• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.921-935
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• 2017

이 연구의 목적은 소외계층학생을 대상으로 실시된 국내 과학교육연구 문헌들을 분석하여 이에 대한 연구의 동향을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 1984년부터 2017년 2월까지 KCI 등재 등재후보 학술지와 국내 석 박사 학위 논문 중 장애, 저소득, 농산어촌, 다문화, 탈북, 학업위기, 기타소외 학생을 대상으로 수행된 과학교육 연구 문헌들을 수집하여 이를 연구 출처, 수행 연도, 연구 대상, 연구 설계, 연구방법, 연구 내용으로 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 총 125편의 학술지 논문과 147편의 학위 논문이 수집 되었다. 이중 장애학생에 대한 연구가 61%, 학습부진학생 20%, 탈북 학생에 대한 과학교육 연구는 6%였고 나머지 소외계층학생집단에 대한 연구는 모두 5%미만의 수치를 보여주었다. 연구 연도에 따른 분석 결과 1984년부터 주로 장애학생과 학습위기학생을 대상으로 한 과학교육 연구를 중심으로 지속적으로 증가하던 소외계층학생 대상 과학교육 연구는 2008년을 전후하여 급격한 증가를 보여주었고 이후 매년 20편이상의 연구들이 수행되었다. 분석된 논문의 58%가 양적연구, 28%가 질적연구 그리고 14%가 혼합연구 설계를 사용하였다. 연구 방법에 있어서는 실험 연구 30%, 해석연구 22%, 상관 연구 20%, 그리고 조사 연구가 14%를 차지하였다. 논문의 핵심어를 추출하여 연구내용의 특성을 분석한 결과 소외계층학생을 대상으로 한 과학교육 연구들은 연구 대상자들의 특성을 포함한 다양한 연구내용을 다루고 있었지만 여러 연구에서 지속적이고 집중적으로 다루어진 핵심어는 관찰되지 않았다. 각 소외계층학생에 대한 과학교육 연구들의 집단별 핵심어의 구조적 관계를 분석한 결과 핵심어 중 '학업성취도'가 매개정도와 연결강도가 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2002

This study was carried out to compare the meal management attitudes among the mothers(41 years of age) who had middle school students between in industrial complex and in non-industrial complex. The subjects of each group were composed of 192 mothers Living in Ansan city in Korea, and this study was performed by self-administered questionnaire. The results of the present study were as follows: (1) Monthly family income and education level of parents were lower in industrial complex-family(ICF) than in non-industrial complex-family (NICF). The mean age of mothers and family size were similar in two groups, but the frequency of mothers employed was higher in ICF than in NICF Most mothers in ICF worked as a manual- or skilled-laborer. (2) The mothers in ICF tended to have less positive attitude in sewing balanced meals to their families than those in NICF. The score of nutritional knowledge was lower in mothers in ICF than those in NICF. (3) The percentage of expense for purchasing staple foods to total expense of foods tended to be higher in ICF than in NICF. Engel's coefficient was higher, and the frequency and expense for eating out was lower in ICF than in NICF (4) The mothers in ICF did not try to use their time and energy efficiently for meal management. (5) The mothers in ICF were less active in sewing the pleasurable meals including the provision of various cooking methods, flavors, and temperatures, to their families, than those in NICF. Above findings show that family environment such as industrial complex-families and non-industrial complex-families influences the meal management attitudes of mothers. The mothers in ICF had a less positive altitudes for scientific meal managements than those in NICF even though they had the limited resources including money, time and energy for meal management because most mothers in ICF had a job that were paid low salary and finished irregularly or late. Therefore, these results underscore the need to provide the sound nutritional education for the mothers in ICF with respect to reasonable meal management for 'optimal nutrition of family'. In addition, the government should try to make the various welfare policies to improve nutritional status of low income famines including the poor industrial complex-families.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권50호
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• pp.320.1-320.8
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• 2018

