• Title/Summary/Keyword: livestock virus

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Improvement Plan for the Prevention and Biosecurity of Animal Disease (가축전염병 예방 및 방역을 위한 개선방안)

  • Park, Jae Hong
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.371-376
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    • 2011
  • If animal disease, i.e., livestock foot-and-mouth disease, avian influenza, brings out, animals have to be disposed to prevent the virus spreading. Mainly, animals have been disposed by carcass disposal. However, If not done properly, carcass disposal can lead to environmental problems, i.e., soil and ground water pollution, etc. Therefore, various disposal methods, i.e., rendering, cremation, etc., have to be considered with burial. Also, various supplement policies are needed to prevent the animal disease. The purpose of this study was to find effective solutions for the prevention and biosecurity of animal disease.

Review for Selenium-fortified Functional Products of Livestock (셀레늄 강화 기능성 축산물에 관한 고찰)

  • Kim, W.Y.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.36-56
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    • 2003
  • Selenium(Se) is an essential trace element in the human body. Main function of this element is a catalytic part of antioxidant enzymes that protect cells against the attacks of free radicals that are produced during normal metabolism of the body. Se is also essential for normal function of the immune system and thyroid gland. It also appears to be a key nutrient in counteracting the development of virulence and inhibiting HIV(human immunodeficiency virus) progression to AIDS. It is also required for sperm motility and reduces the depression. Therefore, it is very meaningful that livestock producers generate Se-fortified animal products, such as Se-egg, Se-milk, Se-pork, Se-chicken and Se-beef from the point of producers as well as human heath. However, regulation on Se usage and Se-fortified food/feed is far from being clear in Korea even though Se should be carefully monitored because of its toxicity. Thus, one has to be aware of Se properties when designing Se-fortified animal products.

Investigation of antibodies to bovine leukosis virus from Korean indigenous cattle in Jeongeup area (정읍지역 한우에서의 백혈병 항체가 조사)

  • Shon, Ku-Rye;Lee, Jeoung-Won;Lee, Hee-Mum
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.67-75
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    • 2007
  • Bovine leukosis is one of the important diseases in Korea because of economic losses, and this study was conducted to provide basic information for the control of the disease. A total of 2,104 sera were obtained from 491 farms and examined by commercial kit. In the seroprevalence of farms and heads, 71 farms out of 491 were seropositive (14.5%) and 119 heads were positive (5.7%) out of 2,104. In the areal distribution of seropositiveness, Soseong-myeon showed the highest rate (39.5%, 15/38 farms)and Yeongwon-myeon was the lowest (2.6%, 1/38 farms). By age, positive rate in the below of 1 year old cattle was much less than that in the over of 1 year old, namely, the former was 1.9% (3/161 farms) and the latter 20.6% (68/330 farms). According to the farm size, there was no significant difference among the size. However, the highest rate was shown in the farms having 50-99 heads, 23.2% (13/56 farms).

A COMPARISON OF THE V4 STRAIN WITH THE CONVENTIONAL F1 AND M STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINE IN RURAL BANGLADESH

  • Biswas, H.R.;Hoque, M.M.;Chowdhury, S.M.Z.H.;Oxley, M.E.;Rahman, M.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.231-235
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    • 1996
  • Bangladeshi indigenous chickens of mixed ages vaccinated twice at a three week interval with either conventional vaccines-$F_1$ (ocular) and M (mukteswar, Intramuscular), or heat resistant $V_4$ vaccine administered by either the ocular or oral routes, all showed satisfactory hemagglutination inhibition antibody (HI) responses and protection against Newcastle Disease (NCD) challenge persisting for four months. The antibody response to $F_1$ and M was higher than for $V_4$, which was similar whether administered by the ocular or oral routes. All vaccinated treatments have a significant level of protection compare to the control group (p<0.01). No significant difference (p>0.05) in the protection against controlled challenge with virulent NCD virus was found between vaccinated groups.

Immunization of broiler chicks deprived food and water with live Newcastle disease vaccine(LaSota strain) by drinking water

  • Kwak, Kil-Han;Seo, Suk-Yul;Park, In-Bang;Ryu, Kyeong-Seon;Song, Hee-Jong
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.379-382
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    • 2001
  • To confirm the effect of food and water deprivation prior to Newcastle disease(ND) virus vaccination, three hundred chicks were divided into five groups with three replications. ND vaccine were sprayed to at 1 -day old chicks at commercial hatchery. Secondary and third vaccination was conducted at 2-week old and 24-day old chicks by LaSota strain. Control was conventionally vaccinated without withdrawing the food and water before or after vaccination. In group 2(G2) and 3(G3), LaSota strain was vaccinated to chicks before and after fasting the food and water for 3 and 2 hours, respectively. Group 4(G4) has the same fasting time of group 2, but supplemented the skim milk in vaccin dilution water. In group 5(G5), skim milk was added into group 3. Weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion were weekly measured for 5 weeks. Blood was collected from wing vein at 24 and 35 days of age. Each serum antibody level were measured by hemagglutination inhibition(HI) test. The average weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion of all group were not significantly different. Weight gain of each groups was 1910.30(control), 1875.28(G2), 1952.12(G4) and 1896.05(G5), respectively. Feed intake of all group was recorded at 3160.67(control), 3167.07(G2), 3189.48(G3), 3157.85(G4) and 3178.16(G5), respectively. The feed conversion of each groups was 1.655(control), 1.688(G2), 1.633(G3), 1.699(G4) and 1.676(G5), respectively. The HI titer of G4 was $ 5.50{\Pm}$1.40 and significantly higher than the other groups (p<0.05)(control : $4.36{\Pm}$1.87 , G2 : $5.18{\Pm}$2.14, G3 : $4.51{\Pm}$2.19, G : $5.28{\Pm}$1.58 at 35 days old. The results of this experiment indicated that two or three hours of fasting time before or after vaccination would be able to show the higher antibody level against ND virus.

