• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.113-129
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 사질토 지반에서의 굴착단계별 연성 벽체의 거동분석을 수행하기 위해 흙막이벽의 모형실험을 실시하였다. 모형 흙막이벽 실험에서는 재료의 역학적 특성이 비교적 널리 알려진 주문진 표준사를 이용하여 상대밀도가 79%, 41%, 24%인 모형지반을 조성한 후 모형벽체의 연성지수를 변화시켜 각 굴착단계별로 배면지반과 연성 벽체의 거동특성을 규명하였다. 본 연구에서는 벽체의 수평변위, 벽체의 배면에 작용하는 수평토압, 굴착으로 인한 배면지반의 침하량 및 침하영향거리, 벽체에 작용하는 앵커의 하중, 그리고 벽체에 작용하는 휨모멘트와 축력에 대해 굴착단계에 따라 살펴보고 이를 토대로 지반과 벽체의 거동특성을 분석하였다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.351-355
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• 2014

Graphite electrodes are used for secondary batteries, fuel cells, and super capacitors. Research is underway to increased the reaction area of graphite electrodes used carbon nanotube (CNT) and porous carbon. CNT is limited to device utilization in order to used a metal catalyst by lack of surface area to improve. In contrast carbon nanowall (CNW) is chemically very stable. So this paper, microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system was used to grow carbon nanowall (CNW) on Si substrate with methane ($CH_4$) and hydrogen ($H_2$) gases. To find the growth properties of CNW according to the reaction gas ratio, we have changed the methane to hydrogen gas ratios (4:1, 2:1, 1:2, and 1:4). The vertical and surficial conditions of the grown CNW according to the gas ratios were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Raman spectroscopy measurements showed structure variations.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.345-360
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• 2020

Modern swarm intelligence heuristic search methods are widely applied in the field of structural health monitoring due to their advantages of excellent global search capacity, loose requirement of initial guess and ease of computational implementation etc. To this end, a hybrid strategy is proposed based on butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) and differential evolution (DE) with purpose of effective combination of their merits. In the proposed identification strategy, two improvements including mutation and crossover operations of DE, and dynamic adaptive operators are introduced into original BOA to reduce the risk to be trapped in local optimum and increase global search capability. The performance of the proposed algorithm, hybrid butterfly optimization and differential evolution algorithm (HBODEA) is evaluated by two numerical examples of a simply supported beam and a 37-bar truss structure, as well as an experimental test of 8-story shear-type steel frame structure in the laboratory. Compared with BOA and DE, the numerical and experimental results show that the proposed HBODEA is more robust to detect the reduction of stiffness with limited sensors and contaminated measurements. In addition, the effect of search space, two dynamic operators, population size on identification accuracy and efficiency of the proposed identification strategy are further investigated.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

최근에 노령화에 따른 질병의 증가와 핵가족화에 따른 사생활에 대한 보호욕구가 증가하면서 최근 u-Healthcare에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 지금까지 우리는 개별 의료기관의 오프라인의 건강관리로 추후 진단, 치료가 이루어지는 시공간 제한적 의료서비스를 받아왔다. 앞으로는 모바일 의료단말기기를 통하여 자신의 건강관리를 실시간 온라인으로 개인성, 이동성, 실시간성, 맞춤형 의료서비스를 받을 수 있게 될 것이다. 그러므로, 본 본문에서는 PDA를 기반으로 노약자 및 환자를 신체 신호 측정기를 통해 건강상태를 체크한 뒤 병원 환자관리 시스템에 통보하여 위급 상황 발생이 발생하면 응급 처치를 하도록 하거나 측정 결과에 대한 진단 및 관련 정보를 제공하는 건강관리 모니터링 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 구조손상 탐색을 위해 매개변수 부 집합 선택에 의한 새로운 정규화 방법을 제안하였다. Residual function을 위해 동적 residual force 벡터를 이용하였다. 과거에는 Residual function으로서 기본 동적 특성치(고유치와 고유모드)를 이용하여 단일구조손상은 탐색할 수 있었지만 다중구조손상 위치를 탐색하기에는 한계가 있었을 뿐 아니라 고유모드와 고유치의 상이한 기여도 때문에 가중치를 적용해야 하는 어려움이 있었다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법은 고유모드의 불완전한 계측을 보완하기 위하여 모델 확장법을 적용하였다. 제안된 구조손상 탐색법은 다중구조손상 위치를 동시에 찾아 낼 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 2차원 평면 트러스 구조를 이용하여 제안된 방법의 효용성을 검증하였다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