Background: Muscle mass and muscle function are related to depressed mood in studies of adults. Like adults, Korean students are highly likely to suffer from decreased muscle mass due to social conditions. In this study, we evaluated the muscle mass status of Korean adolescents and assess the effect of muscle on depressive mood. Methods: A total of 1,233 adolescent boys and girls participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled in our study. Participants underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for assessment of appendicular muscle mass and completed questionnaires regarding depressed mood, stress, suicidal ideations, and attempts. Results: There was no difference in depressive mood according to muscle mass among boys (P = 0.634); girls with decreased muscle mass had a greater tendency for depressed mood compared to girls with optimal muscle mass (P = 0.023). After adjusting for age, waist circumference-to-height ratio, smoking status, alcohol consumption, frequency of physical activity, self-reported obesity, weight-loss efforts, and monthly household income, girls with low muscle mass (LMM) were 2.60 times more at risk of developing depression than girls with normal muscle mass (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-6.49; P = 0.040). This trend was similar for girls with LMM with obesity (95% CI, 1.00-11.97; P = 0.049). Conclusion: Adolescent girls who have insufficient muscle mass are more likely to report depressed mood than girls who have ideal muscle mass. Interventions for maintaining proper muscle mass are required.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1747-1753
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• 2013

Background: It is projected that low and middle-income countries will bear a major burden of tobacco related morbidity and mortality, yet, only limited information is available on the determinants of smoking initiation among youth in Africa. This study aimed to assess the determinants of smoking initiation and susceptibility to future smoking among a population of high school school students in Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Baseline data from an intervention study designed to assess the effect of an anti-smoking awareness program on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of adolescents was analyzed. The survey was carried out in six randomly selected public and private secondary schools in local government areas in Lagos state, Nigeria. A total of 973 students completed self-administered questionnaires on smoking initiation, health related knowledge and attitudes towards smoking, susceptibility to future smoking and other factors associated with smoking. Results: Of the respondents, 9.7% had initiated smoking tobacco products with the predominant form being cigarettes (7.3%). Males (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.65-4.66) and those with more pro-smoking attitudes (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.34-1.54) were more likely to have initiated smoking. Those with parents and friends who are smokers were 3.47 (95%CI: 1.50-8.05) and 2.26 (95%CI: 1.27-4.01) times more likely to have initiated smoking. Non-smoking students, in privately owned schools (OR: 5.08), with friends who smoke (5.09), with lower knowledge (OR: 0.87) and more pro-smoking attitudes (OR 1.13) were more susceptible to future smoking. In addition, respondents who had been sent to purchase cigarettes by an older adult (OR: 3.68) were also more susceptible to future smoking. Conclusions: Being male and having parents who smoke are predictors of smoking initiation among these students. Consistent with findings in other countries, peers not only influence smoking initiation but also influence smoking susceptibility among youth in this African setting. Prevention programs designed to reduce tobacco use among in-school youth should take these factors into consideration. In line with the recommendations of article 16 of the WHO FCTC, efforts to enforce the ban on the sales of cigarettes to minors should be also emphasised.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2021

Background and objective: Education based on agricultural experience in school gardens is coming to the fore as a solution to reduce the negative effect of rapid urbanization and the development of information technology (IT) on students. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate how parents of elementary, middle, and high school students in Korea perceive the value of education service using school gardens, as well as their willingness to participate in and pay for such service, and to utilize the results in a quantitative assessment of the socioeconomic value of the education service. Methods: A contactless online survey on the perceived value of education service using school gardens was conducted on 1,010 parents of elementary, middle, and high school students in Korea's five major districts from October 22 to 26 (5 days) of 2020 by M, a Korean specialized survey agency. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS for Windows 25.0 and Excel to obtain the frequency and ratio of each measured item. Results: The respondents had an average of 1.83, of which 52.8% were male. 55.3% of the respondents were aware of the education service using school gardens, and 27.9% experienced the service. When asked if they saw the educational service using school gardens as necessary, 79% answered in the affirmative. In terms of the difference in perception of the need for the service according to experience, 91.8% of the parents who experienced the service responded that it was necessary, indicating that it is important to provide opportunities to experience this service to expand the scope of service. 54.9% of all respondents responded they were willing to pay the costs required for school gardens. When income tax was used as a payment method, the average amount parents were willing to pay was 13,193 KRW, and the tax rate was 2.02%. Based on experience, those who experienced this service had a higher need and willingness to pay for the service than those who had not experience, but the actual amount or tax rate was low as they knew how it was operated. Conclusion: As basic research on the assessment of the value of agricultural experience education using school gardens, this study determined how parents perceive this form of education service as well as their willingness to participate and pay for the service. These findings can be used to systemize the assessment indicators and promote the value of the education service using school gardens, allowing students to maintain a healthy and happy school life through agricultural experience.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2014

