• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.510-518
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• 2012

와송의 생리활성 및 생약재 혼합조성물과의 시너지 효과를 규명하고자 와송 추출물과 백복령, 창출, 사인 추출물의 동량으로 제조된 혼합물 및 이들의 1:1, 3:1 복합조성물을 시료로 하여 $in$ $vitro$ 상에서 항산화 활성을 확인하고, streptozotocin으로 당뇨를 유발한 흰쥐의 간장과 신장 조직의 지질조성과 체내 항산화 활성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. Nitric oxide 라디칼 소거활성은 1,000 ${\mu}g$/mL 농도에서 와송 추출물 및 와송과 생약재 혼합물 3:1 복합물의 nitric oxide 라디칼 소거활성은 50% 이상이었다. 금속이온에 대한 항산화 활성도 와송과 생약재 혼합물을 혼합하였을 때 각각의 추출물에 비해 활성이 더 높았으며, $Fe^{2+}$ 이온보다는 $Cu^{2+}$ 이온에 대한 항산화 활성이 더 높았다. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase 저해활성은 생약재 혼합물에 비해 와송 추출물에서 유의적으로 높았으며, 와송 추출물과 생약재 혼합물을 3:1로 혼합함으로 써 상대적인 활성이 증가하였다. 와송 추출물과 생약재 혼합물의 3:1 복합물을 식이에 1% 첨가 급이하였을 때 간장과 신장 조직 내 총 지질, 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지질의 농도는 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 간장 조직 내 글리코겐의 축적량은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 이는 간장과 신장 조직 중 지질과산화물의 함량과 항산화 활성을 분석한 결과에서도 동일한 경향으로 와송의 혼합비율이 높을수록 TBARS 함량은 유의적으로 낮았으며, DPPH 라디칼 소거활성은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 와송은 자체로도 항산화 및 항당뇨 활성을 가지지만 생약재 혼합물이 더해짐으로써 활성이 더 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.927-932
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• 1998

일본, 따렌 등에 분포되어 있고 우리나라에서 동해안, 서해안, 남해에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 해조류로서, 조간대의 바위위에서 서식하는 빨강 검둥이과 홍조류인 보라우무 (Symphyocladia latiuscula)를 대상으로 하여 안정한 free radical인 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)를 사용하여 그 소거능을 측정하고, 또한 생체내의 과산화지질을 평가하는 방법으로 과산화지질 분해산물인 malondialdehyde를 thiobarbituric acid(TBA)로 비색정량하는 방법과 Hepatocyte에 의해 생성되는 free radical 생성량 측정 등의 다양한 방법을 통하여 항산화능을 측정하였다. DPPH radical을 이용한 항산화활성 검색에서 강력한 radical 소거 효과를 나타내었다. 각 용매 분획별로 항산화활성을 살펴본 결과 수층을 제외한 모든 분획들에서 농도 의존적으로 항산화활성이 나타났다. 특히 dichloromethane과 hexane 가용성 분획의 항산화활성이 가장 크게 나타났다. 지질과산화 억제 효과에서도 유사한 결과를 보였으며 dichloromethane 가용성 분획의 항산화활성이 가장 높게 나타났으며 L-ascorbic acid의 항산화활성과 비교하여 더 높은 활성을 나타내었다. Free radical 생성 억제 효과에서도 dichloromethane 가용성 분획의 경우 control과 비교하여 0.1 mg/ml에서 $50\%$ 이상의 저해효과를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.507-516
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation on the iron contents and oxidative stress of the rats. Rats were fed 18g ascorbic acid and 300IU $\alpha$-tocopherol/kg diet, respectively. Rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5 and 7 month of age. The blood, liver and brain were selected for the quantitation of iron and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents, glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx), superoxided dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activity. Iron and MDA contents and GSHPx activities were increased with aging. Vitamin C and Vitamin E supplementation increased iron contents of the plasma. Vitamin C raised iron contents, but vitamin E decreased iron contents of the liver. In the brain vitamin C and vitamin E did not affect the iron level. MDA levels were decreased with vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation in the erythrocyte and liver, and vitamin C supplementation elevated MDA levels in the brain. GSHPx activity was increased with vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation. SOD activities of erythroucyte and brain were not affected with age, but in the liver, SOD activity was raised with age and vitamin C supplementation. Vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation promoted CAT activity of erythroucyte and liver, and CAT activity of brain was eleveated with vitamin addition but was decreaed with vitamin E addition. Vitamin C and vitamin E decreased iron contents of blood plasma, MDA contents of plasma and liver, and CAT activity of erythrocyte. Above results indicated that iron contents and biomarkers of oxidative stress were more affected by age than antioxidant action of vitamin C and vitamin E.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1122-1126
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• 2005