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Apoptosis in experimentally infected chicks with avian infectious bronchitis

  • Song, Sun-Kyong;Lee, Jong-Hoon;Park, Yeon-Cheol;Shin, Yong-Uk;Park, Il-Gue
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.347-355
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    • 2002
  • This experiment was performed to investigate apoptosis during undergoing pathogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV)-infected chicks. Sixteen days old chicks were infected with IBV, Massachusetts-41 strain(M-41, 10$^4$-10$^{5}$ EID$^{50}$ ) experimentally, they were autopsied to remove trachea, lung, kidney and cloacal bursa at 6hr, 12hr, 1 day, 3 day and 7 day post infection(PI) respectively for H-E and TUNEL staining. Grossly, mild serous, catarrhal exudate was observed in the trachea, nasal passages and sinuses nasal from 4 day PI. The cloacal bursa was swollen from 3 day PI. Histopathologically, the trachea was seen mild cellular infiltration, edema of the mucosa and submucosa, vascular congestion and mild hyperplasia of the epithelium from 6 hr PI and the changes were seen a little more severely on 7 day PI. It was observed that the cloacal bursa was getting more and more hyperplasia through the experiment. The nuclei degeneration were shown in the kidney on 7 day PI. No specific changes were seen in the lung. In TUNEL analysis, apoptotic cells showed sharp increasing at 12 hr PI and reaching a maximum on 1 day PI in the trachea, lung, kidney and cloacal bursa. And then apoptotic cells decreased gradually returning to a level of the control by 7 day PI in all the removed organs.

High-efficient Expression of Porcine IL-2 with Recombinant Baculovirus Infected Silkworm, Bombyx mori

  • Inumaru, Shigeki;KokuHo, Takehiro;Yada, Takashi;Kiuchi, Makoto;Miyazawa, Mitsusuhiro
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.146-149
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    • 2000
  • Biologically active porcine Interleukin-2(poIL-2) was produced from in vitro and in viva baculovirus expression system, namely the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ACNPV)-cell culture system and the Hybrid nucler polthedrosis virus (HyNPV)-sillkworm larva system. The concentration of the recombinant poIL-2(rpoIL-2) in the larvae hemolymph was 1 to 3 mg/mL, which was about 7 to 20 times those of the cell culture systems. The level of this expression efficiency is equal to that with transgenic livestock, secretion products in milk.

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One Health Perspectives on Emerging Public Health Threats

  • Ryu, Sukhyun;Kim, Bryan Inho;Lim, Jun-Sik;Tan, Cheng Siang;Chun, Byung Chul
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.50 no.6
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    • pp.411-414
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    • 2017
  • Antimicrobial resistance and emerging infectious diseases, including avian influenza, Ebola virus disease, and Zika virus disease have significantly affected humankind in recent years. In the premodern era, no distinction was made between animal and human medicine. However, as medical science developed, the gap between human and animal science grew deeper. Cooperation among human, animal, and environmental sciences to combat emerging public health threats has become an important issue under the One Health Initiative. Herein, we presented the history of One Health, reviewed current public health threats, and suggested opportunities for the field of public health through better understanding of the One Health paradigm.

IMPROVEMENT AND UTILIZATION OF GENETIC RESOURCES IN NATIVE CHICKEN : RECIPROCAL CROSS BETWEEN TAIWAN COUNTRY CHICKEN AND SINGLE COMB WHITE LEGHORN

  • Lee, Yen-Pai;Huang, Hwei-Huang
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.103-114
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    • 1989
  • Reciprocal crosses were conducted between three strains of Taiwan Country chickens, developed in the National Chung-Hsing University, and two strains of Single Comb White Leghorns, developed in the Taiwan Livestock Research Institute. Traits studied were growing performances, laying performances, egg quality traits and traits concerning disease resistance, including resistance to Marek's disease virus and immune responses to Newcastle disease virus vaccine and to sheep red blood cell. Results indicated that laying performances of Taiwan country chickens were much inferior to White Leghorns, but they matured earlier, their eggs had better shell strength and larger proportion of yolk, and their general disease resistance was much better than White Leghorns. Heterosis were found in laying performances and egg quality traits. The heterosis in laying traits was so large that the hybrid laid as many eggs and as large eggs as did pure strains of White Leghorns. Strategies on the improvement of native chickens and the utilization of genetic merits of native chickens were also discussed.

Subpopulation of lymphocytes in Korean native cattle infected with enzootic bovine leukosis

  • Yoon, Soon-seek;Bae, You-chan;Jean, Young-hwa;Seo, Kook-hyun;Han, Hong-ryul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.50-50
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    • 2003
  • Enzootic bovine leukosis(EBL) is chronic disease caused by bovine leukemia virus(BLV), retroviridae. The characteristic feature of this disease is proliferation of lymphocytes in circulating blood or lymphoid tissues. Because EBL concern lymphocytes, immunological disorder or alteration in the lymphocyte subpopulation is suggested. In this study, we investigated the changes of the lymphocyte subpopulation in the circulating blood of Korean native cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus. (omitted)

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