• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.167-184
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• 2000

This study has investigated the degree of similarities and/or differences of consumption expenditure styles among the households with different occupation. Two types of analysis were performed. One was comparative analysis which used to identify the changes of consumption expenditure styles among different occupation classes using time-series data of 1977-1996 Korean Urban Household Expenditure Survey and Rural Household Economy Survey. The other was multivariate analysis to investigate the effects of occupation on consumption expenditure styles with 1551 sample household data from 1996 Korean Urban Household Expenditure Survey. The results showed that the differences in consumption styles among different occupation classes including farmers are diminished during last two decades while there still exist some degree of differences in consumption styles. After controlling other socio-economic factors it is found that occupation is a determinant of consumption patterns of urban w ge earners especially consumption for clothing and health items.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.6 s.72
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• pp.219-232
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences in conversational styles of students. This research based on Quantitative survey and qualitative observation. The quantitative data were collected by questionnaire from 708 respondents who were college students and resided in Sunchon. Statistical methods for the data analysis were frequencies, t-test. The cases of observation were 21. As a result, gender differences were founded in lots of conversational styles. Women showed more tendencies than men In communi-cations to listen, to make relationships, to take care of others, to express intimacy and to make private conversation. Men tended to dominate others, to show off capacities and to make public conversation. This gender differences in conversational styles were related to sex role and major studies. From this results it was proposed that education on gender differences in conversational styles should be developed for students to improve their communication skills and to adapt their changing sex role.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.167-181
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• 2006

Subjects were 2192 middle and high school students of Seoul and Kyonggi Province. Data, consisting of a self-report questionnaire, were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, univariate F-test and stepwise multiple regression. Findings were that boys showed more avoidance/distraction and active problem solving styles but less support seeking than girls. Older adolescents reported less parent attachment than younger adolescents; girls reported more mother attachment than boys. Older adolescents reported more life satisfaction than younger adolescents; girls reported more life satisfaction than boys. A higher degree of life satisfaction was reported by subjects with more parent attachment, more active problem solving and less avoidance/distraction styles, by younger adolescents, and by girls. Degree of parent attachment was the most powerful predictor of adolescents' satisfaction with life.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.79-84
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to classify the middle aged corresponding to their Life Styles and analyze the senior housing types and services. the specific objectives of this study are as follows : First, analyze the specific of demography. Second classify the Life Style of the middle aged. Third, analyze the housing types and services that are classified. In analyzing the collected data, the frequency, factor analysis, cronbach's a, cluster analysis(K-means), X$^2$ ANOVA conducted within the SPSS 12.0. The Life Style were segmented four group : Actively outgoing group, self-confidence familial group, self-uncertainty responsible group, unsociable negative group. This study shows that the segmentation group's preference of senior housing types and services is different by the Life Style.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.34-44
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between school adjustment and stress-coping styles among adolescents. Methods: This is a descriptive correlation survey using a convenience sample of 701 middle school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon, Jeonbuk, and Gangwon province, Korea. The study's questionnaire included a scale of school adjustment and a scale of stress-coping style. The data analysis, using the SPSS 19.0 program, involved frequency, the mean and standard deviation, the t-test, ANOVA, the scheffe test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Positive correlations were identified between positive stress-coping styles and the adjustment to school life of adolescents. The degree of school adjustment varied significantly according to the region, grade, attending private educational institutes after school or not, academic performance, daily study hours after school, and the hours students spend on gaming and Internet use a day. With regard to the behaviors to cope with stress, teenagers with a higher sense of life-satisfaction tended to show active coping behaviors, and female students were more likely to show positive or negative coping behaviors than mystic coping behaviors. Since adolescents' stress-coping styles showed connection with their adjustment to school, it is necessary to develop stress management programs to help middle school students adjust to school life. Conclusion: Based on the study's findings, it is important to develop programs which can help students adjust to school and learn how to cope with stress positively.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.221-234
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• 2009

This study focused on the relationship between ego- resilience and stress coping styles of male and female adolescents. The study also tried to identify differences in stress coping styles based on sexual differences and the level of ego- resilience in adolescents. Ego-resilience showed a positive correlation to problem-focused and social support seeking coping styles and a negative correlation to emotion-focused coping style for both male and female adolescents. Canonical Correlation analysis revealed that self-confidence among four sub-domains of ego-resilience made the most outstanding contributions in predicting stress coping styles of female adolescents. The self-confident female adolescents tended to use the problem-focused coping style. For male adolescents, the optimistic attitude among four sub-domains of ego-resilience was the most significant factor in predicting emotion-focused coping style. Female adolescents tended to use more varied coping strategies than male adolescents in stressful situations. The group of adolescents who had a higher level of ego-resilience reported more problem-focused and social support- seeking coping styles in stressful situations. Conversely the group of adolescents with lower level of ego-resilience tended to use emotion-focused coping strategy. The results of this study have important implications for theory, research, and practice. Development of ego-resilience in adolescents based on sexual differences was an important task for their effective coping strategies.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.327-336
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• 2007

