• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2016

According to the research on the gender ratio of furniture design courses at universities, female students account for 70 to 80 percent of the total enrollments. Likewise, other design courses reveal the similar trend. Even though female students want to build up their career in the furniture design or related fields, the figure is not so high. There is a trend that many female designers tend to take time off or quite their jobs after their marriage for that reasons such as pregnancy, childbirth, the upbringing of children and so on. The study also shows that women with higher education feel more difficult to resume their careers after being left from economic activity for a long period; this results in the lower figure of women involved in the specialized jobs than men. In particular, the furniture companies avoid hiring old female designers because they believe that younger candidates are more capable of learning the latest style; therefore, it has become harder for the job seeks to win the competition in the job market. The data released by Statistics Korea in 2015 shows that there was the higher increase in female employees than the figure of the male workers, compared to the previous year. As it can be seen, female workforce was emerged as the new growth power; Nevertheless, the working environment and conditions haven't meet the demands from women despite the gradual rise of female job seekers inspired by their wish to achieve self-realization, gender equality. To conclude, this is to suggest the plans for the foundation and management of small-scale carpentry studios so that women, who have a degree in furniture design studies and wish to resume their careers after their long breaks, start their own carpentry studios so as to reach self-realization and feel satisfied with their work while earning their livelihoods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2009

Background and Objectives : Vocal nodule is common inflammatory vocal cord lesion which could be improved by voice rest or voice therapy. But some patients, who do not have any improvement after voice therapy, should take laryngomicorsurgery or additional long-term voice therapy. So we try to find prognostic factors which affect the results of voice therapy. Materials and Methods: There are 36 patients (response group) whose symptoms improved after initial voice therapy and 16 patients (no response group) whose symptoms did not improve at all. We compared clinical features (durations of symptoms, voice abuse, laryngopharyngeal reflux), GRBAS scale, acoustic analysis, aerodynamic analysis and voice handicap index between the two groups from January, 2006 to June, 2008. Results: Response group underwent voice therapy 4.5 times (ave.) and no response group underwent 6.7 times (ave.). No response group has longer duration of symptoms, higher GRBAS scale score, higher NIH ratio, and higher MFR than those of response group. Conclusion : This study found that the prognosis of voice therapy in patients who have longer duration of symptoms, high NIH ratio, and bad perceptional test result is not likely to be good. In those cases, we should recommend earlier surgery, voice therapy after surgery, and inform about the necessity of long-term voice rehabilitation or voice therapy in order to get favorable compliance.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 2012

Long-term national railway building comprehensive review of the proposal had 100 in railway history, railway rail network plan. Planning routes for establishing a plan, but, considering the rail network, the plan was that could with the very important meaning in the What more economical route considering the costs and benefits of building a rail network under budget constraints, went through the process of background lines of business unit interval expenses to adopt a business unit interval. Especially in building the railway network, as well as the road plan was to reflect in order to build for the future railway facilities was secured examine the possibility of possible budget commitment. Budget of securing the transportation tax, gasoline tax, and other transportation facilities in order to secure and commit the current funding approach and Review Bodu possible budget scenarios based on it written. Was also enforce rail system built in reviewing the demand more than anything that can take advantage of the railway distance by railway and the merits of the competition means to compete in the form of the assumed situation. The rail network deployment plan, considering this was discussed, based on the results of the plan to establish the first annual or period of the plan change was based on the budget that was unknown.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2013

Objective The objective was to evaluate changes in swallow safety and dietary status after the transcutaneous injection of botulinum toxin into the upper esophageal sphincter in a series of outpatients with dysphagia. Methods Patients who were at risk for aspiration and who had an unsuccessful trial of swallowing therapy were admitted to the study. All patients showed significant pooling of fluids in the pyriform sinus. All patients were treated in the office; none had previous esophageal dilatation. The upper border of the cricoid cartilage was identified using standard electromyogram procedures and botulinum toxin was injected. Outcomes were assessed using the penetration-aspiration scale, NIH swallowiwng safety score, patients' short-term and long-term subjective impressions of their ability to swallow, and change in dietary status. Results Ten patients underwent an instrumental evaluation of swallowing function. Of the 10 patients, 9 showed an overall improvement in their ability to take an oral diet safely. The penetration-aspiration scale, NIH swallowiwng safety score, patients' short-term and long-term subjective impressions of their ability to swallow, and change in dietary status were significantly improved after office-based botox injection. Conclusion Office-based EMG guided botox injection to the cricopharyngeus muscle is a simple, safe, and effective tool for dysphagia patients. Injection of Botox in the office should be considered when the dysphagia pattern is aspiration after swallow.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.300-309
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• 2009

