• 복식
• /
• 제56권9호
• /
• pp.98-111
• /
• 2006

The objective of this research is to examine the commonness and differences of Korean, Chinese and Japanese costume colors of modern and present ages. The result of this study showed that modern China and Japan had quick influx speed of Western culture. Dissimilarly, modern Korea kept conception of colors from Chosun periods that show the high frequency of 'Five Elements Colors' and neutral colors in Red, Yellow and Purple Blue. Today, the costumes of China, Korea and Japan use similar tones of color but each country approached in different selections of achromatic colors; Korean prefers color in Yellow Red, Purple, and Chinese in Green Yellow, Green and Japanese in Purple Blue. Light greyish and pale toned Yellow Red and grayish tone have increased in modern Chinese and Japanese costumes. Also both countries have corresponding assumptions in using color of Red in strong tone. The analysis of color and tone distribution showed that, Japanese costume colors in modern and present times have correlative number of use as in Western culture. Traditionally, Japan has least notion of using 'Five Elements Colors' which only gives minor changes by convergence of Western color culture. In other side, China had developed in color rather than tone compares to Korea and Japan by using many of the Red color of strong, vivid and deep tones which made red distinguishing color of China. Japan continues to use of low chroma colors and became a characteristic in modern and present day, also they use an abundance of color in Yellow Red, purple Blue. Korea has a higher frequency showing in light, bright tones of color distinctively compares to China and Japan.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2008

최근 지형정보 취득을 위한 다양한 신기술의 개발로 수치지도, LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging), 고해상도 위성영상 등의 Digital Elevation Model(DEM) 자료원이 다양해졌다. 이러한 DEM은 효율적인 유역관리를 위해 수문지형 특성인자 추출에 필요한 주요 자료원이다. 특히 DEM을 이용한 유역 추출은 최근의 오염총량관리 계획의 수립에 필요한 당해 지역의 수계환경자료조사, 오염원조사, 오 폐수량 및 오염부하량 산정, 수질모델링 등의 공간적 경계를 구분 짓는 매우 중요한 공간자료이다. 지금까지의 DEM을 이용한 유역추출 연구가 격자크기나 전처리 방법에 따른 인자추출이 주를 이뤘으나, 이 연구에서는 LiDAR와 수치지도를 통해 작성한 DEM별 격자크기와 전처리방법에 따른 유역 추출의 정확도를 분석하였으며, 2m 격자의 LiDAR DEM을 Agree burn으로 전처리한 것이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제35권9호
• /
• pp.65-75
• /
• 2019

This study aims at analyzing the therapeutic design characteristics implemented in the indoor atriums of the outpatient areas in four children's hospitals in London and San Francisco. A mixed-method approach was used to examine the spatial configurations and design elements in the atriums, while a literature review was conducted to understand the therapeutic design characteristics relevant to atrium spaces and children's healthcare facilities. The spatial design and the pattern of use of the atrium in each hospital were studied during field visits and interviews with the hospital management staff. Based on the literature review and the observations from the field study, a Visibility Graphic Analysis was chosen to examine the visibility, accessibility, and intelligibility of the spatial configurations in the atriums of each hospital. In addition, the openness, restfulness, and vibrant ambience of the design elements in the atriums of each hospital were investigated by surveying fifty-two design professionals on the quality of the design elements in the atriums. A spatial configuration analysis, confirmed that all the atrium spaces had high visibility, accessibility, and intelligibility due to their high connectivity, integration, intelligibility, and because the atriums were laid out in the open lobby space, along the major circulation axis, or in the circulation intersection. In the survey of the design element evaluation, all atriums proved to be appropriate in terms of openness, while the adequacy of restfulness and vibrant ambience differed depending on the hospitals. Notably, location and orientation, access, natural light, outdoor view, and play facilities were found significant environmental design elements determining the successful implementation of the therapeutic design in the atriums. The observations from the aforementioned are further discussed to enhance the therapeutic design quality of atrium spaces in children's hospitals.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.258-263
• /
• 2020

