• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.393-397
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• 1990

The contents of the several antinutritional factors and lipoxygenase activity of 19 soybean varieties recommended for cultivation in Korea were analyzed. The ranges of raffinose and stachyose contents, which are the flatulence factors, were $0.74{\sim}1.58%\;d.b.\;and\;3.34{\sim}5.30%d.b.$, respectively and the total amount of these sugars was high in the varieties of Hill, Baekun and Jangbaek. The contents of trypsin inhibitor and phytate phosphorus in the soybean varieties ranged from 21.2 to 37.0 TI/g, d.b. and from 337 to 605mg%, d.b. respectively. The lipoxygenase activity of $163.6{\sim}403.5unit$ was shown in the 19 soybean varieties, and Padal, Jangbaek and S-133 were the varieties with the higest activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1992

Starch solid model system was employed to investigate the effect of lipoxygenase, ${\beta}-carotene$, ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and water activity on the oxidation of linoleic acid. The rate of oxidation of linoleic acid by lipoxygenase was increased with the increase in water activity, Addition of ${\beta}-carotene$ and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ to this system has been shown to inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ was more effective antioxidant than ${\beta}-carotene$. However, an increase in the concentration of ${\beta}-carotene$ was found to have a strong antioxidant effect in the solid model system. And also the antioxidative action of ${\beta}-carotene$ was increased with increasing water activity in this system.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 1995

The effect of lipoxygenase (LOX) on the oxidation and co-oxidation of lipid fraction was studied in the model system of rainbow trout. For the reaction in model system 1 g of lipid fraction and 50mL of enzyme extract(LOX, 140 unit in 50mL phosphate buffer solution at pH 7, 4)), which were obtained from rainbow trout, were homoginized in the presence of Tween 20 and kept at 23$\circ$C for 3 days. The activity of LOX was decreased to 43% of initial level during the reaction in the model system. The initial composition of rainbow trout lipid was showed to be consisted of trigliceride(TG;82%) and free fatty acid(FFA;0.1%), while this converted to 59% of TG and 20% of FIFA, respectively after reaction in model system. Change of fatty acid composition was also observed and the content of linoleic acid, one of the major fatte acids, was decreased to 13% from 54% in the content of total fatty acids after reaction. The carotenoids in rainbow trout were composed of 0.4% $\alpha$-carotene, 1.6% $\beta$ -carotene, 80% canthaxanthin, 7% lutein and 11% zeaxanthin, thus the canthaxanthin was the major component. This canthaxanthin was the most degraded carotenoid by lipoxygenase catalyzed co-oxidation during the reaction. On the other hand the tocopherol isomers found in the rainbow trout were $\alpha$ and $\beta$ -tocopherol, and $\alpha$-tocopherol had a higher degradation rate by the lipoxygenase catalyzed co-oxidation than of $\beta$-tocopherol in the reaction of model system.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.216-220
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• 1998

Lipoxygenase inhibitory acitivity of the methanolic extract of 60 different kinds of plant seeds was determined by a spectrophotometric method using a soybean lipoxigenase(SLO) and linolenic acid. Among the extracts examined, the methanolic extract of nutmeg(Myristical fragrans)seed showed the most potent SLO inhibitory activity. To isolate SLO inhibitor, hence, the defatted methanol extract was further partitioned with ether, ehtylacetate , and n-butanol , stepwise. The ether souble fraction was successively chromatographed on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative TLC. Three phenolic compounds were isolated , and one of them showing a strong SLO inhibition activity was identified as a 2,6-dihydroxy-9-(3', 4', -dihydroxyphenyl)nonylphenone (IC50a=0.39$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) by 1H-& 13C0NMR, IR, and MS spectroscopy.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.741-748
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• 1995

Various catechol derivatives inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase were studied with theoretical calculations and QSAR study. It was hypothesized that receptor site model could accept the active site of the catechol derivatives. The molecular length, molecular surface area, C5 net charge, HOMO/LUMO energy, van der Waals surface area and volume were used as variables to find the relationships between activity and physicochemical parameters.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.447-450
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• 2002

