• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.271-280
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• 2010

Vibrio alginolyticus, a Gram-negative marine bacterium, is one of the causative agents of fish vibriosis. Its virulence factors and pathogenesis mechanism are barely known, except for some extracellular products (ECPs) that are known to be regulated by quorum sensing system. Therefore, the present study used a microarray to analyze the transcription profiles of the wild-type V. alginolyticus and a deletion mutant of luxO, the pivotal regulator in Vibrio quorum sensing systems, which resulted in the identification of a putative virulence factor, MviN. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR confirmed that the transcription of mviN was upregulated in the luxO mutant when compared with wild-type, and down regulated in a luxO-con complemented strain. Furthermore, Western blotting indicated that MviN was greatly induced during the late-exponential and stationary phases of growth, indicating that the expression of MviN was cell-density dependent and quorum sensing regulated in V. alginolyticus. Meanwhile, the mviN null mutant displayed a much slower growth rate than the wild type, signifying the essential role of MviN in V. alginolyticus. Western blotting also revealed that MviN was present as an extracellular protein in V. alginolyticus. When epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells were treated with the ECPs of the mviN mutant, no cytotoxicity was observed, whereas EPC cells treated with the wild type exhibited pathological changes, which increased with the ECPs concentration and treatment time. Therefore, the results demonstrated that MviN is a LuxO-regulated ECPs component and involved in the pathogenicity of V. alginolyticus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2001

Experiment was performed to investigate the effect of light intensity on growth and flowering status of Korean native Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus, Sedum middendorifianum, Hemerocallis aurantiaca, Iris ensata var. spontanea and Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepola for effective landscaping. Number of floret and flower stalk per a plant were markedly increased under full sun(about 100,000lux), and decreased with decreasing light intensity in all tested plants. This result indicate that it will be cultivated in the open for promote landscaping values. However, leaf area and plant height were more increased under half sun(22,000lux) than open(100,000lux) or shade(7,700lux) in all plants except Sedum middendorifianum. Especially, Hemerocallis aurantiaca had same number of shoot and leaf size, even if planted under shade condition to show a wide adaptation to various light intensities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.144-149
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to find the light intensity which induced maximum gathering rate and to observe the variation of the gathering rate both in daytime and tat night by using Striped puffer, Fugu xanthopterus (Temminck et Schlegel). An experimental tank(360L$\times$50W$\times$55H cm) was set up in a dark room. An illumination system was attached to the end of one side of the tank to control horizontal light intensity. Eight artificial light sources were prepared by combination of three light bulbs (10W, 60W, 100W) and eight filters. During the experiment water depth was maintained 50 cm level in the tank. The tank was marked into six longitudinal sections each being 60cm long to observe the distribution of fish. The fish were acclimatized in dark condition for 50 minutes prior to the main experiment. Upon turning on the light, the number of fish in each section was counted 60 times every 30 seconds, and the gathering rate was obtained from the average number of fish in each section. The light intensity inducing maximum gathering rate was 298.56 lux (188.44-444.96 lux) at daytime and 298.56 lux (188.44-444.96 lux) at night. The variation of the gathering rate of fish in illumination time was increasing trend fluctuately and did not show any distinctive difference between day and night.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2002

The functions of riboflavin synthesis genes ( ribI,II,III and IV) found immediately downstream of luxG in the lux operon from Photobacterium species were identified using the biochemical and genetical analysis. The ribI-III gene codes for protein corresponding to that coded by the second (riboflavin synthase), third (3,4-dihydroxy 2-butanone 4-phosphate synthase/GTP cyclohydrolase II) and fourth (lumazine synthase) gene, respectively, of Bacillus subtilis rib operon with the respective gene procuct sharing 41-50% amino acid sequence identity. Unexpectedly, the sequence of the ribIV product of Photobacterium phosphoreum does not correspond in sequence to the protein encoded by the fifth rib gene of Bacillus subtilis. Instead the gene (ribIV) codes for a polypeptide similar in sequence to GTP cyclohydrolase II of Escherichia coli and the carboxy terminal domain of the third rib gene from Bacillus subtilis. Complementation of Escherichia coli riboflavin auxotrophs showed that the function of the gene products of ribII and ribIV are DHBP synthase and GTP cyclohydrolase II, respectively. In addition the experiment, showing that increase in thermal stability of riboflavin synthase coded by ribIon coexpression with ribIII, provided indirect evidence that the latter gene codes for lumazine synthase.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-122
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• 2020

"lux et sonitus" is an audiovisual art exhibition series with an artistic combination of music and video at its center. Since its first introduction in 2013, the series have been held five times under the theme of "exhibition of music", presenting works featuring both audio and visual media in an effort to explore the key issues in the field of audiovisual art. In addition to the previous achievement of the exhibition, recent works from the series feature new concepts that explore the possibility of expanding the realm of synesthesia. In this paper, details of the entire series are summarized. In addition, theoretical background behind creative results of the series is analyzed in the context of music, synesthesia and space found in Nam June Paik's audiovisual artwork as a source of inspiration. This will contribute to establishing a vision for the creation/analysis of audiovisual art in the future.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.137-141
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• 2010

