• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.9-11
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• 2011

This study aims to clarify how commissioned welfare volunteers could play a role of evacuation assistance for people with special needs in case of flood disaster which occurred in Sayo-cho, Hyogo prefecture by Typhoon 9th in August, 2009. Both questionnaire research and interview was conducted to commissioned welfare volunteers. As a result we found that the delay of official evacuation council caused some confusion. As commissioned welfare volunteers had not got enough information on evacuation assistance from local government it was difficult to decide and initiate early evacuation against flood disaster. Development of collaboration with community manpower is inevitable for effective evacuation assistance on elderly and disabled people.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.6_1
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• pp.499-505
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• 2007

A method of improving the correctness and confidence in land use classification as well as urban spatial structure analysis of local governments using GIS and satellite imagery is suggested. This study also compares and analyzes LSAS (Land Suitability Assessment System) results using two approaches-LSAS with priority classification, and LSAS using standard estimation factors without priority classification. The conclusions that can be drawn from this study are as follows. First, a method of maintaining up-to-date local government data by updating the LSAS database using high-resolution satellite imagery is suggested. Second, to formulate a scientific and reasonable land use plan from the viewpoint of territory development and urban management, a method of simultaneously processing the two described approaches is suggested. Finally, LSAS was constructed by using varieties of land information such as the cadastral map, the digital topographic map, varieties of thematic maps, and official land price data, and expects to utilize urban management plan establishment widely and effectively through regular data updating and problem resolution of data accuracy.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.148-168
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• 2020

In April, 2020, amid widespread fear of a second wave of infections of the novel coronavirus in China, local authorities in Guangzhou cracked down on the city's black population, resulting in mass evictions of Africans. The incident raises several questions about racism in China. How should we interpret this heavy-handed treatment of black people? Was this an isolated incident? What motivated such operations? In this article, I explain social control of Guangzhou's African communities as a problem of municipal politics. What underlies the government's heavy handed approach, I argue, are those communities' ties to rurality, which constitute a roadblock in the city's urban upgrade. Using Dengfeng Village, one of the best known African communities in China, as a case study, I show that efforts to upgrade the area by the local state and the real estate industry were frustrated by the community's status as an urban village. Africans, whom Chinese have historically associated with rurality, are seen as contributing to a space that has long been stigmatized as a spatial manifestation of rural people's lack of self-discipline. To better reveal the interconnection between social control and urban politics, I place official action in context of the history of the community's formation and the lived experience. This analysis of Dengfeng applies to various extents to other major African communities in Guangzhou.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.278-289
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• 2013

In the democratic country, it is the very natural principle that political party makes the candidate. In spite of that the nomination of political party abolition issue is not in the local election the problem of is being easily solved. Therefore, the recent argument about the nomination of political party of the basic local election and overseas case were organized and the reasonable alternative was sought for. As to the argument related to the nomination of political party, the discussion in which the groping of the waste paper or new alternative is needed stops so that the existing politicians can overcome the nomination of political party evil in spite of the opposition position. In the positive investigation, the populations which are many in the waste paper of the system of public nomination by party agree. However, the bad effect that can be shown up according to the waste paper of the nomination of political party is the woman allocation door. Therefore, some alternatives were presented in the bad effect that can be shown up according to the waste paper of the nomination of political party. This alternative is the participation subject expansion, the introduction of political party claim to support, the introduction of local political party system, the application of upward official nomination procedure, and etc. The participation subject expansion presented logically as the optimum alternative among this method, the decision of the alternative should be confirmed through the social agreement procedure.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.153-167
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• 2018

Despite many criticisms that topographic survey data for the official land price appraising collected annually using field survey method might be inaccurate, there is only few concrete research on it. This paper investigated whether the topographic survey data collected by a local government using field survey method is consistent with the data analyzed using the digital elevation model to examine its accuracy. The accuracy analysis indicated that 324 out of 1537 lots of land have inconsistent results which means the ratio of inconsistency is 17.36%. Among 11 areas studied, five had the inconsistency ratio above 20% while the worst one had 38.71%. The inconsistency ratio is generally higher for the rough terrain with irregular slope and high altitude while it is relatively lower for the terrain with smooth landform. The analysis results imply that there are limitations in investigating the topology by field survey method. Therefore, the official land price appraising policy should set precise criterion and change over to highly accurate geographic information analysis method to effectively and accurately examine topology, given the fact that the topology of the Republic of Korea has complicated features with irregular slope and altitude.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.37
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• pp.33-61
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• 2009