고분자로부터 제조되는 탄화규소 섬유는 고온 내산화성, 인장강도, 그리고 경량성 때문에 세라믹 복합체의 강화재료로 주로 적용되고 있다. 본 연구에서 탄화규소 연속섬유는 유연한 로프 형태의 고온 발열체(> 650℃)로 제조하기 위해 사용되었다. 특히, 탄화규소 섬유 발열체는 고효율의 저항 발열을 위해 단면적과 길이에 대한 저항 변화를 2-point probe 방법으로 측정하고, 비정질 탄화규소 섬유에 존재하는 산소 불순물과 결정립의 크기 제어를 통해 로프형 섬유 발열체의 저항 값을 최적화하였다. 그 결과, 약 100~200 Ω의 저항 범위를 가지는 탄화규소 섬유 발열체는 탄소 섬유 발열체보다 1.5배의 우수한 소비전력 효율을 가졌다.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제60권6호
• /
• pp.1169-1174
• /
• 2011

CdTe thin-film solar cell technology is well known that it can theoretically improve its conversion efficiency and manufacturing costs compared to the conventional silicon solar cell technology, due to its optical band gap energy (about 1.45eV) for solar energy absorption, high light absorption capability and low cost requirements for producing solar cells. Although the prior studies obtained the high light absorption, CdTe thin film solar cell has not been come up to the sufficient efficiency yet. So, doping method was selected for the improvement of the electrical characteristics in CdTe solar cells. Some elements including Cu, Ag, Cd and Te were generally used for the p-dopant as substitutional acceptors in CdTe thin film. In this study, the sputtering-deposited CdTe thin film was immersed in $AgNO_3$ solution for ion exchange method to dope Ag ions. The effects of immersion temperature and Ag-concentration were investigated on the optical properties and electrical characteristics of CdTe thin film by using Auger electron spectroscopy depth-profile, UV-visible spectrophotometer, and a Hall effect measurement system. The best optical and electrical characteristics were sucessfully obtained by Ag doping at high temperature and concentration. The larger and more uniform diffusion of Ag ions made increase of the Ag ion density in CdTe thin film to decrease the series resistance as well as mede the faster diffusion of light by the metal ions to enhance the light absorption.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.160-163
• /
• 2013

We investigated the effect of light intensity and wavelength of a solar cell device by using photoconductive atomic force microscopy (PC-AFM). The $POCl_3$ diffusion doping process was used to produce a p-n junction solar cell device based on a Poly-Si wafer and the electrical properties of prepared solar cells were measured using a solar cell simulator system. The measured open circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) is 0.59 V and the short circuit current ($I_{sc}$) is 48.5 mA. Also, the values of the fill factors and efficiencies of the devices are 0.7% and approximately 13.6%, respectively. In addition, PC-AFM, a recent notable method for nano-scale characterization of photovoltaic elements, was used for direct measurements of photoelectric characteristics in local instead of large areas. The effects of changes in the intensity and wavelength of light shining on the element on the photoelectric characteristics were observed. Results obtained through PC-AFM were compared with the electric/optical characteristics data obtained through a solar simulator. The voltage ($V_{PC-AFM}$) at which the current was 0 A in the I-V characteristic curves increased sharply up to 1.8 $mW/cm^2$, peaking and slowly falling as light intensity increased. Here, $V_{PC-AFM}$ at 1.8 $mW/cm^2$ was 0.29 V, which corresponds to 59% of the average $V_{oc}$ value, as measured with the solar simulator. Also, while light wavelength was increased from 300 nm to 1,100 nm, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and results from PC-AFM showed similar trends at the macro scale, but returned different results in several sections, indicating the need for detailed analysis and improvement in the future.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제39권8호
• /
• pp.441-448
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서는 미세기포를 산란체로 사용한 편광산란 측정법을 이용하여 수중 계면활성제의 농도를 측정하는 방법을 개발하였다. Mueller 요소 $M_{11}$은 계면활성제의 농도가 0 ppm부터 60 ppm 사이 영역에서 농도와 선형적인 비례관계를 가져 계면활성제 농도를 측정할 수 있는 유용한 파라메터로 사용될 수 있음을 알았다. 이 측정은 산란각이 150도, 소광비가 56.2 조건에서 가장 효과적 이였다. 이 연구 결과를 볼 때, 편광산란 측정법(EPLS)은 강이나 호수에서 수질을 실시간적으로 모니터하는데 있어 충분히 효과적인 수단으로 보인다.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2010

