• 수면정신생리
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2008

Light therapy (also called light treatment or phototherapy) involves scheduled exposure to bright artificial light. Evidence-based treatments for sleep disorders especially for circadian rhythm sleep disorders include light therapy and pharmacotherapy. In clinical practice, many of patients with sleep problems tend to impair circadian rhythmicity. Considering that light is the most potent entraining agent of circadian rhythm, careful use of light therapy can be recommended for patients with several kinds of sleep disorders. I briefly review the possible therapeutic mechanisms and clinical applications of light therapy, focusing on circadian sleep disorders.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2001

Pigment extracts obtained from Star Ruby grapefruit pulp were stored at different temperatures (4.5$^{\circ}C$, 23$^{\circ}C$) and exposed to light. many carotenoid oxidation products were formed due to light-exposure during storage periods. They were monitored by using HPLC with photodiode array detection and tentatively identified. Including (all-E)-lycopene and trans-$\beta$-carotene as predominant carotenoids in red grapefruit, 5Z-lycopene, 9Z-lycopene, 13Z-lycopene, and 15-cis-$\beta$-carotene were formed at 4.5$^{\circ}C$, 23$^{\circ}C$. Degradation of all-tarns lycopene was more susceptible to light-exposure and temperature a than that of all-trans $\beta$-carotene. The formation of lycopene cis isomers was favored under lighted condition. Respectively, (5Z)-lycopene was formed in greater amounts than other isomers at 23$^{\circ}C$ storage. The concentration of 15-cis-$\beta$-carotene was significantly increased during storage at 23$^{\circ}C$ storage. The concentration of 15-cis-$\beta$-carotene was significantly increased during storage at 23$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제8권3_4호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2001

Heterosigma akashiwo has been reported as red-tide causing phytoplankton in the Korean coastal area during summer when they are exposed to high light. It also shows photosynthetic adaptability to strong light during culture in the laboratory. On the basis of these observations, we tried to find out some genes specifically expressed in Heterosimga akashiwo during exposure to high light, assuming that they might have some resistant mechanisms associated with light adaptation. For this purpose, we carried out DD-PCR to detect differentially expressed mRNAs from cells that had been illuminated under high light for 3 days. We found eight cDNA clones that had been expressed specificically for high light. When they were further screened by reverse Northern hybridization, three of them were identified to be positive cDNA clones. When these cDNA fragments were subjected to DNA sequencing and then their base sequences were compared to GenBank database, one of them showed sequence homology 86% identical to the partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene of eubacterium CRO-18.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the effects of light spectra on physiology stress and DNA damage in juvenile rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) using light-emitting diodes (LEDs; green, 520 nm; red, 630 nm) at two intensities (0.25 and $0.5W/m^2$ ) with application of thermal stress (25 and $30^{\circ}C$). We measured the mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and the levels of plasma cortisol, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT), and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT). Additionally, DNA damage was measured using comet assays. Our findings showed that HSP70 mRNA expression and plasma cortisol, glucose, AspAT, and AlaAT levels were significantly higher after exposure to high temperatures and were significantly lower after exposure to green LED light. Thus, although high water temperatures induced stress in juvenile rock bream, green LED light inhibited stress. In particular, green LED light reduced stress and DNA damage to a greater degree than other light sources.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2022

A functional polyethylene terephthalate substrate to increase light extraction efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes is studied. We formed nano-structured PET surfaces by controlling the power, gas, and exposure time of the linear ion-beam. The haze of the polyethylene terephthalate can be controlled from 0.2% to 76.0% by changing the peak-to-valley roughness of nano structure by adjusting the exposure cycle. The treated polyethylene terephthalate shows average haze of 76.0%, average total transmittance of 86.6%. The functional PET increases the current efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes by 47% compared to that of organic light-emitting diode on bare polyethylene terephthalate. In addition to polyethylene terephthalate with light extraction performance, by conducting additional research on the development of functional PET with anti-reflection and barrier performance, it will be possible to develop flexible substrates suitable for organic light-emitting diodes lighting and transparent flexible displays.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2020

CMOS 카메라 영상의 화질을 좌우하는 것은 여러 가지가 있는데 그 중에서 영상 노출시간은 중요한 요소이다. 영상 노출시간이 길게 되면 화면 전체 영상이 밝아지게 되고 노출시간이 짧아지면 전체 영상이 어두워지게 된다. 정지 피사체를 사진 촬영할 경우 자동노출 시스템이 적절한 노출시간을 얻는데 충분한 시간이 주어지기 때문에 실시간성이 요구되지 않는다. 하지만 주행 중인 자동차의 블랙박스 같이 주변 빛 환경이 빠르게 변하게 되면 이에 맞추어서 노출시간도 실시간으로 반응하여 적용되어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 실시간성과 주변 빛 환경에 대하여 강건한 자동노출 시스템이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 ZYNQ의 로직과 ARM코어를 적용한 임베디드 시스템 설계로 병렬 연산처리 가능한 실시간 제어 시스템을 설계하였고 이를 바탕으로 PID 제어를 통해서 66ms 이내에 원하는 목표 값으로 수렴하고 노이즈에 강건한 실시간 CMOS 자동 노출 시스템을 개발하였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.248-258
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• 2023

