• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1152-1155
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• 2007

Lately concerns about structure have been increased by advantages of floor impact noise, poilitical induction and changeability. Hence, Flat Plate Structure has been constructed increasingly. This study shows the comparison of the performance of sound insulation of Flat Plate Structure System and the existing Wall Structure. For this study, taking the same level organization of Daelim Architectural Environmental Research Center, I found the performance of sound insulation between the upper and lower floors about Wall Structure and Flat Plate Structure. Consequently, the performance of sound insulation between upper and lower floors of Flat Plate Structure was 3-5dB higher was approximately 3-5dB higher than one of Wall Structure. Especially, the performance of sound insulation on the upper floor was 1-3dB higher than on the lower floor. In addition, as the result of comparing radiation sound which radiates from the wall of lower floors with each structure system, Flat Plate Structure was about 4dB higher with Rw than Wall Structure. As we see totally, the performance of sound insulation of Flat Plate Structure is highter than one of the Wall Structure. It is 3-5dB higher and the main reason for this result depends on the existence of the wall which can radiate sound and nonexistence.

• 한국공간구조학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공간구조학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회 및 정기총회 2권1호(통권2호)
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• pp.215-226
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• 2005

To study the influence of an lower part on the seismic response of a spatial structure as the upper part of a structure, as a first step, authors subsititude the upper part and the lower part of a structure to single degree of freedom systems indivisually, and set up structural models connected by them. It is clarified that the mass ratio and the period ratio of an upper part to a lower part are important parameteres to find the amplification or reduction of the sesimic response of an upper part by considering of a lower part.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

Korean Industrial Standards for lightning protection system complies with IEC standards. However, the standards are applicable only to buildings and structures more than 20 meters in high. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether lightning protection system should be installed on structures lower than 20 meters high. This paper proposes an efficient method of assessing risk against lightning of structures lower than 20 meters high. The method suggests simplified lightning protection system and provides selecting an appropriate protection level. The suggested method assumes that structure under assessment has no lightning protection system and there is no person around the structure at the moment of lightning stroke. A simplified method of assessing the risk to human within the structure is developed by adopting the general assessment factor. The selection of a protection level is possible by comparing tolerable risk with physical damage risk caused by a direct lightning. Finally, this paper gives ways to establish surge protection measures when a structure with lightning risk is within a radius of 2km from the assessed structure even if this structure requires no lightning protection system.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2018

Large space structures exhibit different natural vibration characteristics depending on the aspect ratio of structures such as half-open angle. In addition, since the actual large space structure is mostly supported by the lower structure, it is expected that the natural vibration characteristics of the upper structure and the entire structure will vary depending on the lower structure. Therefore, in this study, the natural vibration characteristics of the dome structure are analyzed according to the natural frequency ratio by controlling the stiffness of the substructure. As the natural frequency of the substructure increases, the natural frequency of the whole structure increases similarly to the natural frequency of the upper structure. Vertical vibration modes dominate at $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, and horizontal vibration modes dominate at $60^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2002

상부벽식-하부골조 구조(복합구조)는 일반적으로 전이층을 중심으로 상부는 주거공간의 전단벽식의 고층아파트이고 하부는 상업공간의 보-기등의 골조구조이다. 이러한 구조물은 구조형식의 특성상 강성비정형, 질량비정형, 기하학적 비정형 등 비정형 형태의 특징을 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는 하부골조 구조물의 층수가 변화할 경우에 대해 복합 구조물의 비선형 거동특성과 내진성능을 파악하였다. 비선형 해석결과로부터 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 1) 비선형 정적해석의 최상층변위각과 밑면전 단력계수로부터 하부구조의 층수가 증가할 경우 구조물의 밑면전단력계수는 감소하였으나 최상층변위각은 증가하였다. 2) 하부구조의 층수가 증가할 경우 상부벽식구조의 층간변위각과 소성율은 감소하였으며, 상부벽식은 탄성상태에 가까운 거동을 하였다. 3) 하부구조의 층수가 증가할 경우 하부구조에서 층간변위각이 집중적으로 증가하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2024

