• 대한융합한의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effect of TJGB on the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and the cell viability of HepG2 cells. Methods: After a week adaptation, 8-week-old C57BL/6N mice were fed with a 45% HFD or normal diet for 3 weeks. For the next 9 weeks, the mice were divided into 6 groups: normal diet group; HFD group; HFD plus orlistat group; HFD plus Ephedra sinica Stapf (ES) group; HFD plus low dose of TJGB group; HFD plus high dose of TJGB group. To estimate the effect of TJGB in the liver of HFD-fed mice, the protein expressions of phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC) and liver X Receptor (LXR) were determined by Western blot assay. The cell viability of ES and TJG was also evaluated in HepG2 cells. Results: The administration of TJGB had little effect on the protein expressions of p-ACC and LXR in the liver of HFD-fed mice. And the cytotoxicity was showed above 7.8 ㎍/mL in HepG2 cells. Conclusion: Further research is needed to evaluate the mechanism of TJGB on hepatic steatosis and cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.533-542
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• 2012

Objectives : We try to compared the efficacy of six herbal medicines, Rhizoma Alismatis (RA), Fructus Crataegi (FC), Fructus Lycii (FL), Radix Curcumae (RC), Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RSM), and Herba Artemisiae Scopariae (HAS), constituting KHchunggan-tang which was previously proven to be hepatoprotective on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with combined properties of cellular steatosis, ROS production, and cytoprotection. Methods : HepG2 cells were pretreated with aqueous extracts of the six herb medicines at concentrations of 1, 10, 50 and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ each, and treated with 0.5 mM palmitate consecutively. After 21 hrs, cell viability was assessed using MTT assay, and the percentage of cells with sub-G1 DNA content was measured using fluorescence-activated cell sorting after propidium iodide staining. Results : The first three extracts, RA, FC, and FL restored cell viability reduced by palmitate in MTT assay, and RA, FC, FL and RC inhibited palmitate-induced apoptosis in sub-G1 analysis. FL showed relatively weak potential only at tested maximal dose, and RA showed the greatest higher efficacy on this experimental cellular model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusions : According to this comparative experiment, Rhizoma Alismatis seems to have the most powerful potential among the six herbs constituting KHchunggan-tang, and consecutive further study seems to be required for more standardized and effective clinical application of KHchunggan-tang for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

• BMB Reports
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2021

Hemistepsin A (HsA) is a guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that inhibits hepatitis and liver fibrosis. We evaluated the effects of HsA on liver X receptor (LXR)-mediated hepatic lipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Up to 10 μM, HsA did not affect the viability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Pretreatment with 5-10 μM HsA significantly decreased the luciferase activity of the LXR response element, which was transactivated by T0901317, GW 3965, and LXRα/retinoid X receptor α overexpression. In addition, it significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of LXRα in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. It also suppressed the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c and lipogenic genes and reduced the triglyceride accumulation triggered by T0901317. Intraperitoneal injection of HsA (5 and 10 mg/kg) in mice significantly alleviated the T0901317-mediated increases in hepatocyte diameter and the percentage of regions in hepatic parenchyma occupied by lipid droplets. Furthermore, HsA significantly attenuated hepatic triglyceride accumulation by restoring the impaired expression of LXRα-dependent lipogenic genes caused by T0901317. Therefore, based on its inhibition of the LXRα-dependent signaling pathway, HsA has prophylactic potential for steatosis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2024

