• Land and Housing Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

This study was started to study the buffer zone of Daejeon metropolitan city in order to study the policy and environment for the suitability evaluation of the use of green buffer zone. The target of the study was selected as the buffer zone of western buffer, which is frequently used in the Daejeon Metropolitan City, and a preliminary index was selected to evaluate the suitability of the green buffer zone. AHP analysis was conducted to increase the reliability of the preliminary indicators and the weight was analyzed by questionnaires to experts and practitioners. In addition, based on the existing statistical data, we rebuilt the green buffer zone and investigated the current condition, and compared and analyzed the green buffer zone and the places where they did not. The results are as follow. First, unlike the statute interpretation that construction can not be done in buffered green spaces, green buffer zones have been utilized in various ways. However, the lack of advanced citizen consciousness of the residents, the responsibility of the responsible person, and the problem of the management office alone are causing problems. Second, according to the results of AHP questionnaire analysis, functional and stability among the appropriateness indexes of green buffer zone utilization were evaluated highly. Park accessibility and utilization potential also weighed somewhat, and it was judged that the epochal trend was more important in the use of green buffer zones. Third, analysis of the status of Western green buffer zones in Daejeon showed that the utilization rate was more than half. This suggests the necessity of judging the appropriateness of the application of the green buffer zone effectively due to the change of the perception of the green buffer zone of the residents. Fourth, as a result of comparing and analyzing the site where the site is used and the site where it is not, it is found that it is used within a range that does not greatly affect each index. However, as the stability has decreased, we have decided that the utilization method is most damaging to the green zone, and we should strive to improve the stability in future. Finally, the analysis of a red clay road and a red clay road sites decreased from Class I of stability to Grade II. However, the fall figure showed a difference between the 13 % drop rate of the target location and the 5% decline rate of utilization. The difference was analyzed as the difference of width of a red clay road. This can be regarded as one of the ways of damaging the green zone to the minimum extent, which is a great advantage in selecting the future utilization plan.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 2011

Construction works have become larger and more complex, improving productivity by introducing Information Technology (IT) is pursued. In this circumstance, many different kinds of project management system is being introduced, and various IT technologies are applied such as Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), Bar Code, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Web Camera, and so on. However, these kinds of technologies might cause reprocessing of information and ineffectiveness of project because of lack of real time information processing technology or separation between construction sites and management offices. Therefore, this research aims to develop Application that can be applied efficiently for construction material management, by understanding problems of former management system with questionnaires and extracting functions with analysis of requirements. This will be possible to input information automatically, to process and check material information in real time, and to identify the location of necessary material. Then, the problem of separation between construction sites and management offices are solved, and as a result, more efficient management of materials in construction sites will become possible.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.5B
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• pp.456-477
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• 2006

Due to advances in wireless communication technology and increasing demand for various types of wireless access, cellular, WLAN, and portable internet(such as WiBro and IEEE 802.16) systems are likely to be integrated into a unified wireless access system. This expectation premises the availability of multi-mode handsets and cooperative interworking of heterogenous wireless access networks allied by roaming contracts. Under such environments, a user may lie in the situation where more than one wireless accesses are available at his/her location, and he/she will want to choose the 'best' access among them. In this paper, we define the 'best' access(es) as the access(es) that charges minimum cost while fulfilling the required QoS of wireless access, and address the problem of choosing the optimal set of accesses theoretically by introducing a graph representation of service environment. Two optimal selection algorithms are proposed, which individually consider cases where single or multiple wireless access can be supported by multi-mode handsets.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.31-37
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• 2016

Ranging is divided into a synchronous scheme and an asynchronous scheme according to the presence of global synchronization between nodes. In general, the asynchronous ranging is preferred over synchronous ranging because it does not require an expensive high-precision oscillator for the global synchronization. On the other hand, in a conventional asynchronous ranging scheme, the packets, which are generated by all nodes in a positioning system of a large-scale infrastructure and need to be sent for localization by reference nodes, are considerable, which cause an increase in network traffic as the number of nodes increases. The traffic congestion lowers the throughput of the network leading to a considerable loss of energy. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a ranging scheme, in which virtual transmission slots randomly and discretely selected by a plurality of nodes are used to reduce the overheads needed in synchronizing the nodes, and the ranging is performed asynchronously based on the virtual transmission slots, thereby decreasing the network traffic. In addition, a performance test proved that the proposed ranging scheme was stronger than the TWR and SDS-TWR on an error range, even though the intensity of traffic was very low.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 2011

