• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2000

Sixty-one strains representing the main genera of wood-decaying xylariaceous fungi (mainly in Daldinia, Hypoxylon, Kretzschmaria, Rosellinia, Penzigia, and Xylaria) were tested for their ability to produce ligninolytic enzymes. The phenol oxidase activity and fungal growth of the xylariaceous fungi on gallic aicid and tannic acid media showed a variation in their ability to degrade lignocellulose. A number of species showed equal 개 betterligninolytic enzyme activities than Coriolus versicolor, a known basidiomycete wood-degrader. A large variation of the enzyme activity was observed by individual strains as well as a substantial variation between the isolates of the same species. The most frequent ligninolytic enzymes were peroxidase and general oxidase. With 19% of the strains tested, peroxidase showed the strongest ligninolytic enzyme activity, while tyrosinase activity was detected only in 7% of the strains. All strains of Kretzschmaria and Rosellinia tested was positive for laccase. Xylariaceous fungi were able to degrade the macromolecule, lignin, using each specific ligninolytic enzyme in the specfic lignin degradation pathway.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.8-14
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• 1999

A screening has been performed to find hyper-ligninolytic fungi, which degtrade beech and pine lignin extensively in order to broaden the understanding of the ligninolytic enzymes elaborated by various white-rot fungi. One hundred and twenty two ligninolytic strains were selected from decayed woods with a selective medium for screening ligninolytic wood-rotting fungi. Two of them, Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 and YK-472, showed much higher ligninolytic activity and selectivity in beech-wood degradation than typical lignin-degrading fungi, phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coriolus versicolor. They also degraded birch dioxane lignin and residual lignin in unbleached kraft pulp(UKP) much more extensively than P. chrysosporium and C. versicolor. During fungal treatment of beech wood-powder, the fungus strain P. sordida YK-624 showed higher activity of extracellular manganese peroxidase (MnP) in the medium than P. chrysosporium. It also showed MnP activity, which would not be lignin peroxidast during treatment of oxygen-bleached kraft pulp(OKP) and under enzyme-inducing conditin.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2017

To evaluate effects of ligninolytic enzyme type on the mycelial response and ligninolytic enzyme production during interspecific interactions among wood-rotting fungi, 4 fungal strains, Trichophyton rubrum LKY-7, Trichophyton rubrum LSK-27, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, and Trichoderma viride, were selected. Regarding ligninolytic enzyme production, LKY-7 secreted laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP), P. cinnabarinus secreted only laccase, and LSK-27 secreted only MnP in glucose-peptone medium, while T. viride did not produce any ligninolytic enzymes. In the co-culture of LKY-7 with P. cinnabarinus, the formation of aerial mycelium was observed and the enhancement of laccase activity owing to interspecific interaction appeared to be very low. In the co-culture of LKY-7 and P. cinnabarinus with LSK-27, a hypha-free clear zone was observed, which resulted in deadlock, and increased laccase or MnP activity was detected at the interaction zone. The interaction responses of LKY-7, P. cinnabarinus, and LSK-27 with T. viride were characterized by the formation of mycelial barrages along the interface. As mycelial barrages were observed at the T. viride territory and no brownish pigment was observed in the mycelial barrages, it is suggested that laccase and MnP are released as part of an offensive response, not as a defensive response. The co-culture of P. cinnabarinus with T. viride lead to the highest enhancement in laccase activity, yielding more than 14-fold increase in laccase activity with respect to the mono-culture of P. cinnabarinus. MnP activities secreted by LKY-7 or LSK-27 was generally low in interspecific interactions.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.108-116
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• 1995