Previously, a methanol extract from seeds of Paeonia lactiflora was shown to have a potent inhibitory activities against tyrosinase and soybean lipoxygenase (SLO). Seven stilbenes, trans-resveratrol-4-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucoside, trans resveratrol, trans-$\varepsilon$-viniferin, cis-$\varepsilon$-viniferin, gnetin H, suffruticosol A and B were isolated from the seeds as active principles for inhibition of the enzymatic activity. Among them, the resveratrol trimer, gnetin H exhibited the most potent inhibitory activities against tyrosinase and SLO, respectively. Additionally, the resveratrol dimers, trans-$\varepsilon$-viniferin and cis-$\varepsilon$-viniferin exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the two oxidative enzymes. Meanwhile, three other stilbene derivatives, such as trans-resveratrol, suffruticosol A and suffruticosol B had also weak inhibition activity. The least inhibitory activity was observed in transresveratrol-4-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucoside. These results suggest that resveratrol dimers and trimer in the seeds of Paeonia lactiflora are potentially useful therapeutic agents against pathological disorders such as hyperpigmentation and inflammation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.247-251
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• 1997

The effects of the extract of the root of Cynanchum wilfordi (Asclepiadaceae), the alkaloid fraction, and the isolated main constituent (gagaminine) on 5-lipoxygenase(5-LOEC 1.13.11.34) in bovine PMNL have been studied. The effect of the crude extracts of wildand cultivated plant was also compared each other. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of gagaminine on 5-Lo was compared with those of the standard drugs. Gagaminine inhibited 5-Lo activity with an $IC_{50}$ value of $26\;{\mu}M$, this result indicates that gagaminine may be useful for in vivo experiments as 5-LO inhibitor.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1091-1095
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• 2009

The aim of this study investigated the fluctuations of 3 characters from 3 ecotypes [early ripening (ER), middle ripening (MR), and late ripening (LR)] of 20 Korean brown rice cultivars in different storage systems [time: 12 and 24 weeks, temperature: low ($10^{\circ}C$) and room ($25^{\circ}C$)]. With increase of storage time and temperature, lipoxygenase activity, and fat acidity increased, whereas germination rate was reduced. ER cultivars exhibited the highest lipoxygenase activity of $35.49{\pm}2.46$ unit/mg protein during 24 weeks storage at $25^{\circ}C$, followed by LR ($32.73{\pm}1.33$) and MR ($32.66{\pm}1.62$) cultivars. The amounts of fat acidity also were observed by the same order (ER: $20.40{\pm}2.12$>LR: $19.68{\pm}1.86$>MR: $19.64{\pm}1.35$ mg KOH/100 g). Germination rate slightly decreased with increase of time and temperature (MR>LR>ER), but MR and LR cultivars showed the most significant changes (ER: $60.90{\pm}23.47%$, MR: $32.66{\pm}13.95%$, and LR: $32.53{\pm}5.87%$). On the basis of above results, MR cultivars were evaluated the highest quality, because high lipoxygenase activity, high fat acidity, and low germination rate have deteriorated in quality and generated off-odor. Thus, MR cultivars might be very important sources in food processing and stored dietary supplement aspects.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2011

Changes of rancidity of soybean powder from Yeonhaeju (Bazaz) during storage were evaluated by TBA, and compared with those of Korean soybean (Baektae). Lipoxygenase (LOX) in the soybean powder was inactivated by high pressure processing (HPP) to increase the stability of soybean powder during storage. The level of inactivation of LOX was measured by spectrophotometer at 234 nm. HPP decreased the activity of LOX in the soybean powder of Baektae, compared to that of the control (i.e., soybean powder without HPP treatment) of Baektae, while TBA values of both HPP treated Baektae and the control were increased up to 24 days of storage. However, in case of Bazas, both LOX activity TBA values decreased after HPP treatment, compared to those of controls. The antioxidant compounds in both soybeans were measured and quantitatively evaluated by on-line $ABTS^{+}$ assay. Based on the trolox equivalent (TE) value at the retention time 38.2 and 40.1 min, the antioxidant components in Bazaz were higher than that of Baektae. It might indicate that relatively lower TBA values of HPP treated Bazaz was due to lower LOX activity as well as higher antioxidant compounds in the species.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.163-166
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• 1999

Previously, the methanolic extract of Paeonia lactiflora seeds was shown to have strong ingibitory activity against soybean liposygenase (SLO). Four phenolic compounds were isolated from the seeds by solvent fractionation Sephadex LJ-20 column chromatography and preparative HPLC, and three of them showed strong SLO inhibitio and were characterized as trans-resveratrol, $\varepsilon$-viniferin and luteolin by UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS spectrometry. trans-Resveratrol (IC50=1.02$\mu$M), $\varepsilon$-viniferin (IC50=0.81$\mu$M) and luteolin (IC50=10.01$\mu$M), first found in the above seeds, exhibited a potent SLO inhibitory activity although their activity was lower than that of a well-known lipoxygenase inhibitor, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) (IC50=0.57$\mu$M). These results suggest that Paenia lactiflora seeds, now an unused plant seed, may be developed into useful sources of anti-inflammatory drugs.