Various standard terminologies in medical field are composed individually to different structure. Therefore, information on crosswalking between the terminologies is needed to combine and use the terminologies. Lots of mapping tools have been developed and used to create the information. However, since those tools deal with specific terminologies, the information is restrictly created. To overcome this problem, some tools have been developed, which perform mapping tasks by composing various terminologies. However, the tools also have difficulty of composing automatically the terminologies because the terminologies have different structures. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method for composing and using the terminologies in the developed mapping system with keeping the original structure of the terminologies. In the proposed method, additional terminologies could be added on the mapping system and used by making metadata involving information on location and structure of the terminologies. And the mapping system could cope flexibly with the changes of the structure or context of the terminologies. Moreover, various types of mapping information could be defined and created in the system because mapping data are constructed as triplets in ontology. Therefore, the mapping data can be transformed and distributed in different formats such as OWL, RDF, and Excel. Finally, we confirmed the usefulness of the mapping system based on the proposed method through the experiments about creating mapping data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.24-25
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• 1965

A statistical study was made on the size of sample plot to be used in the preparation of a yield table. This has always been an important problem needing solution in Korea. For this purpose, 3 replications of Korean white pine plantings with block size of $80m{\times}80m$ were established in the Kwangneung Experimental Forest. A location map was prepared of the pines in the blocks and the heights and the breast height diameters measured. Then those blocks were divided into 64, 64, 16, 16, 4, 4, and 1 standed $40m{\times}80m$ and $80m{\times}80m$ each. After these divisions, the average heights, average breast height diameters, standard deviations and coefficient of variations were computed for the plots and averaged according to plot size. As the results of these computations, it was shown that the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation suddenly increased with the beginning of an increase in plot size. However, these indicated an approximately constant value at a certain limit. Although the average value decreases with the initial increase in plot size, it also indicates an approximately constant value at a certain limit. This limit was between $20m{\times}40m$ and $40m{\times}40m$. With the purpose of evaluating these facts, the average height and the average diameter were computed for the number of standing trees in the $10m{\times}10m$ plots. A negative (minus) relationship was found between the number of standing trees and the average value. As a result of above evaluation, it was found that when the size of plot area was small, a larger estimated value, was obtained as well as a smaller standard deviation and coefficient of variation. It is possible, therefore, that an incorrect value might be used in the evalution of data as the stand structure could appear to be uniform when the plot size was small. In general, when the size of plot area is larger than $40m{\times}40m$, the probability of the difficulty occurring mentioned above is estimated to be small.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.716-727
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• 2015

The location and distribution of daycare centers do not reflect local daycare demand enough although government has increased facilities and financial supports to solve the low birthrate as a social problem. This study tried to examine spatial inequality of daycare center distribution by comparing the number of daycare facilities between city and rural communities in Jeollanam-Do. Analyzing the differences between city (5 Cities) and rural area (17 Guns) in Jeollanam-Do, it has been found that there were large differences in the number of available facilities per 1,000 children between Cities (10.9 facilities) and Guns as rural area (6.2 facilities). The average number of facilities in each City and Gun also showed a large discrepancy as a City has 147.8 facilities and a Gun has 15.4 facilities, respectively. There were total 78 Dong or Myeon with no facility at all as a dead zone of daycare, and 8 of them were Myeons in cities with 560 children, which accounted for 0.7% of total population of children in cities. On the other hand, 70 Myeons in Guns with 5,269 children have no facilities at all, which accounted for 11% of total population of children in Guns. Public facilities that parents prefer were more in cities (87) than Guns (28). Therefore, it is necessary to consider various childcare policies with minimizing discrepancies between city and rural area and investigating more accurate local demands and characteristics.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.365-370
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• 2007

