• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1160-1166
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• 2006

Maxwell-displacement-current (MDC) measuring technique has been applied for the investigation of monolayers of poly(vinyl alcohol)s bearing azobenzene side-chains (6Az5PVA) mixed with p-pentyl-p'-cyano-biphenyls (5CBs) on a water surface. For mixed monolayers containing trans-form 6Az5PVA and LCs, displacement current due to photo isomerization was not generated with alternative photo-irradiation with UV and svisible light. In contrast, for mixed monolaters containing cis-form 6Az5PVA and LCs, displacement current was generated. Finally, it was found that the alignment layers deposited in cis-form could photoregualte the orientation of LCs.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.487-490
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• 2002

In this paper, we report a novel way to evaluate the anticlinic interlayer coupling coefficient U between smectic layers of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, by utilizing a small field-induced perturbation of the molecular orientation. U was found to exhibit an unusual "S-shaped" dependence on temperature, with values ranging between $0.4{\times}10^4$ and $0.4{\times}10^{-1}$ erg $cm^{-3}$ over a 10$^{\circ}C$ temperature range below smectic A-smectic $C_A$ phase transition temperature. The results are good agreement with estimates for U based upon the threshold field for the onset of solitary waves, and provide strong supporting the low-field regime for the single Fourier component model.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.01a
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• pp.191-192
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• 2000

New copolyimides containing nitrile side group were synthesized from copolymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride, m-phenylene diamine and 3,5-diaminobenzonitrile and subsequent thermal imidization of the resulting poly(amic acid). Crystallinity, glass transition temperature and initial decomposition temperature of copolyimides were almost identical to those of homo polyimide prepared from PMDA and m-PDA. Change of pretilt angle induced by the orientation layer of resulting copolyimide was investigated by using a nitrile-containg nematic liquid crystal cell after rubbing. As the content of polar nitrile group was increased in the copolymer, pretilt angle was increased from $3.65^{\circ}$ to $6.49^{\circ}$. The mechanism of this was speculated as the dipolar interaction between the liquid crystal and nitrile groups in copolyimide.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.543-546
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• 2005

We have investigated the alignment ability of multi-domains by using ion beam irradiation on diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin film layers. The DLC thin films were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system and the low energy ion beam is irradiated from Kaufman type ion gun. The direction of liquid crystal alignment is varied by the direction of Ar ion beam irradiation.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.1011-1015
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• 1997

In this paper we investigated the electro-optical characteristics of amorphous (a)- twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display(LCD) on polymide (PI) surfaces with different molecular structure. It was found that the domaine size of a-TN-LCD on PI with high polarization is small compared to a-TN-LCD on PI with medium polarization. It is considered that the response time of a-TN-LCd contributes to surface effect between the substrate surfaces and the LC molecules. Finally we obtained that the viewing angle of a-TN-LCD on PI surfaces increases with decreasing the domain size.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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• 1999.02a
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• pp.47-50
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• 1999

The orientation mechanism of an amorphous $Bi_{2}$$Sr_{2}$$Ca_{2 x}$$Cd_{x}$$Cu_{3}$$O_{y}$ phase were studied by using the dilatometry. The amorphous $Bi_{2}$$Sr_{2}$$Ca_{2 x}$$Cd_{x}$$Cu_{3}$$O_{y}$ samples brought about a volume shrinkage at the onset of the crystallization of a $Bi_{2}$$Sr_{2}$$CaCu_{2}$$O_{6}$phase around $400^{\circ}C$. The random crystal growth of $Bi_{2}$$Sr_{2}$$CaCu_{2}$$O_{8}$ phase around $800^{\circ}C$. yielded a rapid volume expansion and after then samples shrinmed, accompanied with the crystal orientation. The$Bi_{2}$$Sr_{2}$$Ca_{2 x}$$Cd_{x}$$Cu_{3}$$O_{y}$ (x=0.4) sample exhibited the best-oriented structure because the liquid phase formed seemed to have the lowest viscosity which would contributed to the easy collapse of the card-house structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.329-329
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• 2008

To date, rubbing has been widely used to align LC molecules uniformly. Although rubbing can be simple, it has fundamental problems such as the generation of defects by dust and static electricity, and difficulty in achieving a uniform LC alignment on a large substrate. Therefore, noncontact alignment has been investigated. Ion beam induced alignment method, which provides controllability, nonstop process, and high resolution display. In this study, we investigated liquid crystal (LC) alignment with ion beam (IB) that non contact alignment technique on polyimide and electro-optical characteristics of twisted nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) on the poly imide under various ion beam angles. In this experiment, Polyimide layer was coated on glass by spin-coating and Voltage-transmittance(VT) and response time characteristics of the TN cell were measured by a LCD evaluation system. The good characteristics of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) alignment with the ion beam exposure poly imide surface was observed. The tilt angle of NLC on the PI surface with ion beam exposure can be measured under $1^{\circ}4 for all of irradiation angles. In addition, it can be achieved the good ED properties, and residual DC property of the ion beam aligned TN cell on polyimide surface.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.661-667
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• 2008

In this study, cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) was synthesized and applied as a polarizing component on the optical film of back light units (BLU) for LCDs. After mixing CLC with nematic liquid crystal, this mixture was fulfilled in the module consisting of two films and then its amplifying efficiency and polarizing ability for a planarly emitted light were examined to apply as a BLU polarizer film for increasing the brightness of light. The properties of CLC compound were tested by UV/Visible spectroscopy and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). Flexible spacer was made by linear carboxylic acid group of cholesteric derivatives between cholesterol mesogen units for one-axis orientation in each layer. The CLC containing film could be used as a module to increase the ability of polarization and to enhance brightness of BLU and to widen wavelength range by stacking the films.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.610-612
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• 1999

In this study, we used both displacement-current method and BAM(Brewster-Angle Microscope) to study on the molecular orientation of monolayer on the water surface. The displacement-current method measured behaviors of molecules by current and BAM was shown to be sensitive to film anisotropy even when the molecules were not tilted as long as the unit cell was anisotropic. Every transition was visible with BAM technique, either as a dramatic change in decree of contrast or as a sudden alteration of the mosaic domain texture.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 1994

$YbFeCoO_4$ single crystal was grown by floating zone method. The atmospheric condition of the growth was controlled in air and the growth rate was 1~2 mm/hr. After melting the feed rod of the composition of $YbFeCoO_4$, $YbFeCoO_4$ was decomposed to $YbFeCoO_4$ and CoO phase in the initial state of the growth. The liquid composition, however, changed to the direction of the eutectic point along the liquidus line and then stopped at the point in which $YbFeCoO_4$ single crystal could be grown. The growth direction of the crystal was preferred orientation [110], perpendicular to the c-axis in the hexagonal system due to using the polycrystalline seed.