• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.72-80
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• 1991

조석이 작용하는 흐름장에 있어서 염수쐐기의 거동특성을 파악하여, 실제의 하구에서 생성되는 비정상적염수쐐기의 형상과 그 길이를 정확하게 예측할 수 있는 수치모델의 구축을 목적으로, 수리실험 및 수치계산을 행하였다. 실험에서는 특히 조시에 따른 염수쐐기의 하층에서의 유속분포의 변화와 선단부의 거동에 주목하였다. 또한 점변일차원이층부정류모델에 의한 염수쐐기 형상의 수치계산을 행하여 실험결과와의 비교에 의해 그 모델의 적용성에 대하여 검토하였다.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2001년도 제33회 춘계학술대회 개최
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• pp.105-113
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• 2001

The effect of silver particle introduction on the rolling friction of AISI 52100 steel pairs has been investigated. Experiments were performed in dry conditions using a thrust bearing-type rolling test rig at a load range of 12 - 960 N and a sliding velocity range of 8 - 785 mm/sec with pure(99.99%) silver particles. Results showed that the introduced silver particles formed transfer layer, which protected virgin bearing surfaces and resulted in low rolling friction. By changing the quantity of silver particles, transitions in the rolling friction wear found. Results also showed that the variations in normal load and rolling speed also affected the rolling friction behavior. Analyses using SEM and EPMA showed that tile formation of transfer layer was mainly governed by the silver particle quantity, normal load and rolling speed, and this resulted in the different behavior of rolling friction. In this study, it was found that the low and stable rolling friction was resulted from the shakedown phenomena occurred at the silver transfer layer.

• 소음진동
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.313-325
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• 1995

Two active/passive vibration dampers were designed to control a cantilever beam first mode of vibration. The active element was a piezoelectric polymer, polyvinlidene fluoride (PVDF). The passive damping was provided by the application of a viscoelastic layer on the surface of the steel beam. Two substantially different damper configurations were designed and tested. One damper consisted of a piezoelectric actuator bonded to one face of the beam, with a viscoelastic layer applied to the other surface of the beam. The second one was composed of a layer viscoeastic layer with one surface bonded to the beam, and with other being constrained by nine piezoelectric actuators connected in parallel. A control law based on the sign of the angular velocity of the cantilever beam was implemented to control the beam first mode of vibration. The piezoelectric sensor output was digitally differentiated to obtain the transverse linear velocity, and its sign was used in the control algorith. Two dampers provided the system a damping increase of a factor of four for the first damper and three for the second damper. Both dampers were found to work well at low levels of vibration, suggesting that they can be used effectively to prevent resonant vibrations in flexible structure from initiating and building up.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.923-937
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• 2016

The common prospect in diminishing mine-blast vibration is decreasing vibration with increasing distance. This paper indicates that, contrary to the general expectancy, vibration waves change their forms when they are travelling through the low velocity layer like coal and so-called guided waves moving the vibration waves to longer distances without decreasing their amplitudes. The reason for this unexpected vibration increase is the formation of guided waves in the coal bed which has low density and low seismic velocity with respect to the neighboring layers. The amplitudes of these guided waves, that are capable of traveling long distances depending on the seam thickness, are several times higher than that of the usual vibration waves. This phenomenon can many complaints from the residential areas very far away from the blasting sites. Thus, this unexpected behavior of the coal beds in the surface coal mines should also be considered in vibration minimization studies. This study developed a model to predict the effects of guided waves on the propagation ways of blast-induced vibrations. Therefore, vibration mitigation studies considering the nearby buildings can be focused on these target places.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.291-302
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• 2008

Three-dimensional engineering simulations of momentum-driven tornado-like vortices are conducted to investigate the flow dynamics dependency on swirl ratio and the possible relation with real tornado Fujita scales. Numerical results are benchmarked against the laboratory experimental results of Baker (1981) for a fixed swirl ratio: S = 0.28. The simulations are then extended for higher swirl ratios up to S = 2 and the variation of the velocity and pressure flow fields are observed. The flow evolves from the formation of a laminar vortex at low swirl ratio to turbulent vortex breakdown, followed by the vortex touch down at higher swirls. The high swirl ratios results are further matched with full scale data from the Spencer, South Dakota F4 tornado of May 30, 1998 (Sarkar, et al. 2005) and approximate velocity and length scales are determined.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.153-154
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• 2002