PURPOSE. This study aims to evaluate the effects of exposure energy on the lateral resolution and mechanical strength of dental zirconia manufactured using digital light processing (DLP). MATERIALS AND METHODS. A zirconia suspension and a custom top-down DLP printer were used for in-office manufacturing. The viscosity of the suspension and uniformity of the exposed light intensity were controlled. Based on the exposure energy dose delivered to each layer, the specimens were classified into three groups: low-energy (LE), medium-energy (ME), and high-energy (HE). For each energy group, a simplified molar cube was used to measure the widths of the outline (X_o and Y_o) and isthmus (X_i and Y_i), and a bar-shaped specimen of the sintered body was tested. A Kruskal-Wallis test for the lateral resolution and one-way analysis of variance for the mechanical strength were performed (α = .05). RESULTS. The zirconia green bodies of the ME group showed better lateral resolution than those of the LE and HE groups (both P < .001). Regarding the flexural strength of the sintered bodies, the ME group had the highest mean value, whereas the LE group had the lowest mean value (both P < .05). The ME group exhibited fewer agglomerates than the LE group, with no distinctive interlayer pores or surface defects. CONCLUSION. Based on these findings, the lateral resolution of the green body and flexural strength of the sintered body of dental zirconia could be affected by the exposure energy dose during DLP. The exposure energy should be optimized when fabricating DLP-based dental zirconia.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1222-1228
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• 2006

Two kinds of Haematococcus pluvialis cells (green vegetative cells cultivated under optimal cell culture conditions and red cyst cells maintained under high light stress conditions to induce astaxanthin production) were used to investigate the protein expression profiles by two-dimensional electrophoresis, image analysis, and peptide mass fingerprinting. The cellular accumulation of astaxanthin was evident after exposure to high light intensity and reached the maximum cellular level after 78 h of high light stress. In a 2-D electrophoresis analysis, 22 proteins were upregulated over 2-fold in the red cyst cells when compared with the green vegetative cells and selected for further analysis by chemically assisted fragmentation (CAF)-MALDI-TOF sequencing to identify the protein functions. Among 22 different spots, several key enzymes specific to the carotenoid pathway, including isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (IPP) and lycopene $\beta$-cyclase, appeared in H. pluvialis after exposure to high light intensity. Therefore, IPP and lycopene $\beta$-cyclase would appear to be involved with carotenoid accumulation in the cytoplasm, as these peptides were preferentially upregulated by high light intensity preceding an increase in carotenoid, and only these forms were detected in the red cyst cells.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.575-586
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• 2022

Uneven light in real-world causes visual degradation for underexposed regions. For these regions, insufficient consideration during enhancement procedure will result in over-/under-exposure, loss of details and color distortion. Confronting such challenges, an unsupervised low-light image enhancement network is proposed in this paper based on the guidance of the unpaired low-/normal-light images. The key components in our network include super-resolution module (SRM), a GAN-based low-light image enhancement network (LLIEN), and denoising-scaling module (DSM). The SRM improves the resolution of the low-light input images before illumination enhancement. Such design philosophy improves the effectiveness of texture details preservation by operating in high-resolution space. Subsequently, local lightness attention module in LLIEN effectively distinguishes unevenly illuminated areas and puts emphasis on low-light areas, ensuring the spatial consistency of illumination for locally underexposed images. Then, multiple discriminators, i.e., global discriminator, local region discriminator, and color discriminator performs assessment from different perspectives to avoid over-/under-exposure and color distortion, which guides the network to generate images that in line with human aesthetic perception. Finally, the DSM performs noise removal and obtains high-quality enhanced images. Both qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves favorable results, which indicates its superior capacity on illumination and texture details restoration.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.259-263
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• 2017

표고 '농진고'를 LED 혼합광에 따른 갓의 색차 및 경도차를 확인한 결과 갓의 명도값은 형광등 처리구 대비 LED혼합광 처리구 모두 낮아지는 결과를 나타내었다. 적색도는 형광등 처리구에 비해 처리구 모두 높아졌고, 황색도는 낮아지는 결과를 보였다. 광원별 자실체의 생육특성을 조사한 결과 형광등 대조구 대비 처리구 모두에서 갓직경이 컸으며, 자실체들에 대한 균일도는 형광등 처리구 대비 LED를 사용하였을 경우 낮은 값을 나타내어 형광등을 처리하는 것보다 균일도가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대직경은 처리구간 큰 차이를 보이지는 않았으나 White Green LED에서 다른 처리구보다 높은 것으로 조사되었고, 대길이는 형광등 처리구보다 LED처리구 모두에서 다소 높게 조사되었다. 갓직경과 대길이의 비를 조사한 결과 White Green LED을 제외한 White LED와 White Blue LED에서 형광등 처리구 대비 높은 값을 나타내어 대길이에 비해 갓의 직경이 길어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 자실체 물추출물의 항산화능을 확인한 결과 형광등 처리구에서 가장 높은 항산화능을 확인할 수 있었고 LED 처리는 White LED처리에서 가장 큰 항산화능을 확인하였고 White Green LED, White Blue LED간에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 LED처리는 Vitamin C 보다 높은 항산화능을 나타내었다. 위의 결과를 통해 White LED와 White Blue 처리가 표고버섯 자실체의 생육 및 항산화능에 영향을 미치는 광원임을 확인할 수 있었다.