• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 2012

This study presents the simulation results of Photopia when a lecture room with north-facing windows were illuminated by two different types of daylighting systems to improve the imbalance in its lighting conditions. Especially, the candela power distribution curves (CDCs) on a clear sunny day at the summer solstice, reaching $80^{\circ}$ in solar altitude, were analyzed with respect to the illuminance available at task areas (work planes). The difference between its illuminance on the north and south areas exceeded 1,000 lux without any daylighting system. This, however, decreased drastically with the application of a daylighting system. When a light tube system was introduced, it reduced from 906lx to 603lx and, even further to 308lx with the application of a dish concentrator system. Generally, the performance of a light tube system was greatly influenced by solar altitude while its effect on the dish concentrator system was rather negligible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.153-162
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• 2000

A field study was performed to test effectiveness of a bloluminescent genetically engineered microorganism (GEM) for bioremediation process monitoring and control. The study employed Pseudomonas fluorescens HK44 that was the first strain approved for field application in the U.S. for bioremediation purposes. HK44 contains lux gene fused within a naphthalene degradative pathway, allowing this GEM to bioluminesce as it degrades naphthalene as well as substituted naphthalenes and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) , Results showed that HK44 was maintained in both PAH-contarninated and uncontaminated soils even 660 days after inoculation. HK44 was able to produce bioluminescence in response to PAHs in soil. Although effectiveness of chemical remediation was not assessed due to heterogeneous distribution of contaminants, decreased concentration of naphthalene was shown in the soils, Taken together, HK44 was useful for in situ bioremediation process monitoring and control. This work is so far the only field release of a GEM for bioremediation purposes.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.399-403
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• 1998

To clarify the anesthetic effect of acupoint injection(aquapupuncture) using general anasthetics in dogs, 18 mongrel dogs were divided into control and two experimental groups(Tian-ping+Bai-hui : Tian-ping group and San-yang-luo+Gong-sun group : San -yang- lux group). Control group was intramuscularly injected with ketamine hydrochloride, 22 mg/ kg of body weight into the thigh and experimental groups were injected into each acupoint with half volume of dosage, respectively. Clinical findings(recumbency time, induction time of anesthesia, time of head lift and standing time) and changes of vital sign(temperature, heart rate and respiration rate) were investigates at pre-anesthesia, during anesthesia and poststanding, respectively. In recumbency time San-yang-luo groupui<0.05) and Tian-ping group (p<0.05) were faster than that of control, respectively and Tian-ping group was the fastest. In induction time of anesthesia San-yang-luo group was similar to that of control, however, Tian-ping group was faster than that of control(p

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2003

A study was under taken to investigate the appropriate explant sources of flower organ and suitable cultural conditions such as light, temperature, and sucrose in plant regeneration of Iris ensata culture. Explants of perianth, ovary, pedicel, and peduncle of Iris ensata were cultured at different daylength (0, 8, 16, 24 hour), different temperatures (10, 15, 25, 3$0^{\circ}C$), and sucrose concentrations (1, 3, 6, 9%) on MS medium. Formation of adventitious roots from explants of Iris ensata was effective in the dark, while that of adventitous shoots was effective in the light. The optimum daylength for young plant regeneration was 16 hours. The optimum temperature for shoot formation of Iris ensata explants was $25^{\circ}C$ but the formation at 10 and 15$^{\circ}C$ was ineffective. Especi-ally, perianth and ovary was effective in shoot formation from flower organ expants. T-he optimum concentration of sucrose for shoots and roots formation of Iris ensata explants was 3 and 6%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.519-528
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in lipid components of red pepper under various processing conditions such as drying, exposing to lights, extraction and storage conditions. The material used in this study were Chungyang cultivars which contained the largest amount of capsaicinoids and Dabok cultivars which is most popular among the various cultivars produced in Korea. Total lipid content of Chungyang was 15.7% and those of Dabok, Udeungsang and Hongilpum were about 17%. The neutral lipid content in free lipid of red pepper was $78.5{\sim}80.3%$ Phospholipid and glycolipid content in bound lipid were $53.8{\sim}56.9%$ and $35.3{\sim}38.7%$ respectively. The major fatty acids of lipid were linoleic, palmitic and oleic acid. Linoleic acid was presented mainly in pericarp, seed and placenta, whereas the most of palmitic acid was presented in stem. Lipid content of cut and whole red pepper were decreased $24.7{\sim}28%$ and $18.1{\sim}21.5%$ by drying for 48hrs at $65^{\circ}C$ and $95^{\circ}C$. And lipid content was also decreased $3.5{\sim}3.6%$ when the red pepper powder was exposed to 15,000 lux of incandescent light for 30 days at $40^{\circ}C$ and $4{\sim}4.9%$ to fluorescent light. The lipid was extracted the highest content of $50.5{\sim}51.7%$ by acid solution(pH2) and the lowest content by neutral solution, and the higher the salt concentration, the greater the lipid was extracted. During storage at $4^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C,\;40^{\circ}C$, for 30 days the lipid content was not much changed but linoleic acid content was decreased during storage at the same conditions.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2008

This study is intended to examine the effect of the evacuation guidance that used phosphorescent material for stairs in the event of smoke and failure of both the power to the lighting and illuminated sign. To achieve the purpose, the test stairs was established and 35 students(1st 20, 2nd 15) were examined the visibility, the convenience and the comfort of going up and down of stairs. The results of this study are as follows; The evacuation from stairs showed that the stair nosing and landing used phosphorescent material for was very effective in dark conditions(0 lux) because of the high visibility of stair nosing and the convenience and the comfort of going up and down of stairs. The phosphorescent material located on the stair nosing and stair landing will aid in evacuation from stairs in the event of failure of both the power to the lightings and illuminated sign.