Wear map of silver coatings on AISI 52100 has been constructed to delineate the wear transition behavior with the change in operating conditions in various environments. Three main regimes were clearly identified: (i) elastic/plastic deformation of silver coating without failure. (ii) mild wear regime after initial failure of silver coating and (iii) severe wear regime. In the mild wear regime, the contact surfaces were covered with transfer layers of agglomerated wear particles. The transfer layer acted as a protective layer and resulted in low friction even after the initial failure of the coated films, whose characteristics were strongly dependent on both the operating and environmental conditions. Also, the existence of the critical sliding speed, above which no transfer layer was able to form, was discussed in the work.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.777-784
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• 2000

A Navier-Stokes code based on an unstructured finite volume method is used to simulate the MIT flapping foil experiment. A low Reynolds number ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model is used to close the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Computations are carried out for the whole experimental domain involving two flapping foils and a downstream hydrofoil. The computational domain is meshed with unstructured quadrilateral elements, partly structured. Numerical solutions show good agreement with experiment. The first harmonics of the velocity in the boundary layer shows local peak value inside the boundary layer and also local minimum near the edge of boundary layer. It is intensified as it develops along the blade surface. This is shown to be caused as the unsteadiness inside the boundary layer is being convected at a speed less than the free stream value. It is also shown that there is negligible mixing of the unsteadiness between the boundary layer and the free stream.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2013

In order to apply nano imprint technology in large area process, roller pressing is promising because of its low cost and high productivity. When pressing mold by roller, liquid resin is locally squeezed between mold and substrate. In this study, the main focus is to understand which process parameter affects residual layer. To do this, a simple analytical model was introduced. Especially, we consider the aspect ratio of patterns as essential cause of variation of the thickness in the equation. As a result, when the aspect ratio of pattern in the mold increases, the thickness of residual layer also increases. In conclusion, we show that the uniformity of residual layer could be accomplished by the control of velocity and pressing force in roller pressing imprint process.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.635-644
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• 1986

A Compuressible turbulent boundary layer effect of the high temperature, accelerating gas flow through the De-Laval nozzle on combustion chamber pressure is numerically investigated. For this purpose, the coupled momentum integral equation and energy integral equation are solved by the Bartz method, and 1/7 power law for both the turbulent boundary layer velocity distribution and temperature distribution is assumed. As far as the boundary layer thicknesses are concerned, we can obtain reasonable solutions even if relatively simple approximations to the skin friction coefficient and stanton number have been used. The effects of nozzle wall cooling and/or mass flow rate on the boundary layer thicknesses and the combustion chamber pressure are studied. Specifically, negative displacement thickness is appeared as the ratio of the nozzle wall temperature to the stagnation temperature of the free stream decreases, and, consequently, it makes the combustion chamber pressure low.

• Advanced Composite Materials
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.45-61
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• 2007

This paper describes a damage accumulation mechanism in cross-ply CFRP laminates $[0_2/90_2]_{2S}$ subjected to out-of-plane loading. Drop-weight impact and static indentation tests were carried out, and induced damage was observed by ultrasonic C-scan and an optical microscope. Both tests gave essentially the same results for damage modes, sizes, and load-deformation history. First, a crack occurred in the bottom $0^{\circ}$ layer accompanying some delamination along the crack caused by bending stress. Then, transverse cracks occurred in the middle $90^{\circ}$ layer with decreasing contact force between the specimen and the indenter. Measured local strains near the impact point showed that the stress state changed from a bending dominant state to an in-plane tensile dominant state. A cohesive interface element was used to simulate the propagation of multiple delaminations and transverse cracks under static indentation. Two types of analytical models are considered, one with multiple delaminations and the other with both multiple delaminations and transverse cracks. The damage obtained for the model with only multiple delaminations was quite different from that obtained from the experiment. However, the results obtained from the model with both delaminations and transverse cracks well explain the characteristics of the damage obtained in the experiment. The existence of the transverse cracks is essential to form the characteristic impact damage.