본 연구는 온라인 교육기관에서 보육교사 자격취득 과정을 수강하고 있는 교육생을 대상으로 보육교사 자격취득 동기와 진로의사결정수준에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지 t검증, F검증, scheffe 사후검증, 위계적 회귀분석 등을 통하여 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 실증분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교육생의 배경변인에 따라 자격취득 동기가 달랐는데 즉, 소득이 낮은 집단은 낮은 집단보다 생계를 위한 자격취득 동기가 높았고, 학력이 낮은 집단은 높은 집단보다 보육교사 자격취득을 통한 자아실현 욕구가 강한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교육생의 진로의사결정은 연령에 따라 차이가 있었는데, 연령이 낮을수록 타인의 의견에 따라 의사결정을 하는 의존적 진로의사결정수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교육생의 합리적, 직관적, 의존적 진로의사결정수준에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변인은 각기 다른 것으로 나타났는데, 합리적 진로의사결정수준의 결정요인은 연령, 생계를 위한 자격취득 동기, 미래를 위한 자격취득 동기였으며, 직관적 진로의사결정수준의 결정요인은 연령이었고, 의존적 진로의사결정수준의 결정요인은 생계를 위한 자격취득 동기인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.25-42
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• 2004

This study set out to investigate the relations between middle school students' perception of body image and their allowance for plastic surgery, to understand their perception of body image and desire for plastic surgery, and provide some data needed to warn against reckless plastic surgery and guide the students effectively. For those purposes, an examination was conducted of the relationships between the individual characteristics and perception levels of body image, the individual characteristics and allowance for plastic surgery, and perception levels of body image and allowance for plastic surgery. The subjects were drawn from sour middle schools located in two regions of Gyeonggi Province. Total 922 boys and girls were surveyed on a questionnaire, which was developed based on the pretest of previous literature, reviewed for appropriateness, and tested for reliability and reasonableness. The body image on the five scale was greater as the perception level was higher. The allowance for plastic surgery was also greater as the scores were more. The findings were as follows: First, the relationships between individual characteristics and perception levels of body image were examined. The third graders showed the highest perception level, being followed by the first and second graders. The girls were more perceptive than the boys, and those who were extrovert were more perceptive than those who were introvert. Those students whose parents earned 2 million won or more a month and who adapted themselves to the environmental changes had a higher perception level. In a word, the girls from the middle class that were well adapted, felt happy, and were extrovert had a higher perception level of body image. Second, the connections between individual characteristics and allowance for plastic surgery were investigated. The third graders were the most admissive of plastic surgery, followed by the second and first graders. That is, the upper graders were more admissive of plastic surgery. In addition, the girls were more admissive than the boys, and those who were extrovert were more than those who were introvert. There were no significant differences according to the monthly income of the parents, grades, adaptability to surroundings, and happiness, which results almost resembled the findings of a study conducted on adults. Third, there were negative correlations found between the perception levels of body image and the allowance for plastic surgery. To elaborate, the higher the perception levels were, the lower the allowance was, and vice versa. As for the items, the subjects showed more allowance for plastic surgery when they scored less in the item of caring about appearance, importance of looking pretty to others, and efforts to improve appearance. When they had a low value of body and easily felt tired, they were highly acceptive of plastic surgery. The allowance for plastic surgery was also great when their perception was much of how healthy they felt, how important they felt about their bodies, how they were satisfied with their current appearances, how they evaluated the appearance of others, how much they were satisfied physically, and how much demanding they were for physical changes. Meanwhile, there were no correlations between the allowance and physical attraction, the degree for one's activities to be hindered, and sickness. In short, the demand for plastic surgery was 41% for the girls and 20.2% for the boys. Just as the study on adults reported, those who had a low or negative perception of body image were more acceptive of plastic surgery. The middle school students were generally positive about their bodies with the lowest perception level at 2.91 and the highest at 3.21. Their individual allowance for plastic surgery was related to their individual body images, which were in turn affected by the mass communication, surrounding environments, and social values. Thus it's necessary for the entire society to try to improve or change the overall perception. Helping measures should be taken so that the students can form right sense of values about their bodies, avoid the obsession with appearance and appearance-based evaluation, and exercise righteous criteria against humans beings and things. In conclusions, the following suggestions were made: they need to develop such questionnaires or tools as can measure the body image of teens and fit the reality. Moreover, body image improvement programs should be more diverse and more applicable to teens. Despite the consistent reports that prove the correlations between body image and plastic surgery, there has been little effort to apply such factors as experience of the life of the disabled, volunteer activities for the disabled and at the hospitals, and others that can induce changes to body image to the body image improvement programs. In the future, comparative research should be carried out on body image and plastic surgery.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 1979

