• Title/Summary/Keyword: low emission vehicle

Search Result 125, Processing Time 0.032 seconds

Physico-Chemical Characterization of Black Carbon Emitted from Coal-fired Power Plant, Charcoal Kiln and Diesel Vehicle (석탄화력 발전소, 숯가마, 디젤차량에서 배출되는 Black Carbon의 물리화학적 특성화 연구)

  • Saixiyaletu, Saixiyaletu;Kim, Jin Young;Shim, Shang-Gyoo;Jin, Hyoun Cher;Kim, Jong Soo
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.152-162
    • /
    • 2013
  • The physico-chemical characteristics and nanostructure of the aerosol samples from a coal-fired power plant, a charcoal kiln and diesel vehicles were investigated with focusing on black carbon (BC). Aerosols from the coal-fired power plant were mostly comprised of mineral ash spheres which are heterogeneously mixed. The main components of the aerosols from coal-fired power plant were calcium compounds, iron oxide, alumino-silicate without BC. The typical combustion-generated BC which shows the shape of bunch of grapes with 20~50 nm particles which were detected in aerosol particles from diesel vehicles. The nanostructure of each BC particle shows the shape of concentric circles which is comprised of closely-packed graphene layers. Aerosols from charcoal kiln were likely condensed organic carbon generated from the low-temperature combustion process.

Fabrication of hyaluronic acid membrane using electrospinning method and its application as a catalyst support for gold nanoparticles (전기방사를 이용한 히알루론산 멤브레인의 제조 및 금 나노입자 촉매 담체로의 응용)

  • Lee, Namhun;Park, Hyun-Min;Lee, Sang-Myung;Lee, Dae-Won
    • Journal of Industrial Technology
    • /
    • v.38 no.1
    • /
    • pp.15-19
    • /
    • 2018
  • In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA) was electro-spun to fabricate nanofibrous membranes for support materials. Because HA is very hygroscopic, it is difficult to obtain enough viscosity to apply electrospinning method. Therefore, we mixed HA with polyethylene oxide (PEO) to obtain proper viscosity and added adipic acid (ADH) to promote cross-linking of PEO/HA during electrospinning. The morphology of PEO/HA membrane was optimized according to PEO/HA concentration ratio and spinning rate. Finally, we fabricated gold-nanoparticle-embedded PEO/HA membranes and their catalyst activities were evaluated in tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation.

Simulation-based Optimum Allocation of a Resonator for Reducing the Blow Noise of a Turbocharger in a Diesel Engine (디젤 엔진에서의 터보 차저 Blow 소음 저감 위한 시뮬레이션 기반 공명기 위치 최적화)

  • Kang, Yong-Hun;Choi, Dong-Hoon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.129-134
    • /
    • 2010
  • A diesel engine is equipped with a turbocharger for providing more power at a low engine speed region by supplying charge air to combustion chambers. The turbocharger makes it possible to satisfy stringent emission regulations and customers' demand of enjoying the fun to drive by increasing engine performance. However, the turbocharger has the disadvantage of making BPF(Blade Passing Frequency), hissing, surge, whistle, and blow noises. Among them, reducing the blow noise, a narrow-band noise(a general range : 1800~2000Hz), is possible by using a resonator that controls the narrow frequency band governing the resonance in the intake system. In this study, the optimum location of the resonator is found by employing Boost as a CAE(Computer Aided Engineering) tool and is confirmed by experiments of an engine dynamo test and a real vehicle test.

An Investigation of the Effect of Diesel Particulate Filter for Heavy-duty Diesel Engine on Emission Reduction (디젤입자상물질 여과장치의 배기저감성능 효과 분석)

  • Park, Yong-Hee;Shin, Dae-Yewn
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
    • /
    • v.33 no.1 s.94
    • /
    • pp.36-42
    • /
    • 2007
  • Diesel PM can be controlled using Diesel Particulate Filter, which can effectively reduce the level of soot emissions to ambient background levels. In the Heavy Duty Diesel area, the Continuously Regeneration trap has been widely applied in the retrofit market. As the Special act for the improvement of air quality in the capital area, the retrofit program for DPF to used diesel vehicle has progressed favorably and there are currently over 1,000 of these DPF in use in retrofit applications in korea. These DPF comprise a specially formulated Diesel Oxidation Catalyst upstream of a DPF. The $NO_2$ generated by the DOC is used to combust the carbon collected in the DPF at low temperature. To certificate DPF device that is suitable to domestic circumstances, it is necessary to evaluate exactly the DPF devices according to the regulation of DPF certificate test procedure for retrofit(ministry of environment(MOE) announcement NO. 2005-16). To do so the understand of that regulation like the standard of PM reduction rate is needed. In this study the test procedure including test cycle and BPT test condition was examined and also the test result for specific DPF was analyzed. In every test like field test, PM reduction efficiency test and seoul-10 mode test, no defect could be showed.