In the late Koryo period, until 14th century, there had been at least two groups of Manchurians who were conferred citizenships; one group was living as an original inhabitant in the coastal area of north­eastern part of Korean peninsular, long time ago, and they were over one thousand households. The other was coming down from inland, eastern part of Yoha River, to the area of Tuman River to settle down and they were at least around one hundred and sixty households, including such tribes as Al-tha-ry, Ol-lyang-hap, Ol-jok-hap and others. They were treated courteously, from the early days of Choson dynasty, with governmental policies in an economic, political, and social ways. They were given, for instance, a house, a land, household furniture, and clothes. They were allowed to get marry with a native Korean to settle down. They were educated how to cultivate their lands. It was also possible for them to be given an official position politically or allowed to take a National Civil Official Examination. The fact they could take such an Examination, in particular, means they were treated fairly and equally, because they also had a privilege to improve their social positions through the formal system as much as common people. Two typical families were scrutinized, in this paper, family Chong-hae Lee and family Chon-ju Ju. All of them were successful to settle down with different backgrounds each other. The former were from a headman, Lee Jee-ran, who controlled his tribe, over five hundred households. He was given three titles of a meritorious retainer at the founding of Chosun dynasty, at the retrieval of armies, and an enshrined retainer. His son, Lee Wha-yong, was also given a vassal of merit who kept a close tie successfully with the king's family through a marriage. Upon the foundation of their ancestors, their grandsons, family Lee Hyo-yang and family Lee Hyo-gang, each, had taken solid root as an aristocratic Yang-ban class. The former became a high officer family, generation by generation, while the latter changed into a civil official family through Civil Official Examinations. They lived mainly around Seoul, Kyong-gi Province and some lived in their original places, Ham-kyong Province. Chu-man, the first ancestor, was given a meritorious retainer at the founding of the dynasty and Chu-in was also given a high officer position from the government. They kept living at the original place, Ham-heung, Ham-kyong Province, and then became an outstanding local family there. They began to pass the Civil Official Examinations. After 17th century on the passers were 17 in Civil Official Examinations and 40 were passed in lower civil examinations. The positions in government they attained usually were remonstrance which position was prohibited particularly to North­Western people at that time. The Chosun dynasty was open to Machurians widely through the system of envoy, convoy, and naturalization. It was intended to build up an enclosure policy through a friendly diplomatic relation with them against any possible invasion from outside. This is one reason why they were supported fully that much in a various way.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.54
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• pp.58-75
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• 2011

This study explores the management of cable local channel and its related issue of renewed license. Programming of the local channel is the special obligation duty on the cable system operators(SO) under the article 70 (3) of the Broadcast Act. The law provides that SO should operate a local channel which produce, program and transmit the local information, a broadcast program guide and the official announcement items etc. under the conditions as prescribed by Presidential Decree. And the article 55 of the Enforcement Decree defines the scope of broadcast program which transmit through the local channels. And the Korea Communications Commission(KCC) grants a renewed licence 3-5 years based on the level of contribution to the development of local community under the article 31 of the Broadcasting Act and the Rules of Broadcast Evaluation. However, the management of local channel does not give the operators real benefit for the investment of a significant cost, and it could be a reason why the local channel programming has not been vitalizing despite of the legal coercion. To solve the several research questions, this study used in-depth interviews with the experts concerned and literature review for the government documents. The result shows that each SO local channel schedule almost 24 hour a day, but much of them is the repeat programming. In addition to that, the outcome reveals that the scale of the cost investment on the local channel is decreasing and the evaluation score of its management is not so positive figures. These result indicates that the policy of the cable local channel needs revised policy alternatives or paradigm on the basis of realistic goals.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.479-491
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to seek the recognition and development method of the competency assessment in order to set up the competency assessment system introduced for the manager promotion in B metropolitan city. The following conclusion were obtained by studying the recognition of competency assesment system of candidates for promotion and non-candidates. First, it is found that non-candidates have a higher recognition of the necessity of competency assessment system and its credibility, fairness and influence on relieving nepotism than candidates for promotion. Second, competency factors that recognized to be necessary for the performance of manager's role were direction guidance, fostering members, integrative thinking and communication in sequence by candidates for promotion, while direction guidance, communication, integrative thinking and management of organization in sequence the non-candidates. Third, in terms of the operational aspect of the competency assessment system, both candidates and non-candidates wanted a pass rate of 70~90%. And the time required for the assessment task was most favored for 1~2hrs, and the judges of the competency assessment were preferred in the order of professors, public official, consultants, and headhunters. Fourth, $1^{st}$ candidates than non-candidates recognized that the person who are from $5^{th}$ or $7^{th}$ class appointment are younger, have high education, are better at presenting, are in administrative positions, and are more optimistic would be more advantageous in competency assessment.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.69
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• pp.83-114
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• 2017

