• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2002

정보 통신 기술 활용의 중요성이 부각되고 이를 위한 소양교육이 초등학교 1학년부터 도입되었다. 본 연구는 정보 통신 기술 소양교육의 내용을 분석하고 학습에서의 개인차를 줄일 수 있는 방법을 모색하여 학습프로그램을 설계하고 구현한다. 초등학교 저학년에서 학습할 가장 기본적인 내용을 선정하며, 코스웨어를 설계함에 있어서, 학습내용의 완전습득을 위하여 형성평가와 피드백을 이용하는 완전학습 전략을 도입한다. 또한 멀티미디어를 사용하여 학습내용을 다양하게 제시함으로써 학습자의 인지활동을 도울 수 있도록 설계된다. 이를 충실히 반영하여, 학습자가 자신의 학습 속도와 흥미 및 학습수준에 맞추어 개별화 학습을 할 수 있는 코스웨어로 구현한다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.48-57
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• 2021

본 연구는 국제 학업성취도 평가인 TIMSS 2019 사전검사에서 지필 평가와 컴퓨터 기반 평가로 시행된 과학 평가 문항을 분석하여 검사 매체에 따라 문항 정답률에 영향을 미치는지를 문항 및 학년별로 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 4학년과 8학년 모두 검사 매체에 따른 과학과 문항 정답률 차이가 크지 않았다. 학년별로 살펴보면, 8학년보다는 4학년의 경우 정답률 차이가 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 문항별로 살펴보면, 선다형 문항보다는 서답형 문항의 경우 정답률 차이가 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 검사 매체 영향에 대한 과학과 평가 문항 내용을 분석한 결과로는 선다형 문항은 지필 평가와 컴퓨터 기반 평가 문항간의 차이가 거의 없었으나, 서답형 문항은 지필 평가에 비해 서답형 문항의 정답률이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 학년별로는 4학년 학생들이 8학년 학생들보다 서답형 문항에서 정답률이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 토대로, 우리나라 컴퓨터 기반 평가의 개발과 현장 도입과 관련된 시사점을 제공하고 컴퓨터 기반 평가가 학교 평가로 잘 정착하기 위한 교육적 함의를 고찰하고자 한다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.413-421
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• 2020

AI(Artificial intelligence)는 4차 산업혁명을 살고 있는 우리에게 많은 변화를 가져왔다. 무인카메라, 무인택배함 등 AI를 활용한 무인 자동시스템은 우리 삶에서 손쉽게 접할 수 있다. 따라서 미래를 살아가는 아이들에게 AI 교육은 중요한 부분을 차지하게 되었다. 그러나 현재 국내 교육은 유치원과 초등학교 저학년과 같은 어린 학생들을 위한 AI 교육 사례가 미비하다. 따라서 본 연구는 기 연구된 유치원 및 초등학교 1-2학년 SW 교육과정을 토대로 AI 기반 교수학습 활동 사례와 주제별로 AI 기반 컴퓨팅 사고력을 제시하였다. 다만, 본 교수학습 활동이 공교육에 적용되려면 충분한 수업 시간을 확보하고, 교육 환경을 개선하고, 수업활동을 적극적으로 지원해야 한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of body weight status and sleep duration on the discrete-time hazard of menarche in Korean schoolgirls using multiple-point prospective panel data. Methods: The study included 914 girls in the 2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Study who were in the elementary first-grader panel from 2010 until 2016. We used a Gompertz regression model to estimate the effects of weight status based on age-specific and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) percentile and sleep duration on an early schoolchild's conditional probability of menarche during a given time interval using general health condition and annual household income as covariates. Results: Gompertz regression of time to menarche data collected from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study 2010 suggested that being overweight or sleeping less than the recommended duration was related to an increased hazard of menarche compared to being average weight and sleeping 9 hours to 11 hours, by 1.63 times and 1.38 times, respectively, while other covariates were fixed. In contrast, being underweight was associated with a 66% lower discrete-time hazard of menarche. Conclusions: Weight status based on BMI percentiles and sleep duration in the early school years affect the hazard of menarche.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1807-1814
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of housing system on the carcass and meat qualities of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) bulls. Fourteen 6 months-old male calves were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was individually tethered using double neck-bar tethers. The second group was collectively loose-housed in the pen. They were raised for 15 months prior to slaughter. At 24 h post-slaughter chilling, the carcasses were weighed and evaluated by official grader for carcass traits. At 48 h post-slaughter chilling, the M. longissimus at the $12-13^{th}$ thoracic vertebra from each carcass was collected and stored at $4{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ for 7 days for meat quality analysis. There were no significant differences in dressing percentage and carcass yield index between groups. Meat from loose bulls had lower marbling score (p<0.05) and fat content (p<0.01) but higher PUFA concentration (p<0.001) than that from tethered bulls. There were no significant differences physical and sensory properties, aroma pattern, TBARS value, metmyoglobin concentration and CIE color values during refrigerated storage between groups. Compared to tethering, loose-housing bulls produced lower fat content and healthier meat without different physical properties, acceptability, and lipid and color stabilities.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.422-434
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• 2002