A numerical analysis study on the flammable volume by leakage of hydrogen fuel vehicles in parking lot (지하주차장 내 수소연료차의 수소 방출시 가연체적에 관한 수치해석적 연구)

  • Lee, Ho-Hyung;Kim, Hyo-Gyu;Yoo, Ji-Oh;Kim, Doo-Young
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
    • /
    • v.23 no.6
    • /
    • pp.439-449
    • /
    • 2021
  • The recent reduction in greenhouse gases, interest in environmental pollution such as low-carbon emission policies is increasing. Accordingly, the penetration rate of eco-friendly vehicles, including hydrogen battery vehicles capable of reducing carbon emission, is increasing, and thus it is required for disaster prevention and safety-related measures. In this study, the degree of risk for the concentration distribution of hydrogen when leaking hydrogen fuel vehicles according to ventilation conditions was analyzed through numerical analysis, limited to places in parking lots. As a result, when only one hydrogen tank was released, the combustible volume ratio of hydrogen in the underground parking lot was up to 8.6%, and as ventilation continued, the volume ratio of combustible hydrogen decreased to less than 1% after 150 seconds, indicating that mechanical ventilation is essential. In the case of simultaneous release or stage release of three hydrogen tanks, the final combustible volume ratio of hydrogen is similar, but the increase in the combustible volume ratio of hydrogen in the early stage of release is low, and further research is expected.

A Study on $NO_x$ Reduction in a Light Duty Diesel Vehicle Equipped with a SCR Catalyst (선택적환원촉매를 적용한 중소형 경유차량의 질소산화물 저감 특성 연구)

  • Park, Young-Joon;Hong, Woo-Kyoung;Ka, Jae-Geum;Cho, Yong-Seok;Joo, Jae-Geon;Kim, Hyun-Ok
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.19 no.5
    • /
    • pp.118-124
    • /
    • 2011
  • To reach the Euro-6 regulations of PM and $NO_x$ for light-duty diesel vehicles, it will be necessary to apply the CDPF and the de-$NO_x$ catalyst. The described system consists of a catalytic configuration, where the CDPF is placed downstream of the diesel engine and followed by a urea injection unit and a urea-SCR catalyst. One of the advantages of this system configuration is that, in this way, the SCR catalyst is protected from PM, and both white PM and deposits become reduced. In the urea-SCR system, the injection control of reductant is the most important thing in order to have good performance of $NO_x$ reduction. The ideal ratio of $NH_3$ molecules to $NO_x$ molecules is 1:1 based on $NH_3$ consumption and having $NH_3$ available for reaction of all of the exhaust $NO_x$. However, under the too low and too high temperature condition, the $NO_x$ reduction efficiency become slower, due to temperature window of SCR catalyst. And space velocity also affects to $NO_x$ conversion efficiency. In this paper, rig-tests were performed to evaluate the effects of $NO_x$ and $NH_3$ concentrations, gas temperature and space velocity on the $NO_x$ conversion efficiency of the urea-SCR system. And vehicle test was performed to verify control strategy of reductatnt injection. The developed control strategy of reductant injection was improved over all $NO_x$ reduction efficiency and $NH_3$ consumption in urea-SCR system. Results of this paper contribute to develop urea-SCR system for light-duty vehicles to meet Euro-5 emission regulations.

Importance and Performance Analysis on Factors of PC Component Allocation and Loading Planning (IPA를 통한 PC부재 할당 및 적재 계획 시 고려사항 분석)

  • Jang, JunYoung;Cho, Kyeong Woon;Koo, Choongwan;Lee, Chansik;Kim, Taewan
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.53-62
    • /
    • 2021
  • PC component allocation and loading plan can contribute to reductions in carbon dioxide emission and energy use of vehicles and total project costs with increased utilization of vehicle loading space. The study derived 18 considerations that PC construction plant managers and site managers take into account when they plan allocation and loading of PC components. Then, IPA (Importance and Performance Analysis) was performed to assess importance and performance of the 18 considerations. Results show that in the PC component allocation planning, considerations regarding the number of vehicles and existence of yard for storing PC components have not been taken into account well by the managers. In the PC component loading planning, PC component loading direction has not been reflected well by the managers although it is considered important by them. Recently, ill-planning issues of PC component transportation, such as inefficient use of vehicle space and loading with low stability, are frequent due to various types of PC components produced. In this context, if the results of this study are reflected in the development of component allocation and loading planning, vehicle management of PC projects would be more efficient, thereby leading to economic project management.

