• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.60
• /
• pp.141-175
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study aims to the implications by the introduction of TSU/BPO system as a instrument of trade settlement. Jointly with financial messaging provider SWIFT, the ICC Banking Commission has developed the URBPO to take into account the legitimate expectations of all relevant sectors. Once the goods have been shipped, the seller's bank uploads the shipping and logistics data to the TSU to be checked against the baseline. URBPO is the first ever set of standards in supply chain finance that governs BPO transactions worldwide. BPO enables banks to reduce the risks associated with international trade to the benefit of both buyers and sellers. A BPO is an irrevocable undertaking given by an Obliger Bank to a Recipient Bank to pay a specified amount under the condition of a successful electronic matching of data or acceptance of mismatches. The BPO should be viewed as an exercise in collaboration between trading partners and their banks. Drawings upon global standards and incorporating the benefits offered by letters of credit, the new instrument has the potential to benefit all parties in a trade transaction-and bring trade settlement into the 21st century.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.113-127
• /
• 2011

An RFID system has been widely applied in many areas over the initial SCM application. In the literature enormous RFID applications in healthcare are documented to improve patient safety, patient/provider logistics, and the efficiency of collecting data. Based on the proposed 4-layered RFID system architecture, we introduce a case that implemented an UHF passive RFID-based tracking system in an outpatient clinic. Particularly, we propose a method to process RFID data that contains noise and missing reads. The proposed method for processing unreliable RFID data is capable to locate the tag accurately and provide additional business information. We finally conclude the paper with identifying obstacles and what is necessary to ensure system reliability.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2008

Textile industry of Domestic has beeb confronted with Free Trade, and Regional Trade Blocks. In addition, textile industry market is changing from the provider market-oriented to consumer-driven market. RFID is the core technology to correspond in the these environmental change. In this study, we reviewed characteristic and present condition of domestic textile industry and newest technology aspect of RFID. Also, we suggested application plan of RFID technology in textile industry through the analyzing RFID application case of domestic and outside the country textile industry. More precisely, it is propsed that tracking, inspecting and logistics management of raw materials or yarn in up-stream, and Development hysteresis and process management of textile fabrics in middle-stream sector, theftproofing or returning clothes and providing information of products in down-stream sector, through RFID Technology.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.5-14
• /
• 2021

Purpose: We examined informational justice, cognitive trust, and satisfaction in healthcare distribution market and their associations within the physician-patient (provider-purchaser) relationship. Methodology: 253 valid survey samples collected from patients and used structural equation modelling for analysis. Findings: We postulated that (1) physicians' informational justice has a positive impact on patients' cognitive trust, (2) patients' cognitive trust has a positive impact on satisfaction, and (3) patients' perceived informational justice has a positive impact on satisfaction. Participants were 253 people who had visited a hospital in South Korea in the past year. Results confirmed that the presence of informational justice has a positive impact on patients' cognitive trust and satisfaction in the physician-patient relationship. Additionally, once cognitive trust was built, it positively influenced patients' satisfaction. We discussed the concept and the impacts of informational justice in light of our analyses regarding patients' perceived cognitive trust and their satisfaction in the physician-patient relationship. Implications: These results emphasize the importance of ethics in healthcare, particularly physicians' frankness and honesty when providing information to patients. Further, these findings present implications for physician education, as part of their training must involve building their patients' cognitive trust as a prerequisite for developing patient satisfaction.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2023

After being kept in bonded areas and bonded logistics warehouses, the level of information sharing and progress confirmation on the process until the cargo is released is insufficient, resulting in disputes and legal disputes related to unauthorized and illegal delivery of cargo. This study attempted to present the introduction of standard electronic documents as a way to solve problems such as delivery practices raised in the delivery of existing imported cargo and legal disputes related to unauthorized illegal delivery among import-related entities. The service provider who manages the bonded warehouse/logistics center in the hinterland of Busan New Port and the shipper service user who use the service were classified into two groups, and a survey was conducted to analyze the difference in perception between the two groups. As a result of the analysis, both groups judged that the introduction of standard electronic documents was necessary, and showed high expected effects in preventing and reducing erroneous shipments and preventing and improving unauthorized and illegal shipments. Discussions between related organizations, related parties, and subjects are needed first to introduce standard electronic documents of the entry and warehouse management system, and the actual participation of related entities such as service providers and service users will play a very important role in establishing the system.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2019

