• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.26-31
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• 1996

Radiation therapy in T1 glottic cancer offers an excellent cure rate with preservation of voice. From 1983 to 1992 eighty nine patients with TNM staged T1N0M0 invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis were treated at the Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University. There were 84 men and 5 women with median age of 59 years. All patients were treated either with Co-60 teletherapy unit or 4MV linear accelerator with an median dose of 6400 cGy(6000-7000 cGy), 200 cGy per day, 5 days in a week. Fourteen local failures have been observed and the median time to local recurrence was 17 months. There were no nodal failure without local recurrence or distant metastases. The 5 year local control rate was 84.3%. The 5 year actuarial surivival rate and the 5 year disease free survival rate were 89.2%, 87.5%, respectively. The 5 year actuarial survival rate and the 5 year disease free survival rate of the nineteen patients with anterior commissure involvement were 77.8% and 74.5% which were lower than those of seventy patients without anterior commissure involvement(91.6%, 90.6%)(p < 0.05). Among the several influencing factors, anterior commissure involvement was the significant prognostic foctor. Final local control rate, taking into account the salvage surgery, was 89.9% at 5 years.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2010

Purpose: The loss of web space is caused by congenital syndactyly or acquired burn injury, trauma or surgery. Numerous surgical procedures have been described for restoration of the web space. Local flaps are usually preferred because of the easiness to perform and tolerable postoperative outcome. Among the various local flaps, the authors introduce V-M plasty for correction of web space contracture and syndactyly. Method: From March 2007 to Jun 2008, 4 patients underwent V-M plasty for correction of web space contracture and syndactyly. V-M plasty consists of 3 distinct triangular flaps. One triangular flap is designed next to the web region on the dorsal site of the hand, whereas the remaining 2 triangular flaps are placed on the volar site. The dorsal triangular flap is then placed between the volar adjacent triangular flaps. At the end of the operation, the involved fingers or toes are positioned in abduction to avoid kinking of the triangular flaps. Result: All the patients gained web functions with good esthetic appearance without any recurrence or complications. Mean follow-up was 8 months. Conclusion: V-M plasty is a safe, easy and rapid procedure to design and apply by using local tissues without the needs for a skin graft or risk of linear scarring and recurrence. The authors advise this versatile technique both in primary and recurrent cases of web space contracture and syndactyly.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.617-622
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• 2009

Purpose: Endoscopic transnasal correction of the blowout fractures has many advantages over other techniques. But after removal of packing material, there were some patients with recurrence of preoperative symptoms. Authors tried to make a quantitative anterograde analysis of orbital volume change over whole perioperative period which might be related with recurrence of preoperative symptoms. Methods: 10 patients with pure medial wall fracture(Group I) and 10 patients with medial wall fracture combined with fracture of orbital floor(Group II) were selected to evaluate the final orbital volume change, who took 3 CT scans, pre-, postoperative and 4 months after packing removal. By multiplying cross - section area of orbit in coronal view with section thickness, orbital volume were calculated. Then, mean orbital volume increment after trauma, mean orbital volume decrement after endoscopic correction and volume increment after packing removal were found out. And we tried to find correlations between type of fracture, initial correction rate and final correction rate. Results: The mean orbital volume increment of the fractured orbits were 7.23% in group I and 13.69% in group II. After endoscopic surgery, mean orbital volume decrement were 11.0% in group I and 12.46% in group II. Mean volume increment after packing removal showed 3.10% in group I and 6.50% in group II. The initial correction rate(%) showed linear correlation with final correction rate(%) after packing removal. And there were negative linear correlation between increment percentage of orbital volume by fracture and final correction rate(%). Conclusion: Orbital volume was proved to be increasing after removal of packing or foley catheter and it was dependent upon type of fracture. Overcorrection should be done to improve the final result of orbital blowout fracture especially when there are severe fracture is present.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2010

The concepts of laws like regularity or persistence or recurrence those are discovered in nature, became the essential elements in speculative philosophy, study and scientific technology. Western civilization was spread out by these natural laws. As this background, this study is aimed to research the theories of natural laws and the development of geometry as the descriptive tools and the development aspects of the concepts of space. According to Whitehead's four theories on the natural laws, the result of this study that aimed like that as follows. First, the theories on the immanence and imposition of the natural laws were the predominant ideas from ancient Greek to before the scientific revolution, the theory on the simple description like the positivism made the Newton-Cartesian mechanism and an absolutist world view. The theory on the conventional interpretation made the organicism and relativism world view according to non-Euclidean geometry. Second, the geometrical composition of ancient Greek architecture was an aesthetics that represented the immanence of natural laws. Third, in the basic symbol of medieval times, the numeral symbol was the frame of thought and was an important principal of architecture. Fourth, during the Renaissance, architecture was regarded as mathematics that made the order of universe to visible things and the geometry was regarded as an important architectural principal. Fifth, according to the non-Euclidean geometry, it was possible to present the natural phenomena and the universe. Sixth, topology made to lapse the division of traditional floor, wall and ceiling in contemporary architecture and made to build the continuous space. Seventy, the new nature was explained by fractal concepts not by Euclidean shapes, fractal presented that the essence of nature had not mechanical and linear characteristic but organic and non-linear characteristic.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3747-3750
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• 2013

