• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to explore cohort changes in first-time homeownership in Korea. The study collected qualitative data from individual interviews to explore the housing trajectories of different birth cohorts. As a result, Individual interviews facilitated an exploration of the decision making process of first-time homeowner with in a cohort context. The cohorts born in the 1950s seek a sense of security through homeownership, and have strong Korean sentiments of ownership. They tried various means to buy a house, and real estate market boom at that time played a role in the driving force. The cohorts born in the 1960s have less insecurity of tenure than the previous cohorts, but they still feel the need for homeownership. Since the currency crisis in 1997 caused the fluctuation of housing price, the 1960s cohort experienced a dramatic decline and rebound of assets while the previous cohorts had experienced a steady rise in housing prices. Finally, the attitude towards housing in the group of 1970s cohorts has changed from ownershiporiented to use-oriented.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2003

Objectives : We were studied the retaining needle to offer basic materials for the study of it. methods: To study the retaining needle, we were reviewed the ancient, the present text and the thesis. Results: 1. There are many ways form general acupuncture technique to needle-embedding therapy by the spending time of the retaining needle. 2. The method retaining needle is divided into Active method of the retaining needle(動留針法) and Passive methoid of the retaining needle(靜留針法) by the existence of Qi-promoting. 3. In case of Deficiency Syndrome, protracted discase, dolorific disorder, convulsive disorder, and Cold Syndrome, the spending time of the retaining needle takes longer, in case of Heat Syndrome and exterior Syndrome, the spending time of the retaining needle takes shorter. 4. In case of acute disease and attack of chronic disease, we can use Active methoid of the retaining needle(動留鍼法) with retaining needle for a long time, in case of chronic disease, we can use Passive methoid of the retaining needle(靜留針法). 5. In case of Young people, a man in the prime of life, and a people who can stand the stimulation of needle, we can make the spending time of the retaining needle be longer and use Active methoid of the retaining needle(動留針法), but in case of a baby and a weak people, we had better shorten the spending time of the retaining needle or not do it. 6. The spending time of the retaining needle must be shorter in spring and summer, must be longer in fall and winter. 7. The spending time of the retaining needle is various by acupuncture point. 8. When the spending time of the retaining needle is too longer, we can injure Vital-qi of a patient, otherwise in opposite situation, Pathogenic is stagnated so pathogenic stage is repeated.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2005

유니버설 디자인은 베리어 프리(barrier-free), 수용 가능한(adaptive), 평생의 디자인(life-span design)의 세 개념을 포함한다. 그것은 단순히 장애가 있는 사람들을 위한 접근성 차원의 디자인이라기보다는 확장된 개념으로서 인간이 접하는 모든 물리적 환경이나 시설들을 접근하기 쉽고 사용하기 편하도록 디자인하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 그러한 유니버설디자인의 현재와 미래 방향을 부엌디자인의 사례를 중심으로 조망해보았다. 문헌상의 디자인지침과 사례들에서 살펴본 현재 시장의 추이와 선행연구들의 특징들에서 살펴본 시대적 추이를 토대로 제안한다면, 향후 유니버설 부엌디자인은 '사용자에 따른 대량맞춤', '신기술의 적용', '심리적 측면의 고려' 등의 방향으로 전개되어야 할 것이다. 또한 유니버설디자인이 확산되기 위해서는 '적절한 경제적 비용문제의 해갈, '사회적 인식의 확산', 디자인에 있어 '문제인식의 전환'이 있어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 아직 우리나라에서는 유니버설디자인개념의 디자인모델들이 여러 분야에서 양산되고 있는 실정은 아니다. 앞으로 우리나라 상황에 적합한 유니버설디자인을 개발 연구하기 위해서는 물리적, 지각적, 심리적 측면뿐만 아니라 우리의 문화적, 지역적 특성도 감안되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to grasp the opinion of Korean feminine seniors on the life support appliances for their healthy ageing: medication dispenser, video phone, activity monitor and sleep monitor. The focus group interviews, asking the usability of the appliances, were answered by each 6 feminine seniors of more than 65 years, residing in Corvallis of U.S.(group I), Cheongju(group II), and Ulsan(group III) of Korea. The results are as follows. (1) The medication dispenser proved to be very useful to all the respondents. All the seniors, who take more than one medicine a day, felt it helpful that the medication dispenser makes them to take medicines at fixed time. In addition, they hoped the medicine envelope to be developed for the dispenser use by the supply side. (2) The seniors showed interest in the manner the video phone works; to work by the voice, rather than by the finger. They expressed the hope of the video phone to display the communication contents, in consideration of their weakening hearing. (3) The seniors who live alone, especially, felt intimacy to the activity monitor, thinking as if some helpers were beside them. The fact that it can send emergency calls immediately when situations happen, gave the seniors emotional safety as a patron. (4) The sleep monitor, although essential to the serious cases without moving ability, was proved less necessary to the healthy seniors. They expressed the hope of this appliance to be evolved for the use with the mattress without bed.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.536-553
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• 1998

