• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.139-154
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the changes in transportation expenditure patterns of urban households during 1985-19o8. The data were drawn from 'Annual Report on the family Income and Expenditure Survey' by National Statistical Office, Republic of Korea. For data analysis, frequency, percentile, mean, and multiple regression analysis were utilized by the SAS window program. The results of this study were as follows; Frist, the levels of public transportation expenditure showed increasing trend, whereas the portions of public transportation expenditure have showed decreasing trend during 1985-1998. And both the level and the portion of private transportation expenditure showed increasing trends during 1985-1998. Second, the marginal propensities to consume of public transportation have decreased, whereas the marginal propensities to consume of private transportation have increased during 1985-1998. Third, income elasticities of public transportation showed decreasing trend during 1985-1998, impling that consumers have less demand public transportation with increasing income. And income elasticities of private transportation showed increasing trend till 1993, and then showed decreasing trend till 1998, impling that consumers have perceived the car as one of necessary goods rather than luxury goods gradually since 1993.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.31-43
• /
• 2021

This study analyzes the characteristics of fashion flex, which have recently spread on social media. The study was conducted with big data analysis that derived flex keywords from news articles and social media as well as case studies that collected 136 posted images on Instagram to analyze the content. The meaning of flex was positively accepted based on big data results. Flex was also a buzzword frequently used on social media as well as a symbolic meaning when discussing luxury goods or fashion brand experiences. The characteristics of fashion flex in social media were largely divided into three categories. First, conspicuous consumption is considered an active expression of individual fashion tastes or self-oriented consumption and emphasizes individuality through consumption. The second characteristic is that the public actively participates in events or fashion flex challenges. People use similar fashion styles or products to participate in playful social interactions with others using various Instagram functions. Finally, acts of pursuing psychological well-being in social media were used as the term flex in a broad sense and were shown to actively explore fashion-related materials and experiences for individual happiness. This study found that the meaning of existing conspicuous consumption is transforming into positive consumption, such as the expression of taste-based identity or the seeking of fun and psychological well-being. It is also meaningful that fashion has become an effective means to express individuality and taste in expressing flex.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.249-256
• /
• 2017

Luxury goods products have a steady stream of consumers, and the latest trend is the sell and purchase markets. The consumers age groups also vary widely. This research examined the mediating effect of self-construal of the relationship between brand consistency and intention to purchase luxury fashion products. The analysis classified the brand consistency of luxury fashion products as social, actual, and the deal. First, the order of consistency that had an effect on self-construal appeared in the order of social cohesion, actual coincidence, and ideal coincidence. Second, an analysis of mediating effect of self-construal showed that only self-construal appeared to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between the intention to purchase and the actual and ideal consistency. Such result can be interpreted as that when purchasing luxury fashion products, consumers have a tendency to desire that the brand would express their personal image and that it would match the perception they had of the brand, rather than a tendency to perceive the brand as a tool to help them perform their desired social role. These results suggest that consumers who consume the brand desire to have their personalities and subjective environmental conditions well expressed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.66 no.2
• /
• pp.32-44
• /
• 2016

Having set a trend for luxury fashion brand markets since the $17^{th}$ century, France has established the norms and the forms of the fashion business. In addition, it has maintained its status as a leading fashion power by discovering economic value from the intangible value of design and brand, and developing fashion into a high value-added industry. This paper aims to examine the socio-cultural factors that have exerted a positive influence on the formation of "fashion power" in France from a historical perspective. It will focus on four major external historical factors that made France the top fashion power: insights and innovation of French leaders as well as their constant concerns and efforts for the promotion of fashion, a tradition of experimental cultures and arts, open and the public-centered social environment and an atmosphere of cherishing the values of creation, and the establishment of a legitimate system that protects them.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.139-151
• /
• 2019

This study intends to present the directions for effective up-cycling design using Marquage painting through analysis of trends and the formative characteristics of fashion products. Research was conducted through a literature review (published papers, books and web site contents). Cases were analyzed by examining the contents of web sites of global luxury brands, representative workshops, and social network sites (SNS). The results of the study are categorized as follows, First, Marquage paintings are continuously used by global luxury brands and have developed as an expression of self-ownership and the personalization of one's identity. Second, fashion brands use Marquage painting as a customized service for sales. On the other hand, Marquage paintings are used as a kind of up-cycling to present old goods as brand new ones. Third, the patterns used in Marquage painting were classified into five types: geometric patterns, logo patterns, character patterns, lettering patterns, and art patterns. Moreover, formalization by Marquage patterns is represented by identification, customization, and up-cycling. Finally, to up-cycle the expressive features of Marquage- sustainability, scarcity, storytelling, and originality based on factors of up-cycling need to be reflected.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2011