Tungtungmadic acid (3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid) is a new chlorogenic acid derivative that was isolated from the Salicomia herbacea. The structure of tungtungmadic acid was determined using chemical and spectral analysis. The antioxidant activity of tungtungmadic acid was evaluated using various antioxidant assays, including free radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA strand breaks assays. Tungtungmadic acid ($IC_{50}\;=\;5.1\;{\mu}M\;and\;9.3\;{\mu}M$) was found to have higher antioxidant activity in the DPPH scavenging assay as well as in the iron-induced liver microsomal lipid peroxidation system. In addition, the tungtungmadic acid was also effective in protecting the plasmid DNA against strand breakage induced by hydroxyl radicals.

• 생약학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 1998

The root of Aralia continentalis Kitagawa (Araliaceae) have been used as an analgesic and fever remedy, and for treatment of rheumatism in Chinese medicine, whereas the young leaves are used for ingredient of salad. Antioxidant activity of the young leaves of A. continentails was determined by measuring lipid peroxide produced when a mouse liver homogenate was exposed to the air at $37^{\circ}C$, using 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and by evaluation the radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Chromatographic separation of active fraction led to the isolation of six flavonoids, among which quercetin, hyperoside and kaempferol showed strong antioxidant activities, while 6"-O-acetyl astragalin, astragalin and trifolin were inactive. Adenosine, oleanolic acid 28-O-glucosyl ester and salsoloside C methyl ester isolated from the somewhat active BuOH fraction exhibited no antioxidant activities.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of Schisandra chinensis Baillon extract (SCE) against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative hepatic damage in rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with SCE (300, 600, and 1,200 mg/kg BW) or saline once daily for 14 consecutive days. On day 14, each animal, except those belonging to the normal control group, were injected with t-BHP (0.8 mmol/kg BW/i.p.), and all of the rats were sacrificed 16 h after t-BHP injection. RESULTS: Although no significant differences in AST and ALT levels were observed among the TC and SCE groups, the high-dose SCE group showed a decreasing tendency compared to the TC group. However, erythrocyte SOD activity showed a significant increase in the low-dose SCE group compared with the TC group. On the other hand, no significant differences in hepatic total glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were observed among the TC and SCE groups. Hepatic histopathological evaluation revealed that pretreatment with SCE resulted in reduced t-BHP-induced incidence of lesions, such as neutrophil infiltration, swelling of liver cells, and necrosis. In particular, treatment with a high dose of SCE resulted in induction of phase II antioxidant/detoxifying enzyme expression, such as glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC). CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, we conclude that SCE exerts protective effects against t-BHP induced oxidative hepatic damage through the reduction of neutrophil infiltration, swelling of liver cells, and necrosis. In addition, SCE regulates the gene expression of phase II antioxidant/detoxifying enzymes independent of hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2010