This study was conducted with 512 students in 4 primary schools located at the inner and the outskirt of K city, Northern Kyungsang Province from November 6, 2001 to November 27, 2001(during 3 weeks). This study was a research about the difference of a bullying degree and tendency of both teasing and teased students. The purpose of the study was to help nursing teachers in charge of student consultation and treatment. The findings are as follows: First, for to whom students confess their worries, students in lower grade talked to their parents while students in higher grade talked to their close friends. The higher grader, the higher rate in solving their problems by themselves. For how many students are teased by their peers in groups, 52.0％ students answered 1 or 2 students in a class. For the reasons of bully, 37.0％ higher graders answered, very selfish and putting on airs after 29.6％ lower graders answered, ugly and bad at speaking. Second, for perception of peer relation, 81.3％ students participating in the study answered, very important. For a question whether students satisfy present relation with their friends by gender, 53.7％ boys were satisfied while 34.6％ girls were satisfied. Third, for difference in bullying by gender, boys mainly teased others by using words and physical power(p<0.000) while girls estranged others. When it goes to teased students, it was the case: boys were bullied physically(p<0.000) and linguistically while girls were hurt by estrangement. Having nothing direct to do with school achievement, nursing teacher should make good use of such an advantage that students tend to easily confess their worries to them and take care of psychological aspects of students in treatment. Furthermore, it needs to include contents of bully in the regular heath care education.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.6168-6175
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• 2014

아동의 정신건강 문제가 중요하게 대두되고 있지만, 정작 아동의 학업성적과 정신건강과의 관련성을 살펴본 연구는 거의 찾을 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 초등학생의 학업성적과 우울감 경험 사이에 관련성을 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 단면적 상관관계 조사연구이며, 우울감 경험은 Children's Depression Inventory로, 학업성적은 주관적으로 느끼는 자신의 성적으로 측정하였다. 1,048명의 5 6학년을 대상으로 조사하여 분석한 결과, 학업성적과 우울감 경험 사이에 spearman correlation은 남학생 -0.31, 여학생 -0.37로 모두 유의하였다. 또한 학년, 가족의 경제수준, 자아존중감을 보정한 상태에서도 성적이 높은 그룹의 우울감 경험의 교차비는 남학생 0.34, 여학생 0.36으로 성적이 낮은 그룹보다 우울감 경험의 위험이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 학업성적이 낮은 초등학생은 향후 우울증 선별 시에 우선적으로 고려해야할 필요가 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.331-337
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• 2020

