• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1442-1448
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• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate (SSL) supplementation on growth performance and blood and carcass characteristics in Hanwoo steers during the early fattening period. Methods: Sixty Hanwoo steers (average body weight, $333{\pm}36.4kg$) were randomly allotted to 3 treatments, with twenty steers per treatment, and ten steers per pen with a size of $80m^2$. Dietary treatments were as follows: CON, basal diet; treatment (TRT) 0.5, 0.5% down-spec of TDN with 0.1% SSL; TRT 1.0, 1.0% down-spec of TDN with 0.1% SSL. Results: The results demonstrated that average daily gain and feed efficiency increased with TRT 0.5 (0.85 kg and 11.68) vs CON (0.82 kg and 11.27) or TRT 1.0 (0.78 kg and 10.74), indicating that 0.1% SSL supplementation in the feed of early fattening steers may result in a saving of 0.5% TDN. No significant differences were observed amongst all treatments (p>0.05) for blood metabolite concentration and blood corpuscle values, which were all within the normally accepted range for healthy steers. Conclusion: Our study suggests that a TDN 0.5% down spec with 0.1% SSL supplemented feed may be effective and profitable for the early fattening period of Hanwoo steers without causing adverse effects.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.541-557
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• 2003

Purpose: This descriptive study was designed to explore the clinical nurse's ethical value regarding human life. Method: Data were collected from September to October, 2002. Study subjects were 527 clinical nurses working in General Hospital as tertiary located in Seoul. Ethical value was measured with questionnaire developed by researchers and consisted on items regarding ethical value on human life. Result: Among the items, most nurses highly agree with the item, "When a patient requests his/her health care provider to keep his/her personal secret, the health care provider is obliged to do so." and "When a patient asks for information on his/her medicinal and dietary contents, his/her wish must be granted." Most clinical nurses mainly agree with the item. "Health care providers must always be honest to the patient and/or his/her family". However, most nurses disagree with the item, "When a patient is on the verge of death after an accident, it is justifiable to soothe his/her family by saying 'he/she is OK' instead of telling them the truth, in order to avoid a sudden shock befalling on them". Most clinical nurses mainly disagree with the items, "When a patient is on the verge of death after an accident, it is justiable to soothe his/her family by saying 'he/she is OK' instead of telling them the truth, in order to avoid a sudden shock befalling on them" and "It is justiable that various new ways of treatment should be applied to patient at his/her terminal stage to prolong his/her life, even for the purpose of research". There were significant differences in some items of ethical value according by clinical nurse's age and professional experience, current position, religion, education, marital status, continued education on ethics, and the experience of holing on life saving treatment. Conclusion: It is intensifying the notion of ethical underpinning for human rights, truthfulness is essential to a trust relationship under what circumstances. Also most clinical nurses agree with that It is essential to trust in the nurse-patient relationship, patients have the right to know and it is the ethical thing to do as health care provider.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2022

본 연구는 사막기후에서 벼 재배시 관개방법 및 관개량에 따른 벼의 생육 및 수량 특성을 알아봄으로써 적정 관개량 선정 및 사막기후환경에서 벼 관개시설 재배에 대한 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 관개방법별 총 관개량에서는 스프링클러 > 지표점적 > 지중점적 순서로 관개량이 많았고, 지중점적 FC80% 처리구에서 627 ton/10a로 관개량이 가장 적었으며, 관개량이 가장 많았던 스프링클러 FC120% 처리구 1,584 ton/10a 대비 60.4% 더 적은 것으로 조사되었다. 관개방법에 따른 쌀 수량에서는 지중점적 > 지표점적 > 스프링클러 순이였으며, 그 중 지중점적 FC120% 처리구에서 665 kg/10a로 관행구 대비 88.1%로 관수방법에서 가장 높은 수량성을 보였다. 따라서, 사막기후환경에서 벼 재배시 지중점적관개로 FC120% 처리 할 경우 물의 이용효율을 높이면서, 작물 수량증대에 유리할 것으로 사료된다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.516-525
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• 2015