The effective utilization of wood structure is encouraged to preserve natural resources and the global environment. Long-span and large-scale structures are preferred to promote demand for wood. This study attempts to develop new Fire-resistance Composite Material composed of Structural steel and Structural glued laminated timber for long-span and large-scale structures. Prior to take a fire-resistance test, compare properties of bending strength with Composite material composed of Structural steel and Structural glued laminated timber, structural steel and structural provides the stability of the structure, but the structural glued laminated timber has high value elasticity of bending. Using the Composite material will improve structural stability and Eco-friend construction environment.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.5-23
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the creative writing program that is one of the practical strategy of information literacy on self-directed learning abilities of elementary school students. According to the results, this program raise the average score of 33.69 points from 130.14 to 163.83 significantly in their self-directed learning abilities. Among the specific abilities of them, this program affects learning planning and evaluation capability meaningfully. But the long term continuous of learning executive is not changed significantly by this program. As the results of after interview with the students who take part in this program, the most of them respond that they could reduce their fear of writing and apply the reading and writing strategies to other subjects. So, if we teach this program with subjects consistently and use the learning strategies of information literacy, we could improve the long term continuous of learning executive.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.16-23
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• 2011

Muzzle flash based on gunnery is the target that has huge energy. So, gunnery target in a long range over xx km is distinguishable in the IR(infrared) images, on the other hand, is not distinguishable in the CCD images. In this paper, we propose the classification method of gunnery targets in a infrared images and in a long range. The energy from gunnery have an effect on varous pixel values in infrared images as a property of infrared image sensor, distance, and atmosphere, etc. For this reason, it is difficult to classify gunnery targets using pixel values in infrared images. In proposed method, we take the profile of pixel values using high performance infrared sensor, and classify gunnery targets using modeling GMM and shape of profile. we experiment on the proposed method with infrared images in the ground and aviation. In experimental result, the proposed method provides about 93% classification rate.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2010

Single layer latticed domes which have a mechanics property, a functional property, a aesthetic property and so on, occupies one part of long span space structures and after this, the using parts will be extended. The frame network pattern of single-layer latticed domes can be infinitely taken into account. The typical network patterns are triangular, square, hexagon, lamella and rib etc. It would take long time and cost too much to erect large roof structures with traditional erection techniques due to require of large number of temporary bracing and supports. The erection of large roof structures requires special techniques. As one of these special techniques is the Step-Up election method that utilizes jack-up supports and this will extremely saves time and cost to erect large roof structures. The objective of this study is to analysis the buckling characteristics of single-layer lamella domes according to the support number and position. From the result of this study, we obtained the fundamental data for the structural engineers who design the temporary support of large roof structures.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.79-98
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to find the desirable R&D policies in defense area by analyzing causality between GDP and R&D investments in government, private, defense sectors. We have five variables which are composed of GDP, total R&D investment, R&D investments in government, private and defense sectors to figure out the causality between R&D investment in defense sector and other components. In the course of analysis on causality, we took the unit root test of variables to prevent spurious regression. Also we need to take cointegration test about non-stationary variables before the causality test. According to these test results, we took the causality test using ECM(Error Correction Model) for the models which have cointegrating relations. And we took ordinary Granger causality test for model which doesn't have a long-run stationary relationship. As a result of the causality test, it was shown that there exists the long-nu causality to GDP and R&D investments in government and private sectors from other variables. However, there doesn't exist the causality to defense R&D investment from other variables. We found that there doesn't exist the causality between R&D investments in defense and private sectors, and that they are independent.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.750-750
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• 2002

The Airship PKNU is a roughly 12 m (32 ft) long blimp, filled with helium, whose two-gasoline power(3hp per engine) are independently radio controlled. The motors and propellers can be tilted and are attached to the gondola through an axle and supporting braces. Four stabilizing fins are mounted at the tail of the airship. To fill in the helium, a valve is placed at the bottom of the hull. The inaugural flight was on jul. 31.2002 at the Pusan, S.korea Most environment monitoring system\ problem use satellite image. But, Low resolution satellite image (multi-spectral) : 1km ∼ 250 m ground resolutions is lows. So, detail information acquisition is hard at the complex terrain. High resolution satellite image (black and white) 30m : The ground resolution is high. But it is high price, visit cycle and delivery time is long So. We want make high accuracy airship photogrammetry system. This airship can catch picture Multi. spectral Aerial photographing (visible, Near infrared and thermal infrared), and High resolution (over 6million pixel). It can take atmosphere datum (Temperature (wet bulb, dew point, general), Pressure (static, dynamic), Humidity, wind speed). this airship is very Quickness that aircraft install time is lower than 30 minutes, it is compact and that conveyance is easy. High-capacity save image (628 cut per 1time (over 6million and 4band(R,G,B,NIR)) and this airship can save datum this High accuracy navigatin (position and rotate angle) by DGPS tech. and Gyro system. this airship will do monitor about red-tide, sea surface temperate, and CH-A, SS and etc.