Purpose: There are many reports about facial bone fractures, but limited to retrospective data of a single hospital. Etiology and severity of the facial bone fracture have been changed and treatment method and materials have been advanced. In order to reflect those changes and provide up-to-date data of the facial bone fractures in Daegu, we gathered the data and analyzed the epidemiologic study. Methods: The medical records of 1058 fractures in 895 patients were gathered from 5 general hospitals in Daegu during last year and these data were analyzed by following parameters: age, sex, place of residence, occupation, cause of injury, time of injury, location of fracture, length of in-hospital stay, time of operation, treatment method, associated injury, complication. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. Results: Most commonly involved age group was 20s(26%) and the sex ratio was 3.4:1(male predominance). Fractures were occurred more in unban and white-color workers. Among variable etiology of injury, traffic accident was the most common cause. Time of injury was heighest at 6 to 7 P.M., on Sunday, in July. Locations of fractures were following sequence: nasal, zygoma, mandible, orbit, maxilla. Mean length of in-hospital stay and time of operation after injury were 6.3 and 3.2 days, respectively. In treatment methods, operative methods were dominant than conservative management and general anesthesia were favored than local anesthesia. Associated injuries were noticed in 188 cases(21.2%) and complications were in 94 cases(8.9%) and among them, ocular problem were common. Conclusion: Compared to previous studies, mean age of occurrence was lowered and the etiologies showed age-specific pattern and reflected the change of lifestyle. In young age groups, sports injury, violence were more dominant and the other hand, traffic accident and fall were dominant in older groups.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.286-292
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• 2010

Purpose: Stability of joints and maintenance of range of motion are needed for optimum function. The most common complaint about the elbow joint is joint stiffness. Recent articles have reported good outcomes in the treatment of stiff elbow joints. However, deciding which procedure to use is always difficult. Materials and Methods: Morrey et al. reported that the functional range of motion of the elbow joint is $30-130^{\circ}$ of flexion-extension and $50^{\circ}C$ of supination and pronation. About 90% of daily activities are done using this range of motion. Stiff elbow joints can be classified according to the traumatic events that caused the problem or the location of the main pathology. Intraarticular pathology includes severe articular mismatch, intraarticular adhesions, loss of articular cartilage, mechanical blockade by osteophytes, loose bodies, and hypertrophied synovium. Extraarticular pathology includes severe capsular adhesion due to the trauma or to dislocation, contracture of the collateral ligaments or muscles, bony bridge. Results and Conclusions: The main pathology underlying the loss of extension is the fibrous contracture of the anterior capsule. In this pathology, an anterior capsulectomy would be helpful. The main pathology underlying the loss of flexion is the contracture of the posterior band of medial collateral ligament.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 1991

Infarct size is a major determinant of prognosis after acute myocardial infarction. Up to date, however, clinically available tests to estimate this size have not been sufficiently accurate. Twelve lead electrocardiogram and wall motion abnormality measurement are not quantitative, and creatine phophokinase (CPK) measurement is inaccurate in the presence of reperfusion or right ventricular infarction. Methods have been developed to localize and size acute myocardial infarcts with agents that are selectively sequestered in areas of myocardial damage, but previously used agents have lacked sufficient specificity. Antibodies that bind specifically only to damaged myocardial cells may resolve this problem and provide an accurate method for noninvasively measuring infarct size. We determined the accuracy with which infarcted myocardial mass can be measured using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and radiolabeled antimyosin antibodies. Seven patients with acute myocardial infarction and one stable angina patient were injected with 2 mCi of Indium-111 labeled antimyosin antibodies. Planar image and SPECT was performed 24 hours later. None of the patients had history of prior infarcts, and none had undergone reperfusion techniques prior to the study, which was done within 4 days of the attack. Planar image showed all infarct patients to have postive uptakes in the cardiac region. The location of this uptake correlated to the infarct site as indicated by electrocardiography in most of the cases. The angina patient, however, showed no such abnormal uptake. Infarct size was determined from transverse slices of the SPECT image using a 45% threshold value obtained from a phantom study. Measured infarct size ranged from 40 to 192 gr. There was significant correlation between the infarct size measured by SPECT and that estimated from serial measurements of CPK (r=0.73, p<0.05). These date suggest that acute myocardial infarct size can be accurately measured from SPECT Indium-111 antimyosin imaging. This method may be especially valuable in situations where other methods are unreliable, such as early reperfusion technique, right ventricular infarct or presence of prior infarcts.