Guaiacol을 첨가한 potato-dextrose agar배지와 참나무 목분 배지를 이용하여 배지의 발색 정도를 정량함으로써 리그닌 분해와 리그닌 분해효소 생산을 위한 우수 균주분리를 시도하였다. 배지의 발색정도와 리그닌 분해율과는 정의 상관을 나타내어 미지균의 리그닌 분해력 추정을 가능하게 하였으며, 버섯의 자실체와 부후재로 부터 분리한 리그닌분해균 중에서 리그닌 분해력과 laccase활성이 우수한 LKY-12, LKY-7과 Coriolus versicolor-13 균주를 선발하였다. 이들 균주의 리그닌 분해율은 30~35% 범위이고, glucose-peptone broth에서 리그닌 분해효소 활성이 다른 균주에 비하여 매우 높아서 우수균주의 특성을 나타냈으며, 생물학적인 펄프화 및 표백 그리고 리그닌분해효소 생산에 이용 가능한 균주로 생각되었다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.134-138
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• 2017

양송이의 국내 생산량은 9,732톤으로 5번째로 가장 많이 생산되는 버섯이다. 양송이가 속한 주름버섯속은 리그노셀룰로오스 분해력을 가진 버섯으로 알려져 있다. 양송이의 영양생장과 생식생장동안 기본적으로 셀룰로오스, 해미셀룰로오스, 리그닌 성분의 분해는 변화한다. 우리는 양송이에서 celluase, xylanase, ligninolytic enzyme의 세포외효소 활성도로 효과적인 생물학적 분해력을 가진 균주를 선발하였다. 각 효소의 생물학적 분해는 0.5% CMC-MMP ((malt-mops-peptone), 0.5% Xylan-MMP, 0.5% ligin-MMP 배지에서 14일 동안 균주들을 배양하여 측정하였다. 그리고 배양된 균사체는 0.2% trypan blue에 염색되었다. MMP배지내 각 효소의 생물학적 분해의 효율성에 따라 선발된 균주 18점은 6개로 그룹화되었다. 또한 이 균주들은 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서의 균사생장과 세포외효소 활성도의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서 10일, 20일 각각 배양되었다. 본 연구로 ligninolytic enzyme 활성도가 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서의 균사배양과 상관도가 가장 높아 균주내 ligninolytic enzyme의 활성도 비교로 볏짚발효퇴비배지에서 균사배양이 우수한 균주를 간단하게 선발 할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 백색부후균의 리그닌 분해 효소 시스템을 이용하여, 다양한 균주 중에서 목질계 바이오매스 유기용매 전처리 과정에서 발생한 리그닌(유기용매 리그닌)의 생분해에 적합한 우수 균주를 선별하고자 하였다. 우선 분양받은 15개의 백색부후균을 대상으로 shallow stationary cultur (SSC)배지와 malt extract broth (MEB)배지에 유기용매 리그닌의 첨가에 따른 Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR)의 흡광도 변화를 측정하였다. RBBR 탈색능 결과, SSC 배지에서 Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Ceriporia lacerate, Fomitopsis insularis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Polyporus brumalis, Stereum hirsutum 등 6종의 백색부후균에서 급격한 흡광도 변화를 나타냈다. 배양 초기에 급격한 흡광도 변화를 나타낸 6개의 백색부후균을 대상으로 균체 외 단백질 농도 및 리그닌 분해 효소 활성을 측정하였다. 선발된 6개의 균 중에서 S. hirsutum과 P. chrysosporium은 유기용매 리그닌을 첨가한 실험구에서 높은 단백질 농도가 측정되었다. 반면, 리그닌 분해 효소 활성은 F. insularis에서 배양 6일째에 manganese peroxidase (MnP) 활성이 1,545 U/mg, laccase 활성은 1,259 U/mg으로 최고 활성을 나타냈다. 결론적으로, 균체 외 단백질 농도 및 리그닌 분해 효소 활성이 전반적으로 높았던 $STH^*$와 MnP 및 laccase의 활성이 가장 높은 FOI가 유기용매 리그닌 생분해에 유리하게 작용할 것으로 판단된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.396-406
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• 2018

