• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.85-90
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• 2003

Among rail defects, the transverse crack, which has been the most dangerous fatigue damage, is developed from shelling near the rail running face and grows perpendicular to the rail surface. Moreover, the crack has occurred frequently fatigue damage during winter. Therefore, to assure the safety of railway vehicles, it is necessary to investigate growth behavior of transverse crack for rail steel. In this study, fatigue crack growth behavior of rail steel and its gas pressure welded part at room and low temperature are performed. The fatigue crack growth rate of the welded part was lower than that of the base part within a lower ${\Delta}K$ region at both room and low temperature, and this difference decreases with increasing the ${\Delta}K$ due to the decrease of the fracture toughness.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.203-204
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• 2016

In this research, it used cement power and reduction slag, which generates high hydration heat in hydration reation without heat cure below -5℃ degree. Purpose of final research is preventing freezing and thawing by making the compressive strength 5MPa in 3days below zero temperature due to own heat of concrete. and it is the result of physical characteristic and thermal property evaluation of reduction slag. Because reduction sag generates high hydration heat, compressive strength development is excellent. By generating highly Hydration heat by C₁₂A₇ and C₃A in reduction slag, compressive strength is developed in low temperature. In case of displacing only reduction slag without SO₃, it is indicated that quick-setting occurs by shortage of SO₃. For preventing quick-setting, gypsum is used essentially. According to this research result, in case of using reduction slag and gypsum as a ternary system, Compressive strength developed 5MPa in 3days below zero temperature. It is identified to prevent early frost damage of concrete below zero temperature.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.3424-3432
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• 1996

For mechanical system operating at high temperature, damage due to the interaction effect of creep and fatigue plays an important role. The objective of this paper is to develop a modified creep-fatigue damage model which separately analyzes the pure creep damage for hold time and the creep-fatigue interaction damage during startup and shutdown period. The creep damage was calculated by the general creep damage equation and the creep-fatigue interaction damage was calculated by the modified equation which is based on the frequency modified strain range method with strain rate term. In order to verify the proposed model, a service of high temperature low cycle fatigue tests were performed. The test specimens were made from inconel-718 superalloy and the test parameters were wave shape and hold time. A good agreement between the predicted lives based on the proposed model and experimentally obtained ones was observed.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.605-619
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• 2024

The increase of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content in recycled asphalt concrete (RAC) is accompanied by the degradation of low-temperature cracking resistance, which has become an obstacle to the development of RAC. This paper aims to reveal the meso-scale mechanisms of the low-temperature fracture behavior of RAC and provide a theoretical basis for the economical recycling of RAP. For this purpose, micromechanical heterogeneous peridynamic model of RAC was established and validated by comparing three-point bending (TPB) test results against corresponding numerical simulation results of RAC with 50% RAP content. Furthermore, the models with different aggregate shapes (i.e., average aggregates circularity (${\bar{C_r}}=1.00$, 0.75, and 0.50) and RAP content (i.e., 0%, 15%, 30%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were constructed to investigate the effect of aggregate shape and RAP content on the low-temperature cracking resistance. The results show that peridynamic models can accurately simulate the low-temperature fracture behavior of RAC, with only 2.9% and 13.9% differences from the TPB test in flexural strength and failure strain, respectively. On the meso-scale, the damage in the RAC is mainly controlled by horizontal tensile stress and the stress concentration appears in the interface transition zone (ITZ). Aggregate shape has a significant effect on the low-temperature fracture resistance, i.e., higher aggregate circularity leads to better low-temperature performance. The large number of microcracks generated during the damage evolution process for the peridynamic model with circular aggregates contributes to slowing down the fracture, whereas the severe stress concentration at the corners leads to the fracture of the aggregates with low circularity under lower stress levels. The effect of RAP content below 30% or above 50% is not significant, but a substantial reduction (16.9% in flexural strength and 16.4% in failure strain) is observed between the RAP content of 30% and 50%. This reduction is mainly attributed to the fact that the damage in the ITZ region transfers significantly to the aggregates, especially the RAP aggregates, when the RAP content ranges from 30% to 50%.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.859-880
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• 2016