Life-style factors often include social relationships as well as consumption, entertainment and dress patterns. They also typically reflect an individual's attitudes, values and worldview. Life-style types have become and an important factor for segmenting customer markets ever since significant relationships between life-style and customers' behavior was proven. This study examined the relationships between the life-styles of young customers' and the important attributes of foodservice encounters. Factors analysis with VARIMAX and K-means cluster analysis were conducted to group the subjects by life-style. According to the factors analysis, four underlying dimensions were identified and labeled: (1) 'actively fashioned', (2) 'luxury picky', (3) 'healthy toward', and (4) 'utilitarian leisure'. Based on the factor scores derived from the factors analysis, the K-means cluster analysis classified three groups as statistically significant using ANOVA(p<0.05). The overall mean score for the 3rd cluster 'trendy-active picky' was higher than the other two clusters, and represented very picky attitudes about foodservice attributes. The 3rd cluster also seemed to apply higher standards to all of the foodservice attributes. By order of importance, the most important attributes of the 2nd cluster 'pursue-utilitarian leisure' were food serving time, automation systems, server's hygienes, employee kindness, time in line, and menu variety. In spite of low concerns for the life-style attributes, the first cluster 'passively indifferent' recognized menu variety, food sanitation, food serving time, server's hygiene, menu price, air circulation, and room temperature as important. These results suggest that young diners in Korea could be classified by their diverse life-styles that are represented as trendy, utilitarian, and indifferent and will hopefully contribute to the foodservice industry's ability to segment customer characteristics by different life-styles in Korea.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.108-123
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• 2012

The objective of this research is to examine the fashion styles of Choe Seung-Hee (1911-1969), modern woman and dancer of Korea, through her life and activities. Choe Seung-Hee's fashion styles in daily life, in advertisements and in dance performances were examined through the theoretical and empirical studies within the scope of this research, which is from 1926 when she entered the world of dance to 1946 when she defected to North Korea. The result is that the fashion styles of Choe Seung-Hee is not simply that of an individual modern woman and a dancer who lived in the early 20th century but is a meaningful symbol of Korea's modern women.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.275-286
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the influences of husbands' personality types and coping styles on conflict on their satisfaction in marriage life. The results are as follows: First, a most important variable that influences husbands' marital satisfaction is their own coping styles on conflict such as integration and compromise. 'Demographic variables' such as 'education', 'duration of marriage', 'income' and 'personality types', 'extraversion' or 'introversion', came next in order. Second, husbands' marital satisfaction is affected with the strategies they employ in conflict situations. In particular, the strategies as 'integration' and 'compromise' proved to be effective in getting rid of conflicts in marriage life. Third, husbands' 'demographic variables' affect their marital satisfaction. Those who were educated more wealthily and better have a tendency to have fuller marital satisfaction. The longer they had been married, the less they appeared to be satisfied with their marriages. Fourth, husbands' marital satisfaction is closely related to whether they are extroversive or introversive. Extroversive husbands have more marital satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2003

The present study was designed to evaluate the factors influential on stress and subjective fatigue symptoms based on school life environments and daily life styles among high school students. The self-administered questionnaires were delivered to 2,381 high school students of both sexes in Taejon Metropolitan city during the period from Mar. 1st to Jun. 30th, 2000. The analysis of study results revealed the following findings: 1. According to the magnitude of stress, the normal subjects were 3.1%, the groups with potential stress were 64.7%, and the groups at high risk for stress were 32.2%. Higher level of stress existed in the female than the male students, and in the third grader than the 1st and 2nd graders. According to the classification of typical constitutional symptoms of fatigue, category III (group with bodily projection of fatigue) was the most frequent and it was followed by category II (group with difficulty in concentration) and category I (group with dullness and sleepiness) in a decreasing order of frequency, which showed that the predominant pattern of fatigue arose from the body parts. 2. With regard to the school life characteristics and stress scores, the higher scores of stress were shown in the groups with the lower grades, with worse friend's relation and with the lower satisfaction with the school life. The scores for the subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the male, in the low graders, in the better friend's relation, and in the satisfactory group than the respective counterparts. 3. Concerning home life characteristics, the higher scores of stress were associated with the students characterized by the recognized poor economic conditions, lower interests of parents, lack of satisfaction with the home life, the poor subjective health status. On the other hand, the scores for the subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the student groups with good economic conditions, higher interests of parents, presence of satisfaction with the home life, and good subjective health status. 4. Concerning daily life styles, the higher scores of stress were in the students who had inappropriate sleep hours, skipped breakfasts, daily consumption of intermeal snacks, lack of exercise, daily smoking, normal indices of obesity, and lower indices of health habit. Conversely, the scores of subjective fatigue symptoms were higher in the groups who had daily breakfasts, no intermeal snacks, daily exercise, no smoking than their counterparts. 5. The factors exerting influence upon the stress included the satisfaction with school life, friend's relation, satisfaction with the home life, exercise, school grades, interests of parents, school year, sex, scores of health habit, degree of obesity, economic conditions of home. Those influencing on the degree os stress included stress, intermeal snacks, smoking, friend's relation and satisfaction with the home life.