Korea supposed the place of origin of soybean. Although it is speculated that it was edible in the era of the Three Kingdoms(A.D. 5-9C), there is no documentary evidence. The first record about the edibility of tofu was written down in the Goryeo dynasty, and there was several documents that tofu was exported to China and Japan in the Chosun dynasty due to excellent manufacture skills for tofu. Tofu has been a good source of protein as a food for the common people, though there were not many traditional kinds. Especially, tofu has been an important vegetarian foodstuff in a Buddist temple, and has been used for vegetable soup and skewered greens necessary for the sacrificial rites of the humbler class as well as of the royal court. We frequently made sliced raw tofu and fried tofu, and it was used for broil, stew, and casserole as well as stuffing. In addition, tofu and its bean-curd dregs were applied of making soy. In China it is assumed that tofu has been eatable since the time of the Han(AD. 1C). Chinese tofu and its products are various and generally 20 different varieties are used. There are many dishes applied of tofu. salted and plain tofu were used as Chinese appetizer dishes. Plain, salted, skinned or deep-fried tofu was stir-fried in an hot oiled pan with vegetables, meats and fishes. Additionally, there are a variety of tofu dishes utilized stewing, frying, steaming, and soup cookeries. Tofu first appeared in the era of the Nara(8C) of Japan and was come into wide use in the era of the Aedo(Tokyo). In Japan tofu and its products are various and introduced in Shojin cookeries prevalent in the Buddist temples. It is especially noticeable that frozen or skinned tofu was used for these. Japanese tofu cooking is more delicate than Korean and Chinese ones, and Japanese people do not use oil. Instead, they in general utilize steaming and broiling cookeries. In the western countries the history of tofu edibility is short. However, their practical application of tofu in the dietary life is very positive.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2004

This paper aims to examine how well university students, who are going to be primary school teachers, understand the International System of Units (SI), focusing on seven basic units such as 'm', '㎏', '㏖', 'A', 'K', 's', 'cd'. This study specifically investigates whether the students know the seven units and understand their uses and how they read and learn them. The subjects were 1030 students from the University of Education in Jinju, Geongsangnamdo. Data was collected through a questionnaire which was designed by this researcher and checked by an authority, and the frequency and percentage of reponses to each question were obtained and analysed. Findings show all the students knew very well that 'm' and '㎏' are included in the seven units, compared to the others which low percentage of the students considered as the elements. In terms of understanding of use, the units of the length 'm', the mass '㎏', and the time 's' are well understood, presumably, because they are often used in ordinary life and school, while the amount of substance '㏖', the electric current 'A', the thermodynamic temperature 'K', and the luminous intensity 'cd' are not as well understood. It is probably because 'A', 'cd', and 'K' are hardly used in everyday life. With respect to reading the units, the subjects read 'm', '㎏', '㏖', and's' much better than the others. As for the source of learning them, most students answered they learned them in schools, which implies school education is very important. From these results it is concluded that school education should be accompanied with use in everyday life for understanding and using the units. SI Base Units understanding was investigated by an academic year. According to this investigation, generally the right answer rate differed 4<2<3<1 by an academic year in order. For the Senior, Sophomore appeared the right answer rate more high. because, they learned before in deepening or elementary course on chemistry and physics related with SI Base Units. On the other hand, for the junior answered low rate by this reason that they couldn't remember about SI Base Units that learned before. For the Freshman appeared low rate by this reason that they were not learned or graduated from the department of liberal art in high school.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.59-78
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• 2005