This experiment was carried out to clarify the effect of light qualities on the growth characteristics and yield of fruiting body in the cultivation of Lyophyllum ulmarium. The intensity of illumination by light qualities was in the order of white light(2,270Lux), yellow light(1,750Lux), blue light(460Lux) and red light(400Lux). An investigation of fruiting body showed these results that the pileus size and stipe diameter of fruiting body on CBM(Chungbuk mushroom)-1757 were much larger than Hypsizigus marmoreus, and an effect of yellow light seemed to be better than those of another light. In comparison with Hypsizigus marmoreus, the growth duration of CBM-1757 was shortened by 8 days which included 2 days for mycelial culture, 1 day for first pinning requirement and 1 day for growth. The growth duration in yellow light illumination was about 70 days showing the tendency of 2~4 days reduction. There were no differences in results such as number of effective stem and fresh weight. The yield of fruiting body per bottle in CBM-1757(95.6g) was little higher than Hypsizigus marmoreus(94.8g). By a white light's standard, the yields of blue and red light illumination were decreased by 2~9%, but that of yellow light illumination was increased by 8%. The chromaticity results showed that brightness, red and yellow coloration of CBM-1757 were higher than those of Hypsizigus marmoreus, and yellow light treatment was more effective than another light.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to study the varietal and ecological difference of rice in heading date by night illumination. The degree of delay in heading date and days from heading initiation to full heading (DHIF) of rice were in the order of mid-late maturing cultivars (MLC)＞ medium maturing cultivars (MEC) ＞early maturing cultivars (EAC) ＞very early maturing cultivars (VEC). However, the MEC showed significant variation in days to heading; Kwanganbyeo delayed significantly, but Ansanbyeo did not. The comparative sensitivity of different rice ecotypes per lux in delayed heading was 0.09-0.10, 0.14-0.26, 0.16-0.58, and 0.35-0.54 day in VEC, EAC, MEC, and MLC, respectively; the shortest ion Odaebyeo (0.09 day), moderate in Daeanbyeo (0.35 day), and the longest in Kwanganbyeo (0.58 day). Difference of DHFI was 0.-1 day in VEC, -l-2 days in EAC, 0-l6 days in MEC and 6-18 days in MLC under 50-70 lux compared to 2 lux; Daejinbyeo (-1 day), Hwaseongbyeo (6 days), Chucheongbyeo (9 days), Kwanganbyeo (16 days), and Ilpumbyeo (18 days).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.184-192
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• 1988

Anchovy, Engraulis Japonica were caught by scoop net with fishing lamp in the surrounding water of Cheju and Seogwipo, and their gathering depth, gathering effects, change of catch by the age of the moon and submarine illumination were investigated from May to August 1985. Fish finder (SR-385) and fishing lamp (1 Kw incandescent) were set up at one meter of starboard of scoop net and one meter ahead of the prow together with two meters above the water surface respectively. The submarine illumunation was measured at 2m interval to both vertical direction of 0~18m and horizontal direction of 0~12m form the standard point which is to be 0.1m depth right under the fishing lamp. The catch of anchovy by scoop net was almost $90\%$ of total amount during the early period and the late period in moon age while as low as $10\%$ only was cought during the middle period. The catching depth of anchovy shoals by scoop net with fishing lamp was approximately 2~5m and submarine illuminations were 20~42 Lux, 24~48 Lux in Cheju and Seogwipo respec lively. Submarine illumination which could be cought by scoop net with fishing lamp should be 7~12 times lighter than before gathering since the shoals swiming at 10~15m depth which is 1.7~7 Lux illumination made by 1 Kw. AC 100V incandescent lamp, a surface gathering lamp of 2m high above anchovy scoop net came up to 2~5m depth which is 20~42 Lux illumination. The catching depth of anchovy by scoop net was 2~3m and this could be increased to 4m even though the AC voltage was decreased from 100V to 80V at final fishing stage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.27-27
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to find the light intensity which induced maximum gathering rate and to observe the variation of the gathering rate both at daytime and night by using Sea-bass, Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg). An experimental tank (360 L×50 W×55H cm) was set up in a dark room. An illumination system was attached to the end of one side of the tank to control horizontal light intensity. Eight artificial light sources were prepared by combination of three with white light bulbs (10W, 60W, 100W) and eight filters. During the experiment water depth was maintained 50cm level in the tank. The tank was marked into six longitudinal sections each being 60cm long to observe the distribution of fish. The fish were acclimatized in dark condition for 50 minutes before the main experiment. Upon turning on the light, the number of fish in each section was counted 60 times every 30 seconds, and the gathering rate was obtained from the average number of fish in each section. The light intensity inducing maximum gathering rate was 24.13 lux (15.25~35.93 lux) at daytime and 0.41 lux (0.25~0.63 lux) at night. The variation of the gathering rate of fish in illumination time was great and did not show any definite pattern but fluctuated irregularly. Its different between daytime and night is remarkable.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.137-143
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• 1987

The purpose of this study is to find the light intensity which induced maximum gathering rate and to observe the variation of the gathering rate both at daytime and night by using Sea-bass, Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg). An experimental tank (360 L$\times$50 W$\times$55H cm) was set up in a dark room. An illumination system was attached to the end of one side of the tank to control horizontal light intensity. Eight artificial light sources were prepared by combination of three with white light bulbs (10W, 60W, 100W) and eight filters. During the experiment water depth was maintained 50cm level in the tank. The tank was marked into six longitudinal sections each being 60cm long to observe the distribution of fish. The fish were acclimatized in dark condition for 50 minutes before the main experiment. Upon turning on the light, the number of fish in each section was counted 60 times every 30 seconds, and the gathering rate was obtained from the average number of fish in each section. The light intensity inducing maximum gathering rate was 24.13 lux (15.25~35.93 lux) at daytime and 0.41 lux (0.25~0.63 lux) at night. The variation of the gathering rate of fish in illumination time was great and did not show any definite pattern but fluctuated irregularly. Its different between daytime and night is remarkable.