• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.1161-1166
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• 2001

Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) elements has been experimentally and analytical investigated. Fatigue behavior influenced by longitudinal reinforcement ratio, strength of concrete and load ratio $P_{u}$/ $P_{o}$. The purpose of these studies is to propose an empirical formula for fatigue behavior on basis of experimental results. Also an analytical method to predict the crack propagation of RC beams has been developed based on the relationships between bond stress and slip.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.291-296
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• 2002

In order to apply precast decks to the continuous composite bridges, several experiments and analytical studies were performed. For the continuous composite bridges, special attention should be paid to the transverse joints in negative moment region. Judging from the results, combination of longitudinal internal prestressing tendon and the external tendon can be effectively used for the prevention of cracking in the negative moment region of precast decks.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.357-359
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• 2010

A stilt crab Crossotonotus spinipes (De Man, 1888) is newly reported from Korean waters as a result of continuous taxonomic studies on crabs. The present specimen has a row of tubercles and a longitudinal lobe with denticles on the dorsal border of the propodus of the chelipeds, and a shorter Pereopod 5. The description and illustration of this species are provided.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.499-503
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• 2001

Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) elements has been experimentally and analytical investigated. Fatigue behavior influenced by longitudinal reinforcement ratio, strength of concrete and load ratio P／sub u／／P／sub o／. The purpose of these studies is to propose an empirical formula for fatigue behavior on basis of experimental results. Also an analytical method to predict the crack propagation of RC beams has been developed based on the relationships between bond stress and slip.

• The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.153-166
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• 2002

Objective : There is no case report on the ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) treated by CHUNA manual therapy in oriental medicine. We experienced a patient(32-year-old female) with OPLL improved by CHUNA manual therapy in X-ray image and visual analogue scale(VAS), and we report it clinically. Methods : During the patient with OPLL was treated CHUNA manual therapy, acupuncture, and physical therapy, we examined cervical X-ray, CT and Moire topography and evaluated the patient's symptoms by VAS. And we observed whether the changes exist or not in X-ray and VAS. Results : VAS in symptoms was improved significantly(p<0.05), and the radiologic X-ray image in OPLL patient was improved. Conclusion : OPLL was generally treated conservative treatment and operation in severe case. But CHUNA manual therapy may be more effective in conservative treatment of OPLL, if more clinical studies and reaches are accomplished.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.159-175
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• 2010

Although many studies have analyzed and identified the importance of intrinsic motivation in the acceptance of information technology (IT), especially hedonic systems such as online game and online shopping, the acceptance of programming languages such as Java were not studied in a view of intrinsic motivations. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of intrinsic motivation on the acceptance of programming language by the longitudinal analysis. In the service of the objective, we suggested the research model which included both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations and longitudinally extended by belief updating theory. For the validation of this model, the university students who participated Java class were surveyed twice, and the suggested research were analyzed by partial least square (PLS). In result, most of the suggested hypotheses were supported.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.545-556
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• 2016

If a back analysis is used in various measurement information for the estimation of an operating subsea tunnel safety, it is possible to obtain the results within efficient error rate. With such a commercial geotechnical analysis program as FLAC3D, back analysis is performed with a DEA which was validated in previous studies. However, there is a problem that is relatively a time-consuming analysis. For this reason, beam-spring model-based FEM solver which takes shorter relative analysis time, was developed by Python language, and then combined with the built-DEA. In order to consider the assessment of safety of an operation tunnel near real-time, a program for longitudinal direction tunnel was developed due to its relative easy development for analysis solver engine.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.77-114
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• 2003

Analyses of the special data sets constructed from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics reveal that, compared with an annual wage measure, survey week wages are significantly counter-cyclically biased due to selecting workers with strong labor market attachment. We also find that survey week wages are more counter-cyclically biased in high-wage industries than in low-wage industries, that is, inter-industry gaps of survey week wages are counter-cyclically biased. Unlike existing longitudinal studies, the current study concludes that real wages are much more procyclical in high-wage industries than in low-wage industries, which is attributed to our adoption of annual wages that is less subject to the selectivity bias. Our finding is consistent with the empirical regularity that real wages are much more procyclical for men than for women, as men are overrepresented in industries with greater real wage procyclicalities. Overall, current results do not support the predictions of segmented labor market theories for the cyclicality of real wages.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.264-279
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• 2002

Objective : Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL) is considered kind of degenerative disease usually found in the cervical vertebrae. Most of cases of OPLL have radiculopathy, myelopathy or both of them such as neck pain, numbness, myatonia. These symptoms seems to be similar with those of HIVD(Herniated intervertebral disc), sprain, spondylosis of C-spine. Lost of patients who have those symptoms are visiting oriental medicine hospital, clinic so we thought that making differential diagnosis, treating and prognosing might be needed with acupuncture, Herb medication. Methods : We examined the 3 patients of OPLL who visited Dong-in-dang Oriental Medicine Hospital from 1st November 1999 to 1st February 2002. We treated patients of OPLL with Oriental Medicine care (Acupuncture, Herb medication, Negative treatment) based on oriental diagnosis of neck pain(項强痛), numbness(痺證), myatonia. Results : clinical grade of 3 cases was all Gr III. After treated with oriental medical care, 2 cases were evaluated poor, I cases were evaluated fair and resulted in Clinical grade II. Conclusions : Treating OPLL with oriental medical carte was very difficult to palliate symptoms, to stop progress of OPLL. We might need to reconsider oriental medical care as conservative treatment for OPLL.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2020

This study examined the trajectories of the marital satisfaction among middle and old aged couples for 8 years. This study focused on middle and old aged couples who were relatively uninterested in family research. Using the 1-5 Waves of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) 2006-2014, the study included 635 middle and old aged couples whose husbands were 65-74 years old at baseline. First, a latent growth model indicated that a husband's and wife's marital satisfaction trajectories decreased over time. Second, a parallel latent growth model indicated that a husband's marital satisfaction trajectories decreased more quickly, when the initial level of their own marital satisfaction was higher (husband's actor-effect); in addition, a wife's marital satisfaction trajectories also decreased more quickly, when the initial level of their own marital satisfaction was higher (wife's actor-effect). Wife's marital satisfaction trajectories decreased more slowly, when the initial level of their husband's marital satisfaction was higher (husband's partner-effect); however, the husband's slope was not associated with the initial level of their wife's. The methodological value of this work shows the application of a parallel latent growth model that includes the actor and partner effect of APIM. The findings extend our understanding of longitudinal marital dynamics between couples and promote a study on the trajectories of marital satisfaction at stages of the family life cycle.