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSR330 (DSR330) has been examined for its antimicrobials production and probiotics. In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of DSR330 were examined against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mouse model. To induce the development of fatty liver, a HFD was administered for five weeks, and then silymarin (positive control) or DSR330 (10⁸ or 10⁹ CFU/day) was administered along with the HFD for seven weeks. DSR330 significantly decreased body weight and altered serum and hepatic lipid profiles, including a reduction in triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to those in the HFD group. DSR330 significantly alleviated HFD-related hepatic injury by inducing morphological changes and reducing the levels of biomarkers, including AST, ALT, and ALP. Additionally, DSR330 alleviated the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC1, FAS, ACO, PPARα, and CPT-1 in liver cells. Insulin and leptin levels were decreased by DSR330 compared to those observed in the HFD group. However, adiponectin levels were increased, similar to those observed in the ND group. These results demonstrate that L. plantarum DSR330 inhibited HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in mice with NAFLD by modulating various signaling pathways. Hence, the use of probiotics can lead to hepatoprotective effects.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.202-204
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• 2010

아가미 덮개 아래에 종괴를 가진 플라워혼이 서울의 사설 수족관에서 사육되다가 폐사 전 진단의뢰 되었다. 이 플라워혼은 무기력, 식욕부진, 침울 및 호흡곤란의 증상을 보인 후 폐사하였다. 종괴와 내장기관을 조직병리학적으로 조사한 결과, 갑상선에서 많은 양의 교질을 가진 다양한 크기의 낭포가 관찰되었고 간에서는 지방변성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 증례는 플라워혼에서의 갑상선종 발생과 그것이 간에 미치는 영향을 보고하고자 한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.952-958
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• 2014

본 연구는 고지방식이로 유도한 비만 흰쥐에 대한 꽃송이 버섯의 항비만 효과를 관찰하였다. 6주령 수컷 C57BL/6 마우스를 이용하여 칼로리의 45%를 지방으로 구성한 고지방식이를 이용하여 비만을 유도하였으며, 대조군은 정상식이를 제공하였다. 처리군은 고지방 식이에 꽃송이 버섯 분말을 1%, 3%, 5% 수준으로 첨가하여 12주간 제공하였다. 체중, 식이섭취, 장기무게, 내장지방, 혈청지질, 변무게 및 변지방, 간지방, 조직병리실험을 실시하였다. 고지방식이 섭취군은 체중, 식이섭취, 피하지방 및 복막하지방, 혈청 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방농도, 변지방, 간지방, 부고환지방 조직의 지방세포 크기가 증가하였다. 그러나 고지방식이에 꽃송이 버섯 분말을 첨가한 실험군에서는 체중증가, 식이섭취 및 식이효율, 간 콜레스테롤 함량, 내장지방 무게가 꽃송이 버섯 첨가량에 따라 감소하였다. 특히, 5% 꽃송이버섯 첨가군은 간세포의 지방축적과 지방간 현상이 현저히 개선되었으며, 부고환 지방조직에서의 지방세포 크기도 현저히 감소하였다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 볼 때, 꽃송이 버섯은 뛰어난 항비만 효과를 가지고 있어, 비만 조절을 위한 기능성 식품으로의 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.716-728
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: An imbalanced adipokine profile in obesity increases the susceptibility to obesity-related cardiometabolic alterations, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The mulberry plant has been reported to have health benefits, such as hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects. This study examined the effects of a mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruit ethanol extract (MBEE) on dyslipidemia, liver steatosis, and adipokine imbalance in response to a high-fat diet. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of 4 groups containing 6 rats each and fed either a control diet (CON), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a high-fat diet with MBEE of 150 mg/kg/day (LMB) or 300 mg/kg/day (HMB). The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were measured spectrophotometrically. The leptin, adiponectin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The plasma TG levels were similar in the 4 groups. Plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and TC/HDL-C ratio increased in the HFD group compared with the CON group, whereas those values decreased in the LMB group (P < 0.05), indicating that MBEE had a plasma lipid-lowering effect. HDL-C decreased in the HFD group, but MBEE did not affect the HDL-C level. The HFD rats significantly increased hepatic TG and cholesterol levels and plasma ALT and AST activities compared to the CON group. The hepatic TG level and ALT and AST activities were reduced markedly by the MBEE treatment. The HFD group showed a higher PAI-1 level, whereas MBEE treatment, especially in the HMB group, significantly reduced leptin level, and leptin/adiponectin and PAI-1/ adiponectin ratios. These findings suggest that MBEE altered the imbalance between the pro-and anti-inflammatory adipokines to a more anti-inflammatory state. CONCLUSIONS: MBEE could protect against abnormal lipid metabolism and hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet, lowering plasma cholesterol, LDL-C and TC/HDL-C, and hepatic TG. These findings are associated with the regulating effect of MBEE on the leptin/adiponectin and PAI-1/adiponectin ratios.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