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of conservative surgery plus chemo-, radio-therapy in treating patients with early stage breast cancer. Patients and Methods: Eligible patients were treated by postoperative chemotherapy as well as whole-breast irradiation with tumor bed boost. Postoperative radiotherapy consisted of 6 MV whole breast linear accelerator irradiation with two tangential half fields to a total dose of 45~50 Gy, followed by $10{\sim}15MeV{\beta}$ boost irradiation to tumor bed for 10~20Gy, total dose 56~66Gy. Results: Fifty-two patients were enrolled. Overall 1-, 2- and 3 year survival rates were 98.1%, 92.3%, and 90.4%, respectively, with a local recurrence rate of 5.77%. Cosmetic results were evaluated as good by doctors in 90.4% of patients. Conclusions: Breast conservative surgery combined with chemo- radio-therapy could be a treatment option for Chinese patients with early stage breast cancer.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1993년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); Seoul National University, Seoul; 20-22 Oct. 1993
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• pp.30-35
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• 1993

Simple recurrence relations for calculating completion times of various storage polices (unlimited, intermediate storages(FIS), finite intermediate storages(FIS), no intermediate storage(NIS), zero wait(ZW) for serial multi-product multi-unit processes are suggested. Not only processing times but also transfer times, set-up (clean-up) times of units and set-up times of storages are considered. Optimal scheduling strategies with zero transfer times and zero set-up times had been developed as a mixed integer linear programniing(MILP) formulation for several intermediate storage policies. In this paper those with non-zero transfer times, non-zero set-up times of units and set-up times of storages are newly proposed as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) formulation for various storage polices (UIS, NIS, FIS, and ZW). Several examples are tested to evaluate the robustness of this strategy and reasonable computation times.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2007

Bone is a common site for metastatic spread from many kinds of malignancies. The morbidity associated with this metastatic spread can be significant, including severe pain. When it comes to spinal metastasis, occupying nearly 40% of skeletal metastases, the risks of complications, such as vertebral body collapse, nerve root impingement, or spinal cord compression, are also significant. Because of the necessity of preserving the integrity of the spinal column and the proximity of critical structures, surgical treatment has limitations when durable local control is desired. Radiotherapy, therefore, is often used as an adjunct treatment or as a sole treatment. A considerable limitation of standard radiotherapy is the reported recurrence rate or ineffective palliation of pain, either clinically or symptomatically. This may be due to limited radiation doses to tumor itself because of the proximity of critical structures. CyberKnife is an image-guided robotic radiosurgical system. The image guidance system includes a kilovoltage X-ray imaging source and amorphous silica detectors. The radiation delivery device is a mobile X-band linear accelerator (6 MV) mounted on a robotic arm. Highly conformal fields and hypofractionated radiotherapy schedules are increasingly being used as a means to achieve biologic dose escalation for body tumors. Therefore, we can give much higher doses to the targeted tumor volume with minimizing doses to the surrounding critical structures, resulting in more effective local control and less severe side effects, compared to conventional fractionated radiotherapy. A description of this technology and a review of clinical applications to bone metastases are detailed herein.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1997

목적 : 국소 진행된 직장암 환자에서 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료를 시항하여 치료에 따른 합병증, 국소재발 그리고 생존율에 대한 그 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 1992년 9월부터 1995년 9월까지 직장암으로 진단받고 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료를 받은 28명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 방사선치료는 근치적 절제술 후 4주에서 6주이내에 시행하였으며 선형가속기 6MV와 15MV X-ray를 이용하여 주 5회, 1회 180cGy로 5-6주간 총조사선량은 5040cGy-5580cGy까지 조사하였다. 항암화학요법은 방사선치료 시작 1주와 5주째 처음 제1일부터 제4일까지 4일간 5-FU는 체표면적 $m^2$당 400mg씩 그리고 Leucovorin은 체표면적 $m^2$당 20mg씩을 정맥주사로 4주간격으로 2회 시행하였다. 추적관찰기관은 2개월에서 42개월이었으며 중앙값은 24개월이었다. 결과 : 전체환자의 2년 생존율과 무병생존율은 각각 $78.6\%,\;70.8\%$였다. 병기에 있어 2년 생존율과 무병생존율은 $B_{2+3}$에서는 $93.0\%$와 $79.4\%,\;C_{2+3}$에서는 $76.2\%$와 $69.2\%$였다. 치료실패 양상은 국소재발이 $10.7\%$(3128), 원격전이가 $3.6\%$(1/28), 국소재발과 원격전이가 동시에 발생한 경우는 $7.1\%$(2/28)로 궁극적인 국소재발율이 $17.9\%$(5/28)였다. 병기에 따른 국소재발율은 $B_{2+3}$와 $C_{2+3}$의 각각 $13.3\%$(2/15)와 $23.1\%$(3/13)였다. 치료에 따른 합병증으로는 방사선 피부염은 $28.6\%$(8/28)로 가장 많이 발생하였고 혈액학적 부작용으로 백혈구감소증이 $21.4\%$(6/28)에서 발생하였으나 보조적인 치료후 모두 회복되었고 치료와 관련되어 사망한 경우도 없었다. 생존율, 무병 생존과 국소재발율은,.영향을 미치는 단변수분석에서는 조직학적 분화도에 있어 잘 분화된 선암이 분화도가 나쁜 선암보다 통계학적 유의성이 있었고(p=0.04, 0.05, 0.04) 그외에서는 초기병기일수록, 종양의 크기가 5cm 이하에서 좋은 결과를 보였지만 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 결론 : 국소적으로 진행된 직장암의 경우 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료가 비교적 안전하고 효과적인 방법이였다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 직장암이 국소적으로 진행된 대상환자의 수효가 적어 향후 좀 더 환자를 모으고 장기적인 추적 결과를 살펴보아야 근치적 절제술후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법과의 병용치료의 효율성을 보다 명확히 확인할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.530-535
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• 2004