Purpose - The Korean child welfare services may have different feelings between providers and users. Few studies on the child welfare service quality have been conducted and research on the coorientation model of child welfare services are nonexistent. We compared the perceptions of Korean child welfare service providers and users in this study. It will have many applications in the service quality fields by applying a coorientation model. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to enhance user satisfaction with child welfare services, around 200 samples were carried out both in Busan and Kyungsangnamdo randomly. Seven point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire. Two measurements were made to evaluate the different positions on the part of child welfare service providers and users to assess their mutual orientation. Paired t-test verification was conducted for congruency analysis, and the verification of agreement and accuracy was analyzed by independent t-tests. Results - We empirically examined the differences between the providers and the users stance. The results are as follows. We have verified the statistical significance of the difference in perception between providers and users. We also confirmed a degree of agreement, a degree of congruency, a degree of accuracy and a degree of meta agreement in the study. In the Korean child welfare service quality, the coorientation model of process quality appeared in the form of semi-dissensus, the coorientation model of results quality were shown in the form of ignorances and the coorientation model of physical environment quality were investigated in the form of semi-dissensus. Conclusion - The study concluded that users need to understand more about the providers in order to enhance the coorientation model in process quality and physical environmental quality, and the providers need to persuade the users clearly about the positive factors. To enhance the coorientation model of the result quality, it can be misunderstood by guessing that the other party will positively evaluate it. Therefore, users believe that they need to talk more clearly to the provider about the results of the korean child welfare service quality to reduce misunderstandings and to understand each other about the resulting quality.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.63-73
• /
• 2015

Purpose - Satisfaction with service is evaluated according to customers' subjective judgment. The expected value of customer service and its evaluations depend on the customers' position. The customer recognizes two different forms of service levels. One is satisfaction and the other is dissatisfaction. Customers who are satisfied want to receive the service in future. However, those dissatisfied try to change the service. The service provider tries to improve the service. There are two different service cycles. One is the successful cycle and the other is the failure cycle. This study aimed to empirically determine the effects of the justice and authenticity of service recovery on customer behavioral intention through an integrated approach to cognitive justice and psychological authenticity. Research design, data, and methodology - Based on a literature review, justice of service recovery was categorized into three types: distributive, procedural, and interactive. Then, authenticity was added to obtain four independent variables, along with recovery satisfaction as a parameter. Behavioral intention, as an outcome variable, was divided into the repurchase intention and positive word-of-mouth. The model and hypotheses were created and measurement items were developed. A questionnaire survey of items concerning the service recovery experience at family restaurants was conducted on college students and residents in Gwangju from September 30 to October 31, 2013. A total of 400 copies of the questionnaire were sent out and 385 were returned. Respondents answered questions about the importance of, and satisfaction with service recovery on a 5-point Likert scale. Excluding 174 copies without service failure experiences and 7 inappropriate copies, 204 copies were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 for Windows and AMOS 20.0 to determine the reliability and validity of measurements. The hypotheses were tested through a goodness-of-fit analysis. Results - First, distributive justice positively affected recovery satisfaction. Second, procedural and interactive justice had no impact. Third, authenticity positively affected recovery satisfaction. Fourth, distributive justice had relatively stronger effects on recovery satisfaction than authenticity. Fifth, recovery satisfaction significantly affected repurchase intention and positive word-of-mouth and it proved effective in mediation. Finally, additional analysis was performed for descriptive statistics of the principal variables by various demographic characteristics and significant differences were found in gender, occupation, and so on. Conclusions - This study has academic significance as the fairness and authenticity of service recovery were investigated to reveal the effects on behavior. The findings could be applied to a wide range of service recovery strategies. However, there are some limitations. First, data was collected only from the residents of Gwangju and most respondents were aged 20-30. Future studies should target a wide range of areas and age groups. Second, because the questionnaire used in this study targets only convenience family restaurants, the results of this study cannot be generalized to all services companies. Future research should be done on a wide range of industries such as hotels, airlines, and hospitals, and perform a comparison between sectors.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.29-46
• /
• 2019