1) 본도주민(本島住民)은 가족계획(家族計劃)이 잘 안된 탓인지 가구당(家口當) 인구수(人口數)가 많은 편(便)이고 생활정도(生活程度)가 영세성(零細性)을 벗어나지 못하므로 식생활(食生活)에 있어서 1인(人) 1일(日) 평균섭취량(平均擺取量)이 표(表)8에서 볼 수 있는 바와 같이 저조(低調)하다. 2) 이것은 1973년(年) 이(李)의 조사내용(調査內容)보다도 지방(脂肪)을 제외(除外)하면 전반적으로 열세(劣勢)하다. 3) 따라서 Hb량도 현저하게 부족하였고 체위(體位)의 발달도(發達度)도 국민학생(國民學生)이나 중학생(中學生)이 다같이 극히 소수인 연령(年齡)층을 제외하고는 전반적으로 우리나라 표준치(標準値)와 경기도교위(京畿道敎委)의 수치(數値) 및 일본의 체위(體位)에 미달(未達)이였다. 가정아(家庭兒), 보육원아(保育園兒) 및 체육중학생(體育中學生)의 동년령(同年齡)인 12재군(才群)의 평균치(平均値)와 우리나라 표준치(標準値) 및 위도(蝟島)의 학생(學生)들의 체위(體位)와 비교(比較)할 때 위도학생(蝟島學生)들이 우리나라 표준치(標準値)와는 비슷하나 보육원아(保育園兒)보다는 약간(若干) 낮은 편(便)이였다. 그러나 일반 가정아(家庭兒)보다는 뒤떨어지고 체육중학생(體育中學生)보다는 3년(年)이나 뒤떨어진 정도(程度)로 체위(體位)의 발달도(發達度)가 저조(低調)하였다. 따라서 결론적(結論的)으로 말하자면, 가. 체력(體力)은 국력(國力)이라고도 하는데 그러한 체력(體力)의 증강(增强)을 위해서는 먼저 체위(體位)의 발달(發達)을 도모(圖謀)해야 하고, 나. 그러기 위해서는 연령별(年齡別), 성별(性別)에 따르는 1인(人)1일(日) 권장량(勸奬量)을 충분(充分)히 섭취(攝取)해야 하며 그럴 경우(境遇) Hb량도 늘어날 것이다. 다. 또 이와 같은 사실(事實) 즉(卽) 체위(體位)의 발달도(發達度)가 연령(年齡)과 성별(性別)에 따르는 우리나라 표준치(標準値)에 미달(未達)이며 식물(食物)의 섭취량(攝取量)도 권장량(勸奬量)에 미급(未及)하다는 것을 국민학생(國民學生)이나 중학생(中學生)들에게 직접(直接) 알려주고 주민(住民)들에게도 이와같은 사실(事實)을 P.R를 통(通)하여 이의 보완(補完)에 노력(努力)할 것을 촉구(促求)해야 한다고 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1277-1284
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• 2016

