNA Expression of Estrogen Receptor-related Receptor $\beta$ Like 1 and Early Embryogensis in Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus nudus (Estradiol-$17{\beta}$와 Nonylphenol이 둥근성게(Strongylocentrotus nudus) 초기 배발생과 Estrogen Receptor-related Receptor $\beta$ Like 1 mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung, Yu-Jung;Maeng, Se-Joeng;Sohn, Young-Chang
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.179-185
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    • 2007
  • The estrogens and estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs) function through a steroid nuclear receptor-mediated process and subsequently regulate the transcription of mRNA for a number of target proteins. The estrogen receptor-related receptors(ERRs), which are structurally similar to estrogen receptors, are members of orphan nuclear receptor in the nuclear receptor superfamily and their functions are known to be involved in the formation of extra-embryonic ectoderm. To investigate effects of EDCs on early embryogenesis and ERR gene expression in marine invertebrates, we examined morphological changes and the mRNA expression of $ERR{\beta}$ like 1 in sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus exposed to estradiol-$17{\beta}(E_2)$ or nonylphenol(NP). The $E_2$ and NP-exposed embryos showed a delayed development compared to control embryos. Furthermore, they showed abnormal embryonic developments at late stages, i.e., blastular, gastrula and plutei stages. The mRNA level of $ERR{\beta}$ like 1 at the gastrula stage was significantly lower in $E_2$ and NP-exposed embryos than those of control group. These results suggest that NP and $E_2$ are potent chemicals causing abnormal embryonic development of S. nudus through at least in part down-regulated $ERR{\beta}$ like 1.

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Effects of Nonylphenol on the Secretion of Catecholamines and Adrenocortical Hormones from Short-Term Incubated Rat Adrenal Glands

  • Hee-Su Kim;Yong-Pil Cheon;Sung-Ho Lee
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.213-220
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    • 2023
  • Previously, we showed that a chronic-low-dose nonylphenol (NP) exposure resulted in histological changes with sexually dimorphic pattern in rat adrenal glands. We hypothesized that such structural changes are closely related to the hormonal secretory patterns. To test this hypothesis, we developed the short-term adrenal incubation method, and measured the levels of catecholamines and cortical steroids using the high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The norepinephrine (NE) levels in media from NP-treated female adrenal, except 100 pM NP, were significantly increased [control (CTL) vs 1 nM NP, p<0.001; vs 10 nM NP, p<0.05; vs 100 nM NP, p<0.001; vs 1 µM NP, p<0.01]. The NE secretion from male adrenal was higher when treated with 100 nM and 1 µM NP (CTL vs 100 nM NP, p<0.05; vs 1 µM NP, p<0.05, respectively). The aldosterone level in the female adrenal media treated with 100 pM NP was significantly decreased, on the other hand, that of media treated with 10 nM NP was significantly increased (CTL vs 100 pM NP, p<0.05; vs 10 nM NP, p<0.01). In male adrenal media, the aldosterone levels of 10 nM, 100 nM and 1 µM NP-treated media were significantly declined (CTL vs 10 nM NP, p<0.001; vs 100 nM NP, p<0.001; vs 1 µM NP, p<0.001). These results showed the NP treatment altered secretory pattern of aldosterone from adrenals of both sexes, showing sexual dimorphism. It may be helpful for understanding possible adrenal pathophysiology, and endocrine disrupting chemicals-related sexually dimorphic phenomena in adrenals.