Culinary herbs and spices have received much attention since they contain high concentrations of bioactive ingredients for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Protection effect of the herb and spice against acute alcohol consumption has been investigated using zebrafish as a vertebrate model. During 30 days bathed in water containing 1% Et-OH and the designated herb or spice, the survival rate of the Et-OH group was decreased sharply (up to 20% at 10 days). The cinnamon-fed group showed the highest and longer survival rate up to 80% up to for 30 days under the presence of Et-OH, while clove-fed group showed 40% survival rate for 25 days. Et-OH group serum exhibited the weakest antioxidant ability from ferric ion removal ability (FRA) assay; FRA ability was increased in the cinnamon-fed group up to 414%, while the clove and laurel group increased 256% and 309%, respectively. Histologic observation and Oil-red O staining showed hepatic tissue damage was severe in the Et-OH group. The cinnamon- or clove-fed group showed much ameliorated hepatic tissue morphology with minimized steatosis. The cinnamon- or clove-fed group showed lower serum GOT and GPT levels than the Et-OH group. Among hepatic tissue extract, the clove-fed group exhibited the lowest level of GOT and GPT. These results suggest that consumption of cinnamon and clove might be beneficial to attenuate progress of acute fatty liver change by alcohol consumption.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2014

The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii (MA) in mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. Two groups were fed either a normal control diet or an HF (45% kcal fat) diet for 12 weeks and three groups were fed an HF diet supplemented with powdered MA (MAP, 1%, 3%, and 5%) for 12 weeks. The anti-obesity effects of MAP supplementation on body weight, fat mass development, and lipid-related markers were assessed. Consumption of an HF diet resulted in increased body weight, serum lipids, relative adipose tissues weight, and liver fat accumulation. However, administration of MAP significantly decreased body weight gain, food intake, food efficiency ratio, hepatic cholesterol level, and adipose tissue weight in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with MAP significantly reduced the occurrence of fatty liver deposits and steatosis, and inhibited an HF diet-induced increase in adipocyte size. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with MAP exerts anti-obesity effects and indicate that MAP could be used as a functional food to control obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.684-698
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• 2022

Purpose: Recent studies have reported a significant association between skeletal muscle, muscle strength and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The effect of nutrient intake on the prediction of skeletal muscle mass and strength or its suggested correlation with metabolic diseases has been primarily reported in healthy individuals. The current study explores the association between energy intake and handgrip strength (HGS) in individuals with NAFLD. Methods: Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2016-2018. Data from 12,469 participants were extracted and 1,293 men and 1,401 women aged 20 years and older were included in the analyses of patients with NAFLD. The presence of NAFLD was determined using the hepatic steatosis index. To estimate relative skeletal muscle strength, HGS was measured using a digital dynamometer and calculated by adjusting the body mass index of the dominant arm. Study subjects in the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups were separately categorized according to quartiles of the calculated HGS. Results: We found that individuals with low (EQ1) energy intake had lower odds of HGS compared to subjects with high (EQ4) energy intake, irrespective of their NAFLD status (p < 0.0001). However, the HGS did not differ based on the level of protein or fat intake ratio. Additionally, the effect of energy intake on HGS was more pronounced in men than in women. Conclusion: Energy intake was associated with the risk of weak HGS in men with NAFLD. The results indicate that energy intake may be a key factor in nutrition care for NAFLD patients with low muscle function.