The present study was aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract from Monochoria vaginalis (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg B/W) on acetaminophen (APAP) induced rat hepatic injury. Monochoria vaginalis is a traditional medicinal plant that is commonly used to treat and improve liver conditions in India and other Asian countries. The development of hepatotoxicity induced by APAP is promoted by oxidative stress. APAP treated group significantly (P < 0.01) elevated the serum enzymatic levels like glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase (SALP), total bilirubin and malondialdehyde (MDA), which were restored towards normalization significantly (P < 0.01) thanol extract of yonochoria vagin is (EEMV). In addition, the EEMV significantly (P < 0.01) elevated the decreased level of total protein and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and reduced glutathione. Apart from these, histopathological changes also showed the protective nature of the EEMV against APAP induced hepatic damage in liver tissues. The activity of EEMV at 500 mg/kg B/W was comparable to the standard drug silymarin (25 mg/kg B/W). In conclusion, these data suggest that the EEMV possess hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2009

This study is to find out the antioxidative effect and serum and liver lipid composition of wild grape juice in vivo. Forty 6-week-old white Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups such as normal lipid group, normal lipid group with wild grape juice, oxidized lipid (basic diet plus 10% of oxidative lipid) group and oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice, and 2ml juice was provided everyday. After 4 weeks of feeding with experimental diet each groups were examined for the antioxidant enzyme activity in blood and liver microsome and their serum and liver lipid composition. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in blood was significantly higher in oxidized lipid group with wild grape juice than in oxidized lipid group. Glutanthione peroxidase activity showed no difference depending on wild grape juice supplementation. Glutanthione peroxidase activity in liver was significantly higher in the groups with wild grape juice than in the groups supplemented only with oxidized lipid. Glutanthione reductase activity showed no difference depending on the supplementation of wild grape juice. Serum triglyceride level in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid diet and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the normal lipid group with wild grape juiceoxidized fa6. Liver total lipid in the group supplemented with oxidized lipid and wild grape juice showed similar value to the normal lipid group and the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice. And it was lower than that of oxidative lipid group without juice. The liver triglyceride level in the group supplemented with normal lipid and wild grape juice was lower than that in the oxidative lipid group, but it was as low as in the group supplemented only with normal lipid.

• 한국전통의학지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2006

To study on antioxidant effects in the liver of 40-week-old mouse, the sample were orally pretreated 5mg/kg/day for 5 days with red ginseng saponin components(total saponin, protopanaxadiol saponin, protopanaxatriol saponin, ginsenoside-Rd, ginsenoside-Re, compound-K) for 5 days. The ability of saponin to protect the mouse liver from oxidative damage was examined by determining the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase(GPx) and the contents of glutathione, the level of malondialdehyde, The only protopanaxadiol among the ginseng saponin fractions was significantly increased the hepatic SOD activity(p<0.01). The red ginseng saponin induced a slight increase of GPx activity, especially ginsenoside Rd, compound K and protopanaxatriol treatments significantly increased its activity. The content of glutathione was significantly increased by total saponin, protopanaxadiol and ginsenoside Rd(p<0.01), but the oxidized glutathione level was lowered in all the red ginseng saponin. Finally, the level of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased by ginsenoside Rd and protopanaxadiol. In conclusion, protopanaxadiol and ginsenoside Rd among the saponin fraction were especially increased in the activity of hepatic antioxidative enzyme and decreased the lipid peroxidation that was expressed in term of MDA formation. This comprehensive antioxidant effects of red ginseng saponin seems to be by a certain action of saponin other than a direct antioxidant action.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

우리나라의 주요 해산양식어종인 돌돔, Oplegnathus fasciatus을 대상으로 30, 60, 120 및 240 mg/kg의 아연을 40일 동안 경구 투여에 따른 아가미와 간의 항산화효소 활성의 변화를 검토하였다. 돌돔 간의 superoxide dismutase(SOD) 활성은 30~240 mg/kg 아연농도, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) 활성은 30~120 mg/kg의 아연농도에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 돌돔 아가미의 SOD 및 Glutathione(GSH) 활성은 120 및 240 mg/kg 아연농도, GPx활성은 60~240 mg/kg의 아연농도에서 유의한 증가가 관찰되었다.