본 논문은 학위연계형 일학습병행제도의 학습근로자를 대상으로 소속 기업의 조직유효성에 대한 인식을 조사했다. 그 결과 이직의사, 직무성과는 학습근로자가 비교대상인 일반 회사원(근로자)에 비해 높게 나타났으며 조직몰입은 낮게 나타났다. 또한 학습근로자의 학년이 오르고 성적이 높을수록 직무만족이 높아지고 좋은 성적인 학습근로자의 직무소진이 줄어드는 경향을 보였으며 1학년에 비해 2, 3, 4학년이 이직의도가 높게 나타났다. 추가적으로 학습근로자의 만족요인과 불만족요인의 조사 결과 대학의 OFF-JT교육보다 현장의 OJT 관리가 강화되어야 함을 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 일학습병행제에 참여하는 기업이 학습근로자의 역량개발 뿐 아니라 교육지원, 인사관리, OJT 운영 등의 영역에서 지금보다 수준 높은 관리가 필요하며 제도적인 측면에서는 학위연계형의 발전을 위해서 학습시간 및 참여기업의 학습자관리에 대해 보완책이 필요하다는 점을 보여준다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.1059-1066
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary sulfur (S) and vitamin E (Vit E) supplementation on the quality of beef from longissimus muscle of Hanwoo bulls. Eleven, 29 months-aged Hanwoo bulls were randomly divided into three feed supplementation groups (S (n = 4), Vit E (n = 4) and S+Vit E (n = 3)). S was given as much as 12 g/head/d and Vit E was given as much as 1,200 IU/head/d; both supplements were given for 3 months prior to slaughter. At 24 h post-slaughter, the carcasses were weighed and evaluated by official grader for carcass traits. At 48 h post-slaughter, the M. longissimus from each carcass was collected and stored at $4{\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. There were no significant differences in yield and quality grades of carcass and proximate composition, physical properties and aroma pattern of meat among all groups. At 5 days of storage, the TBARS value of meat from cattle with S+Vit E supplementation was significantly lower (p<0.05) than other groups; and at 10 days of storage, the TBARS value of meat from cattle with Vit E and S+Vit E supplementations was significantly lower (p<0.05) than from cattle with S supplementation. At 5 days of storage, MetMb concentration of meat from cattle with S+Vit E supplementation was significantly lower (p<0.05) than from cattle with Vit E supplementation; and at 10 days of storage, MetMb concentration of meat from cattle with S+Vit E supplementation was significantly lower (p<0.05) than from other groups. At 10 days of storage, the redness value of meat from cattle with S supplementation was significantly higher (p<0.05) than from cattle with Vit E supplementation and the hue-angle value of meat from cattle with S and S+Vit E supplementations was significantly lower (p<0.05) than from cattle with Vit E supplementation. Dietary Vit E supplementation had a better effect on lipid stability whereas dietary S supplementation had a better effect on OxyMb stability. The dietary combination of S and Vit E created the highest protection for beef from myoglobin oxidation and thus improved the color stability of meat.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2003

The present study was designed to evaluate the factors influential on stress and subjective fatigue symptoms based on school life environments and daily life styles among high school students. The self-administered questionnaires were delivered to 2,381 high school students of both sexes in Taejon Metropolitan city during the period from Mar. 1st to Jun. 30th, 2000. The analysis of study results revealed the following findings: 1. According to the magnitude of stress, the normal subjects were 3.1%, the groups with potential stress were 64.7%, and the groups at high risk for stress were 32.2%. Higher level of stress existed in the female than the male students, and in the third grader than the 1st and 2nd graders. According to the classification of typical constitutional symptoms of fatigue, category III (group with bodily projection of fatigue) was the most frequent and it was followed by category II (group with difficulty in concentration) and category I (group with dullness and sleepiness) in a decreasing order of frequency, which showed that the predominant pattern of fatigue arose from the body parts. 2. With regard to the school life characteristics and stress scores, the higher scores of stress were shown in the groups with the lower grades, with worse friend's relation and with the lower satisfaction with the school life. The scores for the subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the male, in the low graders, in the better friend's relation, and in the satisfactory group than the respective counterparts. 3. Concerning home life characteristics, the higher scores of stress were associated with the students characterized by the recognized poor economic conditions, lower interests of parents, lack of satisfaction with the home life, the poor subjective health status. On the other hand, the scores for the subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the student groups with good economic conditions, higher interests of parents, presence of satisfaction with the home life, and good subjective health status. 4. Concerning daily life styles, the higher scores of stress were in the students who had inappropriate sleep hours, skipped breakfasts, daily consumption of intermeal snacks, lack of exercise, daily smoking, normal indices of obesity, and lower indices of health habit. Conversely, the scores of subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the groups who had daily breakfasts, no intermeal snacks, daily exercise, no smoking than their counterparts. 5. The factors exerting influence upon the stress included the satisfaction with school life, friend's relation, satisfaction with the home life, exercise, school grades, interests of parents, school year, sex, scores of health habit, degree of obesity, economic conditions of home. Those influencing on the degree os stress included stress, intermeal snacks, smoking, friend's relation and satisfaction with the home life.