O2O services, a form of mobile commerce, are increasing due to the widespread use of smartphones and the rational consumption trend of young consumers. In addition, the introduction of Social Commerce's O2O service has transformed customer experience into innovation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of O2O service characteristics and social commerce provider characteristics on the social commerce 's O2O service as a social psychological image that consumers have at the point of purchase and use time, as a smart shopper feeling and a cheapness shopper feeling. And the relationship between consumer satisfaction and intention to use through Structure Equation Modeling, and to suggest the implications for O2O service management that can provide greater satisfaction to consumers by identifying the process of creating satisfaction of O2O service. The results of the study show that price discounts and scarcity of social commerce's O2O service characteristics have shown that it increases smart shopper feeling. Also, it was confirmed that brand awareness and ease of purchase, which are characteristics of social commerce, confirms the increase of cheapness shopper feeling. We also confirmed the effect of smart shopper feeling and cheapness shopper feeling on satisfaction. This satisfaction has a positive effect on the intention to use. The result of this study is that it is necessary to reduce the cheapness shopper feeling of consumers and to emphasize the price discount and scarcity so that the smart shopper feeling occurs in order to satisfy the consumers who purchase O2O service products.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2004

The study purpose was to find which factors affect selection of hospital network types. This study used the 1998 American Hospital Association Annual Survey Database from Health Forum. Among these U.S. hospitals, the researcher selected hospitals located in Metropolitan Statistical Areas. Therefore the final observation cases for analysis are 1,971 Metropolitan Statistical Area hospitals in the United States. To identify significant variables influencing hospital network types, the study used proportional odds logistics regression model on population size, Health Maintenance Organization penetration rate, and market competition rate of area including a hospital, types of hospital ownership, hospital bed size, proportion of Medicare patients and Medicaid patients in total hospital patients, and occupancy rate. Contrary to conventional wisdom, selection of hospital network types was influenced by population size of area which a hospital located, types of ownership, hospital bed size, and proportion of medicare patients rather than Health Maintenance Organization penetration. Population size 1,000,000-2,499,999 had the highest probability of selecting type IV (clinical-vertical integration) from an independent hospital, and a religious group owned hospitals and for-profit owned hospitals had the highest probability of selecting Type IV (clinical-vertical integration) from an independent hospital. A bed size had positive relation on selecting Type IV (clinical-vertical integration) from an independent hospital. Unlikely general belief that the selecting types of hospital network was determined by the change of health insurance policy such as Health Maintenance Organizations and Preferred Provider Organizations, the types of hospital network were influenced by community characteristics such as population size, and hospital characteristics.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.3-33
• /
• 2010

Paperless trade is a new trade paradigm that has innovated on traditional trade procedures, which relied on manual work in the past, and applied an IT-based e-document standard. To realize paperless trade in Korea, a lot of efforts have been made. Korea has overcome many difficulties, a lack of awareness, trials and errors, etc. at the initial introduction stage and strived to establish a stable infrastructure through the government's policy support and active cooperation with the trade business communities and related organizations. Now, Korea became a well-known leader in IT industry, especially in the paperless trade infrastructure and strategic policies. The one-stop trading system named 'uTradeHub' is operated by a paperless trade service provider, Korea Trade Network(KTNET). uTradeHub includes trade finance and settlement, customs clearance and export and import logistics, improving trading procedures and reducing related expenses. Private-Public joint efforts from Korean government and private sectors which have respectively fulfilled their role and function with market-oriented practical policies and strategies has lead Korea a world leading country in paperless trade. Moreover, Korea expended its efforts to the global areas. Korea has started to activate multi-national paperless trade alliances such as PAA(Pan-Asia e-Commerce Alliance), ASEAL(Asia Europe Alliance for Paperless Trading) as well as established the bilateral cooperative networks with China and Taiwan. The one-stop trading system, uTradeHub should keep close cooperations between nations since trade itself is implemented in a cross-border ways. In the near future, it is expected uTradeHub can achieve best results in the simplification of procedures and cost savings when an international linkage is completely established with international cooperations.