배경: 수부 다한증을 치료하기 위해 시행하는 제3번 늑골 위 교감신경 차단술의 경우 다한증 치료 효과는 교감신경 절제술과 유사하면서 보상성 다한증의 발생이 교감신경절제술보다 적다는 연구결과들이 많이 있으나 대부분 단기 결과이며 중기 추적 결과가 발표되어 있지 않아 제3번 늑골 위 교감신경 차단술의 중기 추적을 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 인하대학병원 흉부외과에서 99년 4월부터 2001년 8월까지 제3번 늑골 위 교감신경 차단술을 시행한 환자 94명 중 설문조사가 가능했던 76명(남자 38명, 여자 38명)을 대상으로 전화 설문을 시행하여 평균 25$\pm$9.1개월 간(15∼50개월)의 중기 결과를 추적하였다. 교감신경은 3번째 늑골 상방에서 절단하였다. 환자들의 만족도를 알기 위하여 linear analogue scale을 사용하였다 (100: 가장 만족함). 결과: 수술 후 만족도에 관한 질문에서 100점 만점 기준일 때 수술 직후 만족도가 92.36$\pm$9.93 인데 비해 수술 후 15개월에는 7l.80$\pm$20.24로 만족도가 감소하였으며(p<0.001) 이러한 만족도 감소의 이유는 보상성 다한증과 증상 재발 때문이었다. 땀나는 정도도 수술 직후 중앙값 0에서 15개월 후 중앙값 1.5로 증가하였다. 보상성 다한증의 경우 수술 직후 중앙값 1에서 수술 15개월 후 5로 증가하였다. 결론: 이와 같은 결과로 제3번 늑골 위 교감 신경 차단술의 경우 수술 직후에는 훌륭한 치료 효과를 보이나 수술 15개월 후에는 치료효과가 점차 감소한다. 불만족의 가장 흔한 이유는 보상성 다한증과 다한증의 재발이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.632-652
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• 1996

It has been noted that a genetic alteration of cells influenced by unhealthy lifestyle in addition to a series of other carcinogens increases the incidence of various neoplasmic diseases. Therefore the importance of a lifestyle that minimizes such an impact on health should be emphasized. Since stomach cancer, the most common neoplasmic disease in Korea, is related to personal lifestyle and as there is a possibility of its recurrence, patients with stomach cancer need to lead a healthy lifestyle. Also the quality of life which patients experience is negatively affected by the side effects of treatments and the possibility of recurrence. Therefore an effective nursing intervention to enhance quality of life and encourage healthy lifestyle is needed. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote health and thus enhance quality of life. A hypothetical model for this purpose was constructed based on Pender's Health Promotion Model and Becker's Health Belief Model, with the inclusion of some influential factors such as hope for quality of life and health promoting behavior. The aims of study were to : 1) evaluate the effectiveness of patient's cognitive-perceptual factors on health promoting behaviors and quality of life ; 2) examine the causal relationships among perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived susceptibility and severity, internal locus of control, perceived health status, hope, health concept, self efficacy, self esteem health promoting behaviors & quality of life ; 3) build and test a global hypothetical model. The subjects for this study were 164 patients who were being treated for stomach cancer were approached in the outpatient clinic on a University Hospital. The data from the completed questionnaires were analyzed using Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL). The results of research are as follows : 1) Hypothetical model and the modified model showed a good fit to the empirical data, revealing considerable explanational power for health promoting behaviors(54.9%) and quality of life(87.6%) 2) Self efficacy and hope had significant effects on health promoting behaviors. Of these, hope was affected indirectly through self efficacy and self esteem. 3) Perceived health status, hope and self esteem had significant direct effect on the quality of life. Of these variables, perceived health status was the most essential factor affecting general satisfaction in life. 4) Self-efficacy, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived benefit and hope. 5) Self-esteem, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived health status and hope. 6) Hope was the main variable affecting self efficacy, self esteem, health promoting behaviors and quality of life. The derived model in this study could effectively be used as a reference model for further study and could suggests a direction for nursing practices