A newly isolated white rot fungal strain KU-RNW027 was identified as Trametes polyzona, based on an analysis of its morphological characteristics and phylogenetic data. Aeration and fungal morphology were important factors which drove strain KU-RNW027 to secrete two different ligninolytic enzymes as manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase. Highest activities of MnP and laccase were obtained in a continuous shaking culture at 8 and 47 times higher, respectively, than under static conditions. Strain KU-RNW027 existed as pellets and free form mycelial clumps in submerged cultivation with the pellet form producing more enzymes. Fungal biomass increased with increasing amounts of pellet inoculum while pellet diameter decreased. Strain KU-RNW027 formed terminal chlamydospore-like structures in cultures inoculated with 0.05 g/L as optimal pellet inoculum which resulted in highest enzyme production. Enzyme production efficiency of T. polyzona KU-RNW027 depended on fungal pellet morphology as size, porosity, and formation of chlamydospore-like structures.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.500-508
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• 1999

Several white-rot fungi collected from the mountains of Korea were evaluated for their ability to decolorize azo, polymeric, and reactive dyes. Strains CJ-105, CJ-212 and CJ-315, identified as Trametes sp., Pleurotus sp. and Fomes sp., respectively, showed higher potential for decolorization of those dyes in either solid or liquid media. For Trametes sp. CJ-105, 100ppm of Remazol Brilliant blue R and 500ppm of Acid Red 264 were completely decolorized after 2 days under liquid culture. The dominating ligninolytic enzyme existing in the culture broth was laccase (E.C. 1.10.3.2). Also, Pleurotus sp. CJ-212 and Fomes sp. CJ-315 showed similar patterns in decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R and Acid Red 264. The extent of decolorization of the dyes in liquid culture was found to be proportional to the activities of the ligninolytic of decolorization of the dyes in liquid culture was found to be proportional to the activities of the ligninolytic enzymes produced by each strain. In addition to that Trametes sp. CJ-105 was highly effective in degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pentachlorophenol by the activity of the ligninolytic enzymes produced. In this study, we found that white-rot fungi, Trametes sp. CJ-105(KFCC 10941), Pleurotus sp. CJ-212(KFCC 10943) and Fomes sp. CJ-315(KFCC 10942), were effective in decolorizing a wide range of structurally different synthetic dyes, as well as some chemical compounds which are known to be hardly degradable.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2016

The hazards associated with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to be recalcitrant by their structure, but white rot fungi are capable of degrading recalcitrant organic compounds. Phlebia brevispora KUC9045 isolated from Korea was investigated its efficiency of degradation of four PAHs, such as phenanthrene, anthracne, fluoranthene, and pyrene. And the species secreted extracellular laccase and MnP (Manganese dependent peroxidase) during degradation. P. brevispora KUC9045 demonstrated effective degradation rates of phenanthrene (66.3%), anthracene (67.4%), fluoranthene (61.6%), and pyrene (63.3%), respectively. For enhancement of degradation rates of PAHs by the species, Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) was preferentially supplemented to induce ligninolytic enzymes. The biodegradation rates of the three PAHs including phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene were improved as higher concentration of Remazol Brilliant Blue R was supplemented. However, anthracene was degraded with the highest rate among four PAHs after two weeks of the incubation without RBBR addition. According to the previous study, RBBR can be clearly decolorized by P. brevispora KUC9045. Hence, the present study demonstrates simultaneous degradation of dye and PAHs by the white rot fungus. And it is considered that the ligninolytic enzymes are closely related with the degradation. In addition, it indicated that dye waste water might be used to induce ligninolytic enzymes for effective degradation of PAHs.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to select superior fungus for lignin degradation and to decolor dyes by selected fungus. Ligninolytic fungi were screened and isolated from decayed woods. Ten ligninolytic fungi were selected by ligninolytic enzyme activity on the PDA media containing rhemazol brilliant blue R, guaiacol and gallic acid. Their lignin degradation abilities were tested on the extractive-free wood powder of Quercus acutissima and Pinus densiflora. As a result, 8J-28 was selected as superior fungus for lignin degradation. Also, decolorization abilities of dyes were examined by shaking and static culture. And congo red, crystal violet, poly R-478, methylene blue used to investigate decolorization abilities of dyes. As a result, 8J-28 showed over 90% in decolorization of congo red, crystal violet, poly R-478.