• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the removal of high odor concentration from swine wastewater treatment facility by full scale biofilter using liquid with deodorant mixed with earthworm cast and distillery sludge. Methods: The supply of the culture liquid to the microorganism on the media in the biofilter increases the activity and growth of biomass. The experimental equipment was biofilter tower with treatment capacity of 90 m 3/min. The experimental conditions included gas flow of $60m^3/min$, retention time of 20 sec, and gas/liquid ratio of 67. Results: With changing season from winter to summer, the inlet odor concentration of ammonia increased from 2.5 ppm to 29 ppm, and of hydrogen sulfide from 21 ppm to 91 ppm, respectively. The odor treatment system with biofilter using the culture liquid was stable when the high loading rate increased and showed excellent removal grade with an average of 96.7% for ammonia, and an average of 93.7% for hydrogen sulfide. The pH and SCOD in the recirculating culture liquid near the bottom of the biofilter tower decreased with operation time, but its influence on the odor removal rate was negligible, because the organic matter (SCOD) was replaced by some culture liquid supplied 2-4 times per day. Conclusions: The biofilter using culture liquid could successfully remove high odor concentration which was generated from swine wastewater treatment facility.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2020

천연 광물질, 식물질, 정수장 슬러지를 이용하여 친환경적인 수수질정화제와 이를 활용하는 오폐수복합처리시스템을 개발하였다. 오폐수복합처리시스템은 오염수 유입, 수질정화제 투입, 가압부상장치 가동, 슬러지 부상, 슬러지 수거 및 처리수 배출의 과정을 거친다. 이 장치를 축분 탈리액, 육계 세척수, 공장 폐수, 하수종말처리장 및 연못의 녹조제거에 적용하여 우수한 제거율을 얻었다. 유기성 폐기물 정화에 천연 수질정화제를 활용한 예는 조사되지 못했다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1996

Effects of temperature on the efficiency of the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket(UASB) process for treatment of wastewater from a starch and related products manufacturing industry were investigated using laboratory scale reactors equipped with two types of Gas-Solid Separator(GSS). Both fresh digested sludge and granular sludge stored nearly for one year at room temperature were good as a seeding material. The reactors seeded with aged granular sludge showed slow start-up, however, lowered activity at the initial period was recovered gradually. The GSS with an inner cylinder was proved to be effective in liquid-solid separation compared to the conventional type. Although the rate of organic removal and gas production per unit volatile suspended solids in the reactor reduced significantly as the temperature varied from 35 to $20^{\circ}C$, possibility of operation at low temperatures was shown as a result of gradual buildup of volatile suspended solids in the bed. Stable operation with a reduced efficiency was possible at a COD loading of $5-8kg/m^3/day$ at a temperature as low as $20^{\circ}C$.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

This study was conducted to find the capability of comparison of overall oxygen transfer coefficient in the membrane coupled high performance reactor (MPHCR) in treating high organic loading wastewater. Effluent quality had been analyzed while the influent organic loading rate was changed from 2 to $7kg\;COD/m^3{\cdot}day$. The oxygen transfer coefficients had been investigated using two-phase nozzle for operating variables which were internal circulation flowrate (5~8 L/min), air flow rate (0.0125~0.2 L/min), liquid temperature ($10{\sim}20^{\circ}C$), and pure-oxygen flow rate (0.0125~0.2 L/min). The overall oxygen transfer coefficient was increased with flowrate of internal circulation and air and high temperature. Especially, internal circulation flow rate showed distinct effect on overall oxygen transfer coefficient due to an increase of gas holdup and air-liquid contract area by two-phase nozzle. In the high range of organic loading rate from 4 to $7kg\;COD/m^3{\cdot}day$, the removable efficiency of COD was 91%. Conventional activated sludge process usually treat organic loading from 0.32 to $0.64kg\;COD/m^3{\cdot}day$ however, the MPHCR can treat 10 to 20 times higher if it would be compared to the conventional activated sludge process. Foaming problem often happened and caused biomass wash out of the reactor, therefore, the foaming should be controlled for the enhanced operation.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2015

가축분뇨 슬러지는 유기물의 농도가 높고 일부 중금속이 높은 농도로 혼합되어 있어 해양에 배출될 경우 환경에 부정적인 영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 가축분뇨 슬러지 처리에 열가수분해 기술을 적용하여 연료화 가능성을 판단하고 최적 운전조건을 도출하고자 하였다. 밀폐형 고압반응기를 사용하여 가축분뇨 슬러지를 $170{\sim}210^{\circ}C$까지 온도변화를 주면서 열가수분해 하였고, 반응 후 생성된 액상생성물과 탈수케이크의 분석을 실시하였다. 반응온도 $190^{\circ}C$로 운전하는 것이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 반응온도 $190^{\circ}C$일 때 고체생성물의 고위발열량은 5,050 kcal/kg, 저위발열량은 4,740 kcal/kg으로 연료로서 충분히 가치가 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.9-19
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• 1998

Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(ASBR) for digestion of a municipal sludge. Each cycle of the ASBR comprised feeding, two-or three-day reaction, one-day thickening, and withdrawal. The reactors were operated at an HRT of 10days and 5days with an equivalent organic loading rate of 0.8-1.54 gVS/l/d, 1.81-3.56 gVS/l/d at 35$\circ$C, respectively. Solids accumulation was remarkable in the ASBR during start-up period, and directly affected by settleable solids in the feed sludge. Floatation thickening occured in the ASBRs, and Solids profiles at the end of thickening step dramatically changed at solid-liquid interface. Slight difference in solids concentrations was observed within thickened sludge bed. Efficiencies through floatation thickening were comparable to that of additional thickening of the completely mixed control reactor. Average solids concentrations in the ASBRs were 2.2-2.6 times higher than that in the control throughout the total operation period. The dehydrogenase activity had a strong correlation with the solids concentration. Organics removals based on clarified effluent of the ASBRs were consistently above 86%. Remarkable increase in equivalent gas production of 27-52% was observed at the ASBRs compared with the control though the control and ASBRs showed similiar effluent quality. Thus, digestion of a municipal sludge was possible using the ASBR in spite of high concentration of solids in the sludge.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2023

