• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제32권8호
• /
• pp.802-808
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 하천 수질개선을 위해 충청남도 금강 중 하류권역에 위치한 18개의 지류하천을 대상으로 유량 및 수질측정, 하천그룹화, 오염물질 부하량 및 배출부하밀도를 산정하였다. 하천의 수질분석 결과는 저수기의 평균BOD농도를 기준으로 하천생활환경기준 II등급(BOD기준 3.0 mg/L)의 수질을 초과하는 하천은 정안천, 방축천, 길산천, 조천, 석성천, 강경천으로 나타났다. 하천그룹화 결과 금강에 유입되는 유량이 저수량을 기준으로 $10\;m^3/min$ 이상이고, 저수기의 평균BOD 농도가 3.0 mg/L 이상으로 금강의 수질을 악화시키는 주된 요인인 그룹(Group A)에 해당되는 하천으로는 조천, 강경천, 석성천, 정안천으로 나타났다. 이 하천들은 금강의 수질개선을 위해서 수환경관리의 대책을 가장 먼저 고려해야 할 것이다. Group A에 해당하는 하천 중 배출부하밀도가 10 BOD kg/$day{\cdot}km^2$ 정도 이상인 하천은 조천, 석성천, 강경천으로 나타났다. 하천의 유량 및 수질모니터링, 하천그룹화, 배출부하밀도산정 등을 통하여 수질개선 우선순위 유역을 선정한 결과, 연기군의 조천, 부여군과 논산시 경계에 위치한 석성천, 논산시의 강경천과 같은 하천 유역이 수질개선이 시급한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제51권8호
• /
• pp.713-727
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 국내 하천의 고유성을 반영할 수 있는 물리적 환경평가 체계를 개발하는 것이다. 하천유형 분류, 평가구간 선정, 평가 항목 및 지표에 대하여 종합적으로 요약하였다. 하천의 물리적 구조는 하천 유수력에 의한 반응의 결과이므로 하도경사, 하상재료의 입경 및 하도지형의 특성에 따라 하천을 3가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 평가구간은 각 하천 유형의 대표적인 특징인 step 또는 여울출현 간격, 사행도에 따라 저수로 폭의 10배와 25배 기준으로 선정하였다. 평가지표는 하도 안정성, 흐름 상태, 횡단면 형상, 하안 안정성, 하도개수 및 하천횡단구조물과 같은 공통지표와 유효 서식지, 하상 매몰도, 흐름의 다양성 및 step과 여울 출현빈도와 같은 하천 유형별 특성지표로 구성되어 있다. 적용성 검토를 위하여 개발된 평가체계를 9개의 하천에 적용하고 그 결과를 제시하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.587-594
• /
• 2019

하천 내 흐름에 대한 식생 밀도의 영향을 조사하기 위해 버드나무가 활착된 하천 규모의 자연형 수로에서 유동 측정 실험을 수행하였다. 식생 내 흐름에 대한 하천 규모 실험은 식생의 반 잠김 조건에 대해 수행되었다. 수로 내 식생대(vegetation patch)는 교차로 형성된 사주의 형상으로 배열되었고 식생 구간과 비식생 구간에서의 흐름을 비교하였다. 3차원 유동 구조는 초음파 유속계(Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter)에 의해 측정되었고 종방향 속도의 연직 분포는 다양한 지점에서의 측정값으로부터 분석되었다. 유속은 식생대의 밀도에 따라 다른 양상을 보여 주는데, 식생 구간와 비식생 구간에서의 흐름 속도의 차이는 밀집된 식생대 주변에서 크게 나타나며 흐름 분포의 형태는 식생대의 하류방향 하단에서 복잡한 모습을 나타낸다. 하류에 위치한 식생대 주변의 흐름은 상류에 설치된 식생대에 의해 교란된 흐름에도 불구하고 유사한 분포를 보여준다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.133-144
• /
• 2010

The objective of this planning proposal is to rehabilitate the urban stream which has been ecologically disturbed in the urban process. The experimental stream, Su-am stream located in Anyang City is typical urban stream in adjacent land use and the spatial condition. The stream in the watershed context, is the second tributary of Han River, in the Anyangcheon watershed. The Characteristics of the stream reach were analyzed by the river corridor survey. In the conceptual phase, Rehabilitation Programs were established based on the hydrological, ecological and spatial characteristics of the stream. Spatial zoning concept according to the characteristics of the stream and adjacent land use, was suggested 4 types of zoning; ecological preservation zone, natural landscape zone, neighborhood water-friendly zone and CBD water-friendly zone. Implementation Practices can be summarized as follow: For The longitudinal river continuum, some In-stream practices were suggested and implemented; such as channel alignment, step & pool, pool & riffle and low-flow channel bank. For latitudinal continuum and intimate spatial relationship between Sam-duk Park & Su-am stream, gentle sloped bank was planned and implemented. After stream improvement & ecological Implementation, follow-up monitoring and adaptive management programs will be a meaningful process for ecological rehabilitation.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.97-116
• /
• 1994

Today advanced traffic management systems are required because of a high increase in traffic demand. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to take advantage of image processing systems and present image processing methods available for collection of the data on traffic characteristics, and then to investigate the possibility of traffic flow analysis by means of comparison and analysis of measured traffic flow. Data were collected at two places of Daegu city and Kyongbu expressway by using VTR. Rear view (down stream) and frontal view (up stream) methods were employed to compare and analyze traffic characteristics including traffic volume, speed, time-headway, time-occupancy, and vehicle-length, by analysis of measured traffic flow and image processing respectively. Judging from the results obtained by this study, image processing techniques are sufficient for the analysis of traffic volume, but a frame grabber equipped with high speed processor is necessary as well, with low level system judged to be sufficient for traffic volume analysis.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.537-552
• /
• 2013