This study aims to know the deferences of hair fashion feeling group in accordance with hair styling activities, general characteristics, life styles objecting to capital area university women students and aid to hair fashion design. So the results are as belows. 1. Frequency Analysis of Categories A. Hair fashion feeling - Natural, sexy, romantic pretty, sophisticate, ethnic are 90% in total hair fashion feeling variables in sequence of frequency, so it can be said these are in vogue. B. Hair styling activities - The objections visit the hair salon once 1-2months, spend about 42,000 won a month, perform cut & wave perm to sentimental reasens & hair style changes, determine the hair style well coordinated in her image and managed easily. In her home, they manage her hair style 12 minutes a day, spend 17,000 won to buy hair aids, do hair blow dry or pin or pony tail mainly in the morning, scarcely use the hair styling aids but if use, essence or wax mainly. And the degree of interest to hair style is high. C. General Characteristics - The objections's average age is 21.1, residence is seoul kangnam 23.3%, seoul kangbook 18.4%, other capital areas 58.4%, the degree of education is university students 94.9%, graduated student 5.1%, marriage is married 96%, unmarried 2.8%, family who live with is married are mainly man & woman and living with father & mother in low in man's, unmarried are mainly live alone & nuclear family, personal expenses a month is 300,000 won in average, income of home is 4,000,000 won a month. D. Life style - The objections are not in interest of physical exercises but if are, do yoga & health, like drama & comedies program, watch TV or meet friend in leisure time, like balad & dance music, fashion magazine, meet friend in cafe or college. 2. Relationship of hair fashion feeling & other variables Using the $x^2$-test, level p<0.05, Hair styling activities(frequency of hair salon coming in and out, ordinary time representing hair style, preferred hair styling aids, the amount of hair style interest), General Characteristics(age), Life style(leisure time) variables are meaningful.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.573-580
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• 2007

본 논문은 선박용 엔진인 S60MC-C의 프레임 박스 용접부에 대한 피로수명 예측을 위한 수치적 기법을 제시한다. 피로 수명 평가를 위해 싸이클 동안의 동적인 응력변화를 계산해내야 하며, 이에 따라 선행된 연구에서 얻은 엔진의 한 싸이클 동안의 하중 조건으로 상용 유한요소해석 프로그램을 이용한 구조해석을 실시하였다. 구조해석은 8단계에 대해 이루어 졌으며, 그 결과를 바탕으로 프레임 박스 용접부의 피로수명 평가를 위해서 HSS(Hot spot stress), Reservoir counting method, Palmgren-miner's rule을 적용하였다. 결과적으로 구조해석을 통한 대상 엔진의 취약부와 과잉 설계부를 확인하였고, 피로수명의 평가를 통해 설계의 적절성 여부를 평가하였다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2008

Magnesium alloys have given high attention to the industry of light-weigh as automobile and electronics with aluminium, titanium and composite alloys due to their high strength, low specific density and good damping characteristics. But the magnesium contained structures under high temperature have the problems related to creep deformation and rupture life, which is a reason of developing the new material against creep deformation to use them safely. The purpose of this study is to predict the creep deformation mechanism and rupture time of AZ31 magnesium alloy. For this, creep tests of AZ31 magnesium alloy were done under constant creep load and temperature with the equipment including automatic temperature controller with acquisition computer. The apparent activation energy Qc, the applied stress exponent n and rupture life have been determined over the temperature range below 0.5Tm and stress range of 109~187MPa, respectively, in order to investigate the creep behavior. AZ31 Magnesium alloy identify the activation energy for creep deformation and the stress dependence to creep rate at below 0.5Tm, and then investigate the mechanism for creep deformation and creep rupture life of AZ31 Magnesium alloy.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2008

Love wave is one of the shear horizontal waves and it can propagate between two layers in liquid without energy loss. The SAW (surface acoustic wave) sensor using Love wave is very useful for real time measurement of the viscosity of liquid with high sensitivity. In this study, the 77 MHz and 155 MHz Love wave SAW sensors were fabricated and use to measure the viscosity of low viscous liquid. To generate the surface acoustic wave, the inter-digital transducers were fabricated on the quartz crystal wafer. In order to obtain the optimal thickness of the coating film (novolac photoresist) generating the Love wave on the surface of SAW device, theoretical calculation was performed. The performances of fabricated Love wave SAW sensors were tested. As test liquid, pure water and glycerol solutions having different concentrations were used. Since the determination coefficients of the regression equations for measuring the viscosity of liquid are greater than 0.98, the developed Love wave SAW sensors in this study will be very useful for precise measurement of viscosity of liquid.