This study presents an effective and distinctive marketing strategy through the implementation of the aesthetic art marketing communication technique of storytelling. The reason applying art to marketing is effective is that it gives "class" and aesthetic beauty to the brand's image, which will lead to an increase in revenue and loyalty of consumers. The story stands in for the brand's subject of "desire." Luxury brand customers not only consume high-quality products, require the utmost in service, and value of the brand, they also appreciate the story the brand is telling. The story, combined with art, is called art marketing communication; it makes the brand more unique through its enhanced visual elements. The study discusses art collaboration, art exhibition, a transforming architecture project, art advertisement, a flagship store, and a human resource training center. Based on the "desire," I adopted the element and principle of storytelling. By visualizing the brand with a symbol, the company is able to relate to consumers' sentimentality. Through storytelling art marketing communication, and the strategy using relevance of brand and artist's popularity, the research shows efficient art marketing influences to the brand's image. The results of the research indicate that by using adequate art marketing communication that best reflects the identity and story of the luxury brand, it produces great results; the research also demonstrated, in various ways, that art marketing will succeed. The case showed the following outcomes. First, consumers have a tendency to choose a brand that is associated with an empathizing story. World renowned brands see through the market's "desires" for unique stories, and they also provide the ability to amuse consumers. The story in a product will become an important competitive element in future markets. Second, the art marketing communication applying a story rendered a brand with distinction. The most effective art marketing communications are art collaboration, art exhibition, locomotive architecture project, and others that are adopted as various means. Third, the brand's products were considered as an art piece, which led to not only strengthening the loyalty of consumers but also an increase in sales. In addition, the company could sustain a premium price for the goods sold. By adapting art to a brand's tradition, an innovative and creative new product provides consumer satisfaction, and producing goods in limited editions creates enthusiastic collectors. Fourth, this study suggests an abridged report, implication, limitation of the study, and directions for further research. Referring to the case for the adaptation of luxury brands, efficient art marketing strategies considering Korean company brand and efficiently study preceding Korean company brand art marketing strategy could be proposed.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.193-212
• /
• 2017

In order to evaluate the evaluation of bi-national products, this study was classified according to product category similarity. In addition, by comparing the types of stores, we tried to suggest alternatives that can be practically applied to companies producing composite origin products. For this purpose, this study is applied to the analysis of bi-national product by product categories, such as public luxury, public luxury, private luxury, and private necessity, based on the psychological bases of consumers. The types of stores are divided into department store/direct store, outlet/discount store to elaborate measurement. As a result of the verification, it was found that brand evaluation and store evaluation had interactive effects depending on product type and store type. Specifically, in the case of public luxury goods, outlets/discount stores in both brand evaluation and store evaluation showed positive evaluation than department store/direct store. In the case of private necessity, there was no significant difference in brand evaluation, but in store evaluation, department store/direct store was confirmed that they had a relatively positive evaluation than outlets/discount stores. As a result, it was verified that consumers' evaluations can be changed according to the type of sales store for each product.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.321-350
• /
• 2008

The China has opened the distribution market completely since it joined the World Trade Organization on Dec 11 2001. The notable features of Chinese distribution market are the transition from the consumers' monolithic demand to diversification for the luxury goods, well-being products. The regional characteristics of consumers are smart, conservative, optimistic and advanced. and the open door policy has prompted the capitalistic economy gradually. We analyzed the Chinese distribution markets and came up with the following strategies. First, we recommend the setting of the key regional market not covering the whole chinese markets. then we can extend the main market step by step. Second, we need to cooperate and advance with the Korean distribution companies which entered into markets already. Third, we need to acquire the competitive and stable distribution channel in China. Fourth, we need to implement the localization strategy in terms of human resources and procurement. Fifth, the consignment management can be another strategy. I hope this research can be a little help to those who wish to expand to the Chinese markets.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.36 no.7
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 1998

An analysis of the changing trends of kyongjobi expenditure pattern from 1982 to 1996 and the related factors of kyongjobi expenditure of urban household in 1996 has been performed. Major findings were as follow: An average monthly expenditure was 20,036 won during the period, and the increased rate of monthly expenditure was 5.6 times in the past 15 years which was the twice as much as of the total consumption. The ratio of the total kyongjobi consumption was increased about 2 times during the period, and it was 2.96% in 1996. During the period, an average marginal consumption propensity was 0.0379, and it was dramatically increased from '93 to '94. Average income elasticity was 1.743 during the period and found out that it was luxury goods. The result of Anova and Tobit analysis showed that the level of consumption, number of earners, age and education had positive effect on kyongjobi. And in Seoul area, house owner, male(head of the household), and professionals spent more on kyongjobi than other. The present problems of custom, spending of kyongjobi, were discussed and the change of the custom was urged.

• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.1-35
• /
• 2019

This paper compares the effects of income transfer and wage subsidy in a simple general equilibrium model. The redistributive effects of both policies are smaller, the more intensive in low wage workers are the luxury goods production. Wage subsidy contributes more to employment and GDP relative to income subsidy, but its redistributive effects can be smaller depending on the elasticities of labor demand supply. More complete empirical analysis appears due on the effects of both policies in order to design an optimal mix of efficiency and equity.