Comparison Study of Nitrogen Dioxide and Asthma Doctor's Diagnosis in Seoul - Base on Community Health Survey 2012~2013 - (서울시 대기 중 이산화질소 농도와 천식증상의 비교 연구 - 2012~2013년 지역사회건강조사 자료를 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Sang-Gyu;Lee, Yong-Jin;Lim, Young-Wook;Kim, Jung-Su;Shin, Dong-Chun
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
    • /
    • v.32 no.6
    • /
    • pp.575-582
    • /
    • 2016
  • Seoul city has high population density as well as high traffic congestion, which are vulnerable to exposure of environmental pollutions caused by car traffic. However, recent studies are only on local regions about road traffic and air pollution or health effect of road traffic on residents. Thus, comprehensive study data are needed in terms of overall Seoul regions. In this study utilized the nitrogen dioxide concentration through the national air pollution monitoring network data, 2012 to 2013. It also divided regions into high and low exposure districts via the Origin destination data developed by the Korea transport institute to quantify and evaluate the effect of transport policies and analyzed a correlation of asthma symptoms with high and low exposure districts through raw data of community health survey from the Korea centers for disease control and prevention. Based on the collected data, the pearson's correlation analysis was conducted between air pollution substance concentration and high exposure district and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the effect of traffic environment and factors on asthma symptoms of residents. Accordingly, the following results were derived. First, the high exposure district was higher concentrations of nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) as per time compared to those of the low exposure district (p<0.01). Second, analysis on correlation between average daily environmental concentration in the air pollution monitoring network and road traffic showed that nitrogen dioxide had a significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with car traffic and total traffic as well as with truck traffic (p<0.05) statistically. Third, an adjusted odds ratio about asthma doctor's diagnosis in the high and low exposure districts was analyzed through the logistic regression analysis. With regard to an adjusted model 2 (adjusted gender, age, health behavior characteristics, and demographic characteristics) odds ratio of asthma doctor's diagnosis in the high exposure district was 1.624 (95% CI: 1.269~2.077) compared to that of the low exposure district, which was significant statistically (p<0.001).

An Experimental Study on $NO_x$ Reduction Efficiency and $NH_3$ Conversion Efficiency under Various Conditions of Reductant Injection on SCR and AOC (SCR 촉매와 AOC 촉매에서 환원제 분사에 따른 $NO_x$ 저감효율과 $NH_3$ 변환효율에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Dong, Yoon-Hee;Choi, Jung-Hwang;Cho, Yong-Seok;Lee, Seang-Wock;Lee, Seong-Ho;Oh, Sang-Ki;Park, Hyun-Dae
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.18 no.5
    • /
    • pp.85-90
    • /
    • 2010
  • As the environmental regulation of vehicle emission is strengthened, investigations for $NO_x$ and PM reduction strategies are popularly conducted. Two current available technologies for continuous $NO_x$ reduction onboard diesel vehicles are Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) using aqueous urea and lean $NO_x$ trap (LNT) catalysts. The experiments were conducted to investigate the $NO_x$ reduction performance of SCR system which can control the ratio of $NO/NO_2$, temperature and SV(space velocity), and the model gas was used which is similar to a diesel exhaust gas. The maximum reduction efficiency is indicated when the $NO:NO_2$ ratio is 1:1 and the SV is 30,000 $h^{-1}$ in $300^{\circ}C$. Generally, ammonia slip from SCR reactors are rooted to incomplete conversion of $NH_3$ over the SCR. In this research, slip was occurred in 6cases (except low SV and $NO:NO_2$ ratio is 1:1) after SCR. Among 6 case of slip occurrence, the maximum conversion efficiency is observed when SV is 60,000 $h^{-1}$ in $400^{\circ}C$.

Studies on the Exhaust Gas Characteristics of the Vehicle Diesel according to the Test Mode and Ambient Temperature (시험모드 및 대기온도에 따른 경유자동차의 배출가스 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jung-Cheon;Jeon, Cheol-Hwan;Kim, Ki-Ho;Oh, Sang-Gi;Park, An-Young
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
    • /
    • v.20 no.6
    • /
    • pp.93-98
    • /
    • 2016
  • Environmental problems are issued throughout all over the world and which are needed the strength management. In case of the diesel cars are also being developing and studying continuously about various after-treatments device such as EGR, LNT, SCR, DPF and DOC etc. which are used for decreasing $NO_X$ and PM. The air temperature goes up to $39^{\circ}C$ in summer and goes down to $-20^{\circ}C$ in winter because of the location. These changing of the temperature can effect to the engine and harmful exhaust gas discharged and it seems to make the increase - decrease different. The result of the evaluate while changing between the test-mode and the air temperature, which expresses that WLTC-mode is 2.2 times and FTP_75 mode is 4.1~6 times increase to the comparison NEDC-mode of the current regulation. The exhaust characteristic of $NO_X$ by the changing temperature increases in the low temperature and 4.3 times in $14^{\circ}C$ and 21.3 times in $-7^{\circ}C$ with maximum when it compares to $23^{\circ}C$. The fuel efficiency of the different weight car and engine with same data is about 5.7 % in maximum.