Earthquakes can lead to substantial damage to buildings, with long-period ground motion being particularly destructive. The design of high-performance building structures has become a prominent focus of research. The double-story isolated structure is a novel type of isolated structure developed from base isolated structure. To delve deeper into the building performance of double-story isolated structures, the double-story isolated structure was constructed with the upper isolated layer located in different layers, alongside a base isolated structure for comparative analysis. Nonlinear elastoplastic analyses were conducted on these structures using different ground motion inputs, including ordinary ground motion, near-field impulsive ground motion, and far-field harmonic ground motion. The results demonstrate that the double-story isolated structure can extend the structural period further than the base isolated structure under three types of ground motions. The double-story isolated structure exhibits lower base shear, inter-story displacement, base isolated layer displacement, story shear, and maximum acceleration of the top layer, compared to the base isolated structure. In addition, the double-story isolated structure generates fewer plastic hinges in the frame, causes less damage to the core tube, and experiences smaller overturning moments, demonstrating excellent resistance to overturning and a shock-absorbing effect. As the upper isolated layer is positioned higher, the compressive stress on the isolated bearings of the upper isolated layer in the double-story isolated structure gradually decreases. Moreover, the compressive stress on the isolated bearings of the base isolated layer is lower compared to that of the base isolated structure. However, the shock-absorbing capacity of the double-story isolated structure is significantly increased when the upper isolated layer is located in the middle and lower section. Notably, in regions exposed to long-period ground motion, a double-story isolated structure can experience greater seismic response and reduced shock-absorbing capacity, which may be detrimental to the structure.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.7-22
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to study on the spatial characteristics from the "The Holy Trinity" fresco painted by Masaccio in the early Renaissance paintings. The results of this study are as follows. 1. The elevation composition of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is divided into the upper and lower structure through horizontal axis on horizontal line around vanishing point. The upper structure is composed of vertical axis formed through the disposition of the "Trinity" elements and horizontal axis on horizontal line. The lower structure is composed of the sarcophagus and skeleton in such inside and the altar supported through circular columns of left and right. 2. The section composition of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is composed of the ceiling structure of cylindrical-shaped vault on upper part around basic square floor plan that is interior space and upper structure. The exterior space and lower structure is placed with sarcophagus in inner part that altar and step is projected as same height and width in the outside direction. 3. The basic floor composition of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is planned by square shape around structural columns that is placed at corners as symmetry through transverse, longitudinal and diagonal axis. The whole floor composition planned through the altar and step that is in exterior space at front, the apse of round form at rear part and the structure of the middle story concept at interior. 4. The visual aspect of the "The Holy Trinity" fresco is composed of the stable balance in relation with distance and height because the interior and exterior space as well as the upper structure and lower structure is formed by regular proportion system. The elevation angle of visual range was planned to view in detail generally or partially the architectural composition system and element, characters through proper visual distance, center and position.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2007

대공간구조물은 쉘, 스페이스프레임, 막등의 지붕구조와 이를 지지하는 RC조등의 지지구조로 이루어져 있다. 이에, 단순화를 위해서 지붕구조를 상부구조라 부르고, 지지구조를 하부구조라고 한다. 본 논문에서는 하부구조가 상부구조의 지진응답에 미치는 영향을 고찰함을 그 목적으로 하고 이를 위한 기초적인 연구를 수행하였다. 상부구조와 하부구조를 각각 고유의 진동특성을 가지고 있는 단자유도계로 보고 그 각각의 독립구조물이 연결되어 하나의 2질점계 구조물을 형성한다고 가정하였다. 상부구조물이 1질점계 단독으로 존재할 때의 지진응답과 2 질점계의 상부구조로서 존재할 경우의 지진응답을 비교함으로써 그 영향을 고찰할 수 있었다. 본 논문에서는, 상부구조와 하부구조의 질량비 및 주기비가 하부구조가 상부구조에 미치는 영향을 고려할 때 중요한 설계변수가 됨을 나타내었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.830-841
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• 2004

The necessity to understand shopping orientation is increasing. Yet, there has been few research that investigated the conceptual structure of clothing shopping orientation[CSO]. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop the conceptual structure of CSO. For that purpose, both documentary and empirical researches were conducted. The documentary research was conducted to develop a theoretical structure model as a basis for exploring the conceptual structure of CSO. The empirical research was conducted to identify and modify the theoretical model so as to develop a conceptual structure model. The data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and Pearson's correlation analysis. As a result, a conceptual structure model of CSO was developed. The model consisted of three hierarchical levels of dimensions; upper-dimensions, middle-dimensions and lower-dimensions. The upper-dimensions were composed of 'economic', 'hedonic', and 'convenient' dimensions. Each upper-dimension consisted of middle-dimensions and lower-dimensions. Confirmatory factor analysis was executed to assess the fitness and cross validity of the structure model.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2009

기존에 공간구조물의 동적거동에 관한 대부분의 연구는 수치해석적 방법을 이용하여 지붕구조의 동적거동 파악을 위주로 하고있다. 그러나 실제 공간구조물의 지붕구조는 기둥 또는 벽체와 같은 하부구조에 의해 지지되므로 지진발생시 상부구조의 동적거동은 하부구조에 따라서 많은 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서 아치구조물에 대한 하부 기둥구조의 재질을 황동과 폴리카보네이트로 하고 각각의 단면 및 길이 변화와 상부 지붕구조의 추가질량에 따른 고유주기 변화특성을 파악하고자 한다. 기둥의 강성 및 추가질량의 변화에 대하여 고유주기의 변화율이 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 즉 하부 기둥구조의 강성이 상부 지붕구조의 강성과 비교하여 매우 큰 경우에 기둥구조의 강성변화나 지붕구조의 질량변화에 따른 공간구조물의 고유진동수 변화가 거의 없다.