The performance of the crossover system of a centrifugal compressor stage consisting of static components of $180^{\circ}$ U-bend, return channel vanes and exit ducting with a $90^{\circ}$ bend is investigated. This study is confined to the assessment of performance of the crossover system by varying the shape of the return channel vanes. For this purpose two different types of Return Channel Vanes (RCV1 and RCV2) were experimentally investigated. The performance of the crossover system is discussed in terms of total pressure loss coefficient, static pressure recovery coefficient and vane surface pressure distribution. The experimentation was carried out on a test setup in which static swirl vanes were used to simulate the flow at the exit of an actual centrifugal compressor impeller with a design flow coefficient of 0.053. The swirl vanes are connected to a mechanism with which the flow angle at the inlet of U-bend could be altered. The measurements were taken at five different operating conditions varying from 70% to 120% of design flow rate. On an overall assessment RCV1 is found to give better performance in comparison to RCV2 for different U-bend inlet flow angles. The performance of RCV2 was verified using numerical studies with the help of a CFD Code. Three dimensional sector models were used for simulating the flow through the crossover system. The turbulence was predicted with standard k-$\varepsilon$, 2-equation model. The iso-Mach contour plots on different planes and development of secondary flows were visualized through this study.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2006

야간도시경관의 미적향상, 시각적 안전의 확보 및 빛 공해 방지 등을 고려한 기존의 경관조명 평가방법은 대부분 측정점을 한 지점으로 한정하여 조명물리량을 분석함으로써 거리에 따른 평가결과의 다양성이 소홀히 취급되었다. 본 연구는 측정거리의 변화에 따른 평가대상 구조물의 표면휘도를 고려한 경관조명 평가방법을 제시하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 경관조명이 설치된 한강의 교량을 대상으로 CS-100과 ProMetric 1400 등 디지털 측광기기와 경관조명 소프트웨어 Lightscape v3.2를 활용하였다. 즉 측정거리 100[m], 300[m], 500[m]로 구분하여 현장측정 및 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 실시한 결과 거리변화에 따른 휘도의 평가방법은 대상 구조물로부터 약 100[m] 이내에서 실시하는 것이 휘도측면에서 유리한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.307-308
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• 2007

This work shows the experimental results obtained from ageing at a temperature of 100 C for 48, 70 and 312 h, although the application of AC electrical tension in samples and the measuring of current leakage are presented. The measurements in samples were carried out with samples prepared from the deformulated commercial materials and respectively reformulated into thin films. The obtained results showed the mechanisms of conduction of samples in low and high electric fields. It was also identified an electric tension transition showing that in low fields it prevails the Ohm's law conduction, and in high electric fields it prevails the conduction of space charge limited current (SCLC). These results can support the natural rubber formulation process having as their main objective the reducing of the mechanisms that occur under high conduction current in high electric fields, which leads the material to a dielectric breakdown. Raw Natural rubber in Brazil is extracted from rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis) in farms in So Paulo State by using some new plantation technology in smaller spaces, with trees placed a few meters from each other. In the Amazon rain forest the rubber trees are found naturally and their spacing may be of hundreds of meters or even kilometers between them. It is necessary to research this raw material from different internationally standard clones to characterize dielectric and electric properties for industrial applications. Moreover, this natural material has a low commercial price when compared to the synthetic ones.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1970-1971
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• 2007

The efficiency of such work highly depend on the worker's safety, who is protected by tools such as gloves, sleeves, blankets and flexible coverings among other manufactured natural-rubber goods. Use, storage and maintenance of these tools guarantee the quality and durability of the material. However, it might be observed that good tools made of such material are disapproved of when received from manufacturers or when they are removed from the warehouse for replacement. This work shows the experimental results obtained from ageing at a temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ for 48, 70 and 312 h, although the application of AC electrical tension in samples and the measuring of current leakage are presented. The measurements in samples were carried out with samples prepared from the deformulated commercial materials and respectively reformulated into thin films. The obtained results showed the mechanisms of conduction of samples in low and high electric fields. It was also identified an electric tension transition showing that in low fields it prevails the Ohm's law conduction, and in high electric fields it prevails the conduction of space charge limited current (SCLC). These results can support the natural rubber formulation process having as their main objective the reducing of the mechanisms that occur under high conduction current in high electric fields, which leads the material to a dielectric breakdown. It is necessary to research this raw material from different internationally standard clones to characterize dielectric and electric properties for industrial applications. Moreover, this natural material has a low commercial price when compared to the synthetic ones.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 학술대회 및 기술세미나 논문집 디스플레이 광소자
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• pp.78-80
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• 2006

The hybrid thin-film (HTF) passivation layer composed of the Ultra Violet (UV) curable acrylate layer and MS-31 (MgO:$SiO_2$=3:1wt%) layer was adopted in organic light emitting device (OLEO) to protect organic light emitting materials from penetrations of oxygen and water vapors. The results showed that the HTF layer possessed a very low WVTR value of lower than $0.007gm/m^{2+}day$ at $37.8^{\circ}C$ and 100% RH. This value was within the limited range of the sensitivity of WVTR measurements. And the lifetime of the HTF passivated device became almost three times longer than that of the bare device. The HTF on the OLEO was found to be very effective in protect what from the penetrations of oxygen and moisture.