Background: Early detection is a critical part of reducing the burden of breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) has been found to be an especially important early detection strategy in low and middle income countries such as Malaysia. Although reports indicate that Malaysian women report an increase in BSE activity in recent years, additional research is needed to explore factors that may help to increase this behavior among Southeastern Asian women. Objective: This study is the first of its kind to explore how the predicting variables of self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and body image factors correlate with self-reports of past BSE, and intention to conduct future breast self-exams among female students in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: Through the analysis of data collected from a prior study of female students from nine Malaysian universities (n=842), this study found that self-efficacy, perceived barriers and specific body image sub-constructs (MBSRQ-Appearance Scales) were correlated with, and at times predicted, both the likelihood of past BSE and the intention to conduct breast self-exams in the future. Results: Self-efficacy (SE) positively predicted the likelihood of past self-exam behavior, and intention to conduct future breast self-exams. Perceived barriers (BR) negatively predicted past behavior and future intention of breast self-exams. The body image sub-constructs of appearance evaluation (AE) and overweight preoccupation (OWP) predicted the likelihood of past behavior but did not predict intention for future behavior. Appearance orientation (AO) had a somewhat opposite effect: AO did not correlate with or predict past behavior but did correlate with intention to conduct breast self-exams in the future. The body image sub-constructs of body area satisfaction (BASS) and self-classified weight (SCW) showed no correlation with the subjects' past breast self-exam behavior nor with their intention to conduct breast self-exams in the future. Conclusions: Findings from this study indicate that both self-efficacy and perceived barriers to BSE are significant psychosocial factors that influence BSE behavior. These results suggest that health promotion interventions that help enhance self-efficacy and reduce perceived barriers have the potential to increase the intentions of Malaysian women to perform breast self-exams, which can promote early detection of breast cancers. Future research should evaluate targeted communication interventions for addressing self-efficacy and perceived barriers to breast self-exams with at-risk Malaysian women. and further explore the relationship between BSE and body image.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.59-78
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• 2005

This study aims to know the deferences of hair fashion feeling group in accordance with hair styling activities, general characteristics, life styles objecting to capital area university women students and aid to hair fashion design. So the results are as belows. 1. Frequency Analysis of Categories A. Hair fashion feeling - Natural, sexy, romantic pretty, sophisticate, ethnic are 90% in total hair fashion feeling variables in sequence of frequency, so it can be said these are in vogue. B. Hair styling activities - The objections visit the hair salon once 1-2months, spend about 42,000 won a month, perform cut & wave perm to sentimental reasens & hair style changes, determine the hair style well coordinated in her image and managed easily. In her home, they manage her hair style 12 minutes a day, spend 17,000 won to buy hair aids, do hair blow dry or pin or pony tail mainly in the morning, scarcely use the hair styling aids but if use, essence or wax mainly. And the degree of interest to hair style is high. C. General Characteristics - The objections's average age is 21.1, residence is seoul kangnam 23.3%, seoul kangbook 18.4%, other capital areas 58.4%, the degree of education is university students 94.9%, graduated student 5.1%, marriage is married 96%, unmarried 2.8%, family who live with is married are mainly man & woman and living with father & mother in low in man's, unmarried are mainly live alone & nuclear family, personal expenses a month is 300,000 won in average, income of home is 4,000,000 won a month. D. Life style - The objections are not in interest of physical exercises but if are, do yoga & health, like drama & comedies program, watch TV or meet friend in leisure time, like balad & dance music, fashion magazine, meet friend in cafe or college. 2. Relationship of hair fashion feeling & other variables Using the $x^2$-test, level p<0.05, Hair styling activities(frequency of hair salon coming in and out, ordinary time representing hair style, preferred hair styling aids, the amount of hair style interest), General Characteristics(age), Life style(leisure time) variables are meaningful.