• Mycobiology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.206-208
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• 2006

To produce an artificial fruiting body of Armillaria mellea on the oak sawdust medium, seven strains of A. mellea were used. The top surface of oak sawdust medium covered with ground raw carrot was inoculated with each of 7 strains and cultured for 30 days at $25^{\circ}C$ in the dark condition until the mycelia of A. mellea completely colonized the medium from top to bottom. Then, the mycelia which were fully covered on the top surface of the medium were scratched slightly with a spatula and filled with tap water for 3 hours. To induce the primordial formation, the 7 strains of A. mellea were transferred to the growth chamber under the illumination (350 lux) of 12 hours and relative humidity of $85{\pm}5%$ in a day and then cultured at $16{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Only A. mellea IUM 949 could form primordia on the sawdust medium, but the other strains did not make primordia at the same condition. The primordia of A. mellea IUM 949 were formed 10 days after complete colonization of the medium and the fruiting bodies were produced 7 days after a primordial formation. The experimental results suggested that IUM 949 strain might be a good candidate for mass production of fruiting bodies of A. mellea.

• Mycobiology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.30-33
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• 2006

To screen additives and their mixed ratio suitable for the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation of Oudemansiella radicata in the oak sawdust, additives such as rice bran, fermented soybean powder and wheat bran were used. Generally, the mycelial growth of O. radicata has been stable on oak sawdust mixed with rice bran of $5{\sim}20%$. In case that O. radicata was cultured for about 30 days at $22{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ under the illumination (350 lux) of 12 hours and moisture condition of $90{\pm}5%$, the primordia have been formed gradually from red-brown crusts covering the surface of oak sawdust media. Based on the experimental results from 9 strains of O. radicata, fruiting bodies were produced widely on oak sawdust medium mixed with rice bran of 5 to 30%. Even though fruiting bodies of O. radicata have been produced well on oak sawdust media mixed with rice bran, fruiting bodies of O. radicata were produced intensively on oak sawdust media mixed with rice bran of 10%. Therefore, this result will provide a basic information for commercial production of fruiting body of wild O. radicata. This result is the first report associated with an artificial fruiting body formation of O. radicata in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2014

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of sesame oil addition to a tuna oil-enriched emulsion during chlorophyll-photosensitized oxidation. The emulsion principally consisted of tocopherol-stripped canola and tuna oil with or without sesame oil, acetic acid, phospholipids, and xanthan gum. Chlorophyll b was added to promote the production of singlet oxygen upon exposure to light. The oxidation of oil in the emulsion was evaluated by determining the peroxide value (POV) and conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) contents. Concentrations of minor compounds in the emulsion were monitored. Increasing POV and CDA contents in the emulsion were paralleled with decreased docosahexaenoic acid during oxidation, and oxidation was inhibited by the addition of sesame oil. Chlorophyll, polyphenols, tocopherol, and phospholipids were degraded during oxidation of the emulsion; however, their degradation was slowed down by the addition of sesame oil. Lignans in the emulsions containing added sesame oil were barely changed, suggesting that they quenched singlet oxygen physically. Polyphenols were the most effective in improving the stability of tuna oil-enriched emulsions during chlorophyll-photosensitized oxidation.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2000

Anaerobic fermentation using Clostridium butyricum NCIB 9576, and photo-fermentation using Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides E15-1 were studied for the production of hydrogen from Makkoli, fruits (orange & apple, watermelon & melon) and Tofu wastewaters. From the Makkoli wastewater, which contained $0.94g/{\ell}$ sugars and $2.74g/{\ell}$ soluble starch, approximately $49mM\;H_2/{\ell}$ wastewater was produced during the initial 18h of the anaerobic fermentation with pH control between 6.5-7.0. Several organic acids such as butyric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid and ethanol were also produced. From Watemlelon and melon wastewater, which contained $43g/{\ell}$ sugars, generated about approximately $71mM\;H_2/{\ell}$ wastewater was produced during the initial 24 h of the anaerobic fermentation. Tofu wastewater, pH 6.5, containing $12.6g/{\ell}$ soluble starch and $0.74g/{\ell}$ sugars, generated about $30mM\;H_2/{\ell}$ wastewater, along with some organic acids, during the initial 24 h of anaerobic fermentation. Makkoli and Tofu wastewaters as substrates for the photo-fermentation by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides E15-1 produced approximately 37.9 and $22.2{\mu}M\;H_2/m{\ell}$ wastewaters, respectively for 9 days of incubation under the average of 9,000-10,000 lux illumination at the surface of reactor using tungsten halogen lamps. Orange and apple wastewater, which contained 93.4 g/l, produced approximately $13.1{\mu}M\;H_2/m{\ell}$ wastewater only for 2 days of photo-fermentation and the growth of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides E15-1 and hydrogen production were stopped.