This study aims to establish an effective methodology for the detection of instant damages occurred in cable-stayed bridges with the measurements of cable vibration and structural temperatures. A transfer coefficient for the daily temperature variation and another for the long-term temperature variation are firstly determined to eliminate the environmental temperature effects from the cable force variation. Several thresholds corresponding to different levels of exceedance probability are then obtained to decide four upper criteria and four lower criteria for damage detection. With these criteria, the monitoring data for three stay cables of Ai-Lan Bridge are analyzed and compared to verify the proposed damage detection methodology. The simulated results to consider various damage scenarios unambiguously indicate that the damages with cable force changes larger than ${\pm}1%$ can be confidently detected. As for the required time to detect damage, it is found that the cases with ${\pm}2%$ of cable force change can be discovered in no more than 6 hours and those with ${\pm}1.5%$ of cable force change can be identified in at most 9 hours. This methodology is also investigated for more lightly monitored cases where only the air temperature measurement is available. Under such circumstances, the damages with cable force changes larger than ${\pm}1.5%$ can be detected within 12 hours. Even though not exhaustively reflecting the environmental temperature effects on the cable force variation, both the effective temperature and the air temperature can be considered as valid indices to eliminate these effects at high and low monitoring costs.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2017

국내 한랭지역(강원권)의 경우 낮은 연평균 기온에 의한 도로터널 라이닝 내구성에 문제가 발생하게 된다. 이에 따라 라이닝에 균열, 망상균열, 박락, 박리, 누수 등의 문제가 발생하며, 해마다 경제적 손실 및 인명피해가 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 하지만 국내에서는 기온에 따른 도로터널 라이닝의 피해에 대한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 한랭지(강원권) 터널 70개를 조사함으로써 현재 한랭지역의 피해현황을 분석하였고, 같은 한랭지역 중 비교적 따뜻한 기온을 가지는 강릉 지역과 기온이 낮은 홍천 지역의 터널 라이닝 피해를 비교함으로써 기온이 도로터널 라이닝에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.3-3
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• 2007

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2016

$-20^{\circ}C$이하의 극저온조건에서 타설되는 콘크리트는 초기동해 방지를 위해 적절한 급열을 포함한 보온양생이 이루어져야 하는데, 현재까지 국내에서 극저온조건의 효율적인 보온양생 방법이 제시된 경우가 드문 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 $-20^{\circ}C$의 극한조건에서 시공되는 콘크리트의 초기동해 방지를 위한 효율적인 보온양생방법을 제시하고자, 보온양생 재료의 조합 변화에 따른 콘크리트의 온도이력, 적산온도 및 코어강도 결과를 고찰하였다. 실험변수로서 보온양생방법 조합에 따라 기둥, 슬래브 및 벽체를 모사한 목업 시험체를 제작한 후, 단열, 가열 및 양자 병용방법을 적용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 슬래브 부재의 경우 온도이력 및 적산온도 측정결과 4BS+열선조합, 벽체의 경우 가열양생+발열매트 그리고 기둥의 경우 EPS 단열재조합에서 3일 이내에 초기동해 방지에 요구되는 적산온도인 $45^{\circ}D{\cdot}D$를 상회하며 $0^{\circ}C$이하로 콘크리트 온도가 저하하지 않는 것으로 나타나 본 연구범위에서 최적의 조합으로 판단된다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.218-219
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• 2017

In order to examine the possibility of practical at low-temperature environment curable cement mortar with chloride and nitrite as cold resistance admixture for rebar corrosion prevention. As a result, chloride was used using nitrite complex in low temperature environment and corrosion performance of rebar was improved and mortar strength was promoted. The ratio of nitrite than chloride applied more than twice, corrosion of the reinforcing bars will not occur even in low temperature environment, cement hydration reaction will be promoted and mortar will prevent freezing damage.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

Flexible dye sensitized photovoltaics (f-DSPVs) based on plastic substrates have attracted significant interest due to their light-weight, flexibility, and compatibility with roll-to-roll processing, as well as their potential application to ubiquitous power sources. However, f-DSPVs exhibit inferior power conversion efficiencies (PCE) compared to conventional DSPVs since the fabrication process must be conducted at a low-temperature (≤ 150℃) to prevent thermal damage of the plastic substrates, which generally results in poor interconnection between the TiO₂ nanoparticles. Numerous novel low-temperature manufacturing approaches for flexible photoanode and counter electrode have been developed. In this review, current progress on low temperature strategies for f-DSPVs technology are discussed.