In comparison with ordinary or heavy-weight concrete, light-weight air void concrete has the good aspects in optimizing super tall structure systems for the process of design considering wind load and seismic load by lightening total dead load of buildings and reducing natural resources used. Light-weight air void concrete has excellent properties of heat and sound insulating due to its high amount porosity of air voids. So, it has been used as partition walls and the floor of Ondol which is the traditional Korean floor heating system. Under the condition of which the supply of light-weight aggregates are limited, the development of light-weight concrete using air voids is highly required in the aspects of reduced manufacturing prices and mass production. In this study, we investigated the physical properties and thermal behaviors of specimens that applied different mixing ratios of foaming agent to evaluate the possibility of use in the structural elements. We proposed the estimating equation for compressive strength of each mix having different ratio of foaming agent. We also confirmed that the density of cement matrix is decreased as the mixing amount of foaming agent increase up to 0.6% of foaming agent mixing ratio which was observed by SEM. Based on porosity and compressive strength of control mortar without foaming agent, we built the estimating equations of compressive strength for mortars with foaming agent. The upper limit of use in foaming agent is about 0.6% of the binder amount. Each air void is independent, and size of voids range from 50 to $100{\mu}m$.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2010

The Therme Vals is a hotel and spa which combines a complete sensory experience designed by Peter Zumthor. This study aims to find emotional design approaches of the Therme Vals through references, observation from site visit, interview and discussion related to this topic. This space was designed for visitors to luxuriate and rediscover the ancient benefits of bathing. The combinations of light and shade, open and enclosed spaces and linear elements make for a highly sensuous and restorative experience. The study observed the emotional design characteristics of the Therme Vals through space approach, aesthetic and experiential sides. For space approach side, emotional experience in gradual process to approach the space was mentioned, for aesthetic side, mystical combination of light, stone and water was observed, for experiential side, 5 senses experience and space programing for adjusting the density of the space were observed. This study found that the spa has the quality of spiritual, soul-touching delight like religious experience. The fascination for the mystic qualities of a world of stone within the mountain, for darkness and light, for light reflections on the water or in the steam saturated air, pleasure in the unique acoustics of the bubbling water in a world of stone, the ritual of bathing-all these notions were explained in Peter Zumthor's construction details. In the result of the interview and discussion, people love the space and praised it highly for the emotional design regardless of space experience, age, sex or ethnicity. Emotional design approaches based on human nature, materiality, and memory of the places is more powerful than other emotional design ideas with technical devices, special themes, digital effects, vivid colors and shapes.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제27호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2001

The tendency of formalization in Contemporary Architecture deeply relies on the thought of Western Philosophy, which emphasizes the art of image perceived visually but ignores the body and perception of a human beig who uses the architecture and lives in it. On the contrary, Merleau-Ponty asserted long time ago that the world and the body are inseparably related to each other. The phenomenology is important in Architecture, since the center of thought should be taken back to the human body if a artistic meaning can be obtained by Architecture. From this point of view, the meaning of Contemporary Architecture can be renewed by the phenomenological idea of Merleau-Ponty as a means of expanding thought that overcomes the limit of formalization in Contemporary Architecture. This research aims to ream from Steven Holl's work, and show the Architectural elements that are used for preceptual experience of phenomenon and the function of those element sin Architectural space of his works. The result of study on about the phenomenal light and water in Architectural space of Steven Holl is as follows; First, in perceptional experience of phenomenon, time is an important element, which is successive and make a field that cause perceptional experience. Second, light, as a phenomenological element, acted as a means of expressing the comparison and change of light and shadow in Architectural space and showing the change of color by the diversity of time in inner space. Third, water, as a phenomenal lens, not only acted functional but also functioned as an element of sensual experience in Architectural space. It acted as an image containing time, space, just like a mirror that reflect the environment.