The purpose of this article is to analyze the standings of working-level officials belonging to Jongbusi (Court of the Royal Clan) holding the rank of "jeong" and below between the 18th and mid-19th Century. Jongbusi, which was headed by a Grade-3 official, was in charge of the compilation of royal genealogy and supervision of royal relatives. During the late Joseon Period, its officials were composed of its chief, jeong, jubu (Grade-6 official), and jikjang (Grade-7 official). By 1864, it was incorporated into Jongchinbu (Office of the Royal Relatives). Jongbusi nangcheong seonsaengan (Register of Staff Officials at the Court of the Royal Clan), which is preserved at the Jangseogak Archives of the Academy of Korean Studies, lists the officials who served at the office between 1794 and its incorporation into Jongchinbu in 1864. The register also includes the officials' ranks, names, DOBs, family clans, their ranks in the offices they were transferred from, their ranks in the office they were transferred to, etc. Those interested view it as a precious relic that provides valuable information on the officialdom of the dynasty. A majority of the officials who served at Jongbusi were those who passed the higher civil service examination. Many of them at the level of jikjang were those who passed the licentiate examination. Their designation as an official was part of the "muneum" system, which granted official posts to descendants of those who accomplished a distinguished service for the country or served as a high-ranking official. They were those transferred from equal or lower positions in another office. Many of jubu-level officials of Jongbusi were those transferred from honorable and important posts of other offices or local administrative offices. Many of jikjang-level officials of Jongbusi were those who previously served as dosa (assistant officials) at Uigeumbu (Bureau of Crime Investigation) headed by a Grade-1 official. The officials' transfer to an office with a lower position like Jongbusi appears to have been for the provision of placing them in working-level positions rather than letting them remain in positions only carrying an honorary title. As for the transfer of officials of Jongbusi to other offices, many of those with the rank of jeong were transferred to lower positions. Supposedly it was because not many Grade-3 positions were vacant. Many of them were transferred to honorable and important posts. Some of them were also transferred to positions at local government offices, supposedly to avoid an excess of personnel at the central government. Those at the level of jubu or jikjang of Jongbusi were transferred to equal or higher posts in other offices. Particularly, most of those holding the position of jikjang (Grade-7) were transferred to higher posts. The family clan that produced the largest number (10%) of Jongbusi officials was the Jeonju Yi Clan, which produced the largest number of those who passed the higher civil service examination. It was also found that the top 20 family clans produced about half of the entirety of Jongbusi officials. According to the aforesaid Jongbusi nangcheong seonsaengan, about 90% of the cases of promotion of Jongbusi officials occurred after the revision of Seonwon boryak (Royal Genealogy of the Joseon Dynasty). It is speculated that the supervision of royal family members, one of the two leading functions assigned to Jongbusi, was suspended in the late Joseon Period. The relevant function does not appear even in chronicles pertaining to the Joseon Dynasty. The reason being had something to do with the sharp decrease in the number of royal family members during the reign of King Injo (r. 1623-1649). Their number was decreased to the extent that royal ceremonies could not be adequately carried out. Naturally, the meaning of supervising royal family members faded. Witnessing such a sorry state of the royal family, Heungseon Daewongun, King Gojong's father who served as the regent, incorporated Jongbusi into Jongchinbu in an effort to enhance the status and authority of the royal family.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.209-228
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• 2011

Many studies such as Pepin (1999a; 1999b), Kaiser (2002), and Park & Leung (2006) revealed that there is a strong dependence of mathematics teaching on cultural traditions in different countries. This study was set up as a detailed comparison between the intended curricula in Berlin and Hong Kong to explore how cultural tradition influenced the intended curriculum. In this study, the intended curriculum is what the (local, state or national) curriculum developers stipulate in the official documents. The German educational system is influenced by the curriculum tradition called Didaktik. Didaktik is a tradition about teaching and learning. Since 16th century, Didaktik has been the most important tool for planning, enacting, and thinking about teaching in most of northern and central Europe (Westbury, 1998). On the other hand, the education system in Hong Kong is influenced by both the Anglo-Saxon curriculum tradition and the Confucian heritage culture (CHC). It was found in this study that, although many studies revealed that there is a strong dependence on cultural traditions of mathematics teaching in different countries, other factors such as social factors or the education system also played an important part in shaping the intended mathematics curriculum. So a simplistic view of dependence of the curriculum on cultural traditions is not warranted. The formation of the curriculum is a much more complicated process encompassing various factors including needs of society, advancement of technology, and government policies at different levels.