Wind tunnel experiments were performed to study the wind loads on an inclined flat plate with and without a guide plate. Highly turbulent flow, which corresponded to free-stream turbulence intensity on the flat roof of low-rise buildings, was produced by a turbulence generation grid at the inlet of the test section. The test model could represent a typical solar collector panel of a solar water heater. There are up-stream movements of the separation bubble and side-edge vortices, more intense fluctuating pressure and a higher bending moment in the turbulent flow. A guide plate would result in higher lift coefficient, particularly with an increased projected area ratio of a guide plate to an inclined flat plate. The value of lift coefficient is considerably lower with increased free-stream turbulent intensity.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.1306-1310
• /
• 2009

The roughness coefficients were estimated by the Manning's equation for the measured stage and flow velocity of Bocheong stream basin in Kum river. The relationships between the estimated roughness coefficients and the geomorphologic factors were formulated by the linear, logarithmic, exponential and power type function, thereafter correlation equations were presented. The correlation analysis was performed between the measured stream length and the basin area of Bocheong stream basin by the linear, logarithmic, exponential and power type function, and correlation equation for the stream length was given. The roughness coefficient has strong correlationship with stream slope, but low correlation coefficients with stream length and basin area. For the correlationship with the roughness coefficients and the stream slope, the logarithmic type function has the smallest correlation coefficient, on the other hand, the exponential type function has the largest correlation coefficient. For the relationship between the stream length and the basin area, the correlation coefficient of the logarithmic type function shows the smallest value, linear type function shows the largest value.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.309-317
• /
• 2002

In this study, water protection reservoir is selected as the target which is located at the estuary of Taehwa river to analyze and examine the effects of hydraulic structure on river environment. This study examined the water quality variation characteristics among many effects of hydraulic structure on river environment before and after removal of the sediment protection reservoir when low flow is yielded. This study aims at the definition of factors which cause the change of ecological environment of river due to the effects of the sediment protection reservoir, and the proposal of the direction of environmental friendly river space development through the comparison of stream variation conditions(depth, velocity, and etc.) and riverbed variation characteristics with ecological depth condition of Taehwa-river's channel for each representative species of fish and examination those. Firstly, from the examination result of water quality when low flow is yielded before and after removal of the sediment protection reservoir for problems about water quality of river due to flow amount decrease in river, it is found that DO decreases about 0.78~0.86ppm at the lower stream of Myeongchon-gyo, and BOD decreases about 0.06~0.24ppm from right upper stream to the direction of estuary when the sediment protection reservoir is removed. It is known from the above that there is some improvement of water quality from the lower stream of Taehwa-gyo to the estuary in case of removal the sediment protection reservoir. Nextly, it is thought that the effects on ecosystem due to water depth and draw down in channel is not serious on the basis of the examination of water quality analysis result according to removal of sediment protection reservoir and hydraulic depths for reservation of ecosystem, these are 10~40cm for breeding season, 10~50cm for fry period, and 10~100cm for adult period of the representative species of fish in Korea.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2005

Natural organic matter(NOM) is defined as the complex matrix of organic material and abundant in natural waters. It affects the performance of unit operations for water purification. Several kinds of analytical indicators such as DOC, specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA), apparent molecular weight (AMW), fractionation and high performance size exclusive chromatography(HPSEC) have been used to understand characteristics and variations of NOM. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of NOM in the Geum River system comprising with stream flows and reservoirs. It was identified that SUVA denoting the portion of humic substance in water ranged within 1.60~3.36. Using resin adsorbents, dissolved organic carbon(DOC) was fractionated into three classes: hydrophobic bases(HOB), hydrophobic acids(HOA) and hydrophilic substances(HI). HI dominates in all samples, collectively accounting for more than 62% of the DOC. HOA was the second dominated fraction and it varied considerably but accounted for about 30% of the DOC. The distribution of high molecular weight(HMW) measured by HPSEC being used to determine the molecular weight distribution of aquatic humic substances was 40.1% and 38.7% in reservoir and stream flow, respectively. The distribution of low molecular weight(LMW) in stream flow was 13.2% higher than that in reservoir. And apparent molecular weight less than 1KDa, which include the molecular weight of hydrophilic organic matter, occupied with 69.2% and 68.2% in stream flow and reservoir, respectively. While the molecular weight of 1 to 100 KDa including humic substances ranged with 18.6% and 21.6% in stream flow and reservoir, respectively. Seasonal variation of refractory dissolved organic carbon was similar to that of SUVA.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 2006

In this study, we developed a program to estimate discharge efficiently considering major hydraulic characteristic including water level, river bed, water slope and roughness coefficient in a natural river. Stream discharge was measured at Gongju gauge station located in the down stream of the Daechung Dam during normal and dry seasons from 2003 to 2004. The developed model was compared with the results from the existing rating curve at T/M gage stations, and was used for runoff analyses. Evaluating the developed river discharge estimation program, it was applied during 1983-2004 that base flow separation method and RRFS (Rainfall Runoff Forecasting System) which is based on SSARR (Streamflow Synthesis And Resevoir Regulation). The result presents the stage-discharge curve creator range at the Gong-ju is overestimated by approximately $10-20\%$, especially at the low stage. It is attributed to the hydraulic characteristics at the study. The discharge simulated by the RRFS and base flow separation, which is calibrated using the measurement at the early spring and late fall season during relatively d]v season, shows the least errors. The coefficient of roughness at Gongju station varied with the high and low water level.