Bioreactors are devices used by sewage treatment plants to process sewage and which produce active sludge, and sediments separated by solid-liquid are treated in anaerobic digestion tanks. In anaerobic digestion tanks, the volume of active sludge deposits is reduced and biogas is produced. After dehydrating the digestive sludge generated after anaerobic digestion, anaerobic digested wastewater, which features a high concentration of organic matters, is generated. In this study, the decomposition of organic carbon and nitrogen was studied by advanced oxidation process. Ozone-microbubble flotation process was used for oxidation pretreatment. During ozonation, the TOC decreased by 11.6%. After ozone treatment, the TOC decreased and the removal rate reached 80.4% as a result of the Ultra Violet-Advanced Oxidation Process (UV-AOP). The results with regard to organic substances before and after treatment differed depending on the organic carbon index, such as CODMn, CODCr, and TOC. Those indexes did not change significantly in ozone treatment, but decreased significantly after the UV-AOP process as the linkage treatment, and were removed by up to 39.1%, 15.2%, and 80.4%, respectively. It was confirmed that biodegradability was improved according to the ratio of CODMn to TOC. As for the nitrogen component, the ammonia nitrogen component showed a level of 3.2×10² mg/L or more, and the content was maintained at 80% even after treatment. Since most of the contaminants are removed from the treated water and its transparency is high, this water can be utilized as a resource that contains high concentrations of nitrogen.

• 멤브레인
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2003

본 연구는 액상유기성 슬러지로부터 용존 유기물을 회수하기 위한 막결합형 발효 시스템의 여과특성의 검토에 초점을 두었다. $0.1 {\mu}m{\sim}5 {\mu}m$ 범위에서 6종류의 막공경을 대상으로 한 슬러지 발효액의 정밀여과 특성으로 막공경이 작을수록 전체저항이 큰 값을 나타내었고 케？층의 형성에 의한 저항이 전체저항의 68~88%를 차지하여 막투과유속의 저하는 주로 입자간의 물리화학적 상호작용에 의한 막표면에의 강한 입자침전에 기인함을 알 수 있었다. 발효액의 고형물 농도가 증가함에 따라 막투과유속은 감소하였으나 일정이상의 고형물 농도에서는 비례관계를 보이지 않았다. 막면유속이 증가할수록 그리고 5.0~6.0의 pH범위에서 높은 막투과유속이 얻어졌고 에너지 효율측면에서는 가능한 낮은 압력에서 여과하는 것이 유리한 것으로 나타났다. $0.1{\mu}m$과 $0.2{\mu}m$의 막공경에서는 100%의 미생물 제거율을 보였다 액상 유기성 슬러지로부터 용존 유기물을 효율적으로 회수하기 위한 최적 막공경은 제안된 기준의 관점에서 볼 때 $1{\mu}m$ 정도라 판단되어진다.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1999년도 Energy Saving Membrane Separtion Systems 에너지 절약형 막분리 시스템
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• pp.39-39
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• 1999

Membrane separation technology has become a more attractive technology on waste water treatment and water recycle in recent years. On this application, membrane does not take main part of treatment, such as decomposition or handling of organic matter in the waste water, but it is very important supporting method in the total system. Activated sludge is most popular method as main part. In the system , membrane works as a separator to obtain clear water after biological treatment, by which the permeate could be released, recycled or applied to further additional treatment, instead of conventional sedimentation, coagulation and sand filtration. We would like to introduce our system cases for waste water treatment and water recycle, in which membrane separation technology works. In most of cases, membranes are applied to solid- liquid separation of activated sludge. Our experiences will be introduced as following items.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.275-284
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• 1992

활성(活性)슬러지법(法)에 의하여 고농도(高濃度) 유기성(有機性) 폐수(廢水)를 처리(處理)할 경우에 발생(發生)되는 문제점(問題點)은 폭기조내(曝氣槽內)의 미생물농도(微生物濃度)와 산소전달능력(酸素傳達能力)이 제한(制限)받고 있는 점이다. 이러한 문제점(問題點)을 극복(克服)하기 위하여 높은 산소전달능력(酸素傳達能力)을 나타내는 심층폭기(深層曝氣) 활성(活性)슬러지법이(法) 폐수처리현장(廢水處理現場)에 적용(適用)되고 있다. 따라서 본(本) 연구(研究)는 심층폭기(深層爆氣) 활성(活性)슬러지법(法)의 액체순환특성(液體循環特性)과 산소전달특성(酸素傳達特性) 및 제지폐수(製紙廢水)의 유기물(有機物) 제거특성(除去特性)에 대하여 연구(研究)하게 되었다. 연구결과(研究結果), 심층폭기장치(深層曝氣裝置)는 일반(一般) 산기식(散氣式) 폭기장치(曝氣裝置)에 비하여 산소전달능력(酸素傳達能力)이 매우 높고 순산소(純酸素) 폭기법(曝氣法)과 거의 같은 산소전달특성(酸素傳達特性)을 나타낸다. 또 폭기조내(曝氣槽內) 미생물농도(微生物濃度)와 유기물부하(有機物負荷)를 높게 유지할 수 있어 고농도(高濃度) 유기성(有機性) 폐수(廢水)를 처리(處理)할 수 있었다.