In this study, Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) was applied to the production processes of waste cooking oil recycling products. Recycling products as defined in the Law of Saving of Resources and Recycling Promotion are biodiesel and soap. Weighting result of biodiesel production process showed that the most significant impact potential was abiotic resource depletion(84.17%) followed by global warming(13.93%). In the case of the soap, the most significant impact potential was also abiotic resource depletion(58.59%) followed by global warming(33.71%). In terms of the whole system of the biodiesel production process, methanol showed the largest environmental impact potential(87.35%). While in the case of the soap, sodium chloride showed the largest environmental impact potential(99.99%). This study suggests that there should be improvement of the methanol recovery system in the biodiesel production process and also appropriate use of the major environmental impact materials in both processes.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.141-158
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of lives and problems of 'Kirogi'(or Wild Goose) fathers, who were called fathers in the 'Kirogi' families, South Korean families separated by an ocean. They almost sent too much money that were $50-100\%$ of their family income to the families abroad, and got economic pressures so severely. More or less, they sold their own real estates, moved to much smaller sized house. and often expended the saving money. Also, they had difficulties of taking care of their children and felt lonely very much. By the hand, they might experience the adaptation process through 3 stages-troubles, acception(or wandering or enjoy), adjust (or violation). They had three types of problems, that is, family relationship problem(the isolation), psychological problem(loneliness and self-control), economic problem (financial pressure and drop of economic status). They found the strategies to overcome these problems for themselves. Firstly, they took lots of methods like email, internet chatting, phone, etc. to communicate with their family everyday and made many events to strengthen the ties among families. Secondly, they got rid of stresses mainly by joining with their colleagues at work. Finally, they decided to lower the standard of living of their family in foreign country or tried to find their wives' jobs to prevent the financial hardship.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제3권6호
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• pp.597-611
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• 2009

With the advent of ubiquitous computing society, many advanced technologies have enabled wireless sensor networks which consist of small sensor nodes. However, the sensor nodes have limited computing resources such as small size memory, low battery life, short transmission range, and low computational capabilities. Thus, decreasing energy consumption is one of the most significant issues in wireless sensor networks. In addition, numerous applications for wireless sensor networks are recently spreading to various fields (health-care, surveillance, location tracking, unmanned monitoring, nuclear reactor control, crop harvesting control, u-city, building automation etc.). For many of them, supporting security functionalities is an indispensable feature. Especially in case wireless sensor networks should provide a sufficient variety of security functions, sensor nodes are required to have more powerful performance and more energy demanding features. In other words, simultaneously providing security features and saving energy faces a trade-off problem. This paper presents a novel energy-efficient security architecture in an IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless sensor network called the Hybrid Adaptive Security (HAS) framework in order to resolve the trade off issue between security and energy. Moreover, we present a performance analysis based on the experimental results and a real implementation model in order to verify the proposed approach.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2615-2625
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• 2011

Recently in worldwide and Korea domestically, the LRT vehicles are introduced as reputable urban transit system, in a view of energy saving, punctuality and eco-friendly as well as transport efficiency. At first time in Korea, the Busan metro Line 4 was applied with AGT system which is a kind of LRT using the Rubber tired AGT vehicle and developed from 1999 to 2004 in charge of Korean government. Busan selected the AGT system for Metro Line 4 as the solution of traffic jam and networking the intercity. At present, Busan Metro Line 4 has been running since opened at March 30, 2011. The vehicle of Busan metro line 4 is aiming the maximization of LRT vehicle advantage that is the lightness of vehicle size and vehicle weight. So, it did size downed and weight downed by lightened the weight of car frame and bogies and by the compactness of electrical on-board equipments. The study carried out the structure analysis to verify and safety and performance of car body and bogie frame of Busan Metro Line 4 vehicles. In this study, it was analyzed the stress of main load and verified the fatigue strength. And measured the dynamic stress sending to body structure and bogie frame while running on main line and analyzed the fatigue stress. As a result, it verified the safety and life cycle of car body and bogie frame.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

지구 환경 변화에 따른 폭우로 절토 사면 붕괴가 해마다 발생하고 인명과 경제적 손실이 증가하고 있다. 이는 절토 사면의 붕괴의 평가를 요구한다. 경사면이 절토 시행 전에 시뮬레이션 된다면, 절토 사면의 붕괴를 예측 할 수 있고, 붕괴 사고 시 복구 비용을 최소화 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 절토 사면에서 중요한 경사도의 시뮬레이션 방법을 나타낸다. 이것은 패트리넷을 이용하여 모델링되며 디자인되고, ArcGIS를 이용하여 윈도우 XP 환경에서 구현하고자 한다. 그래서 본 논문은 GIS를 이용한 절토와 간척을 시뮬레이션 함으로써 시간과 돈을 절약하는데 기여할 것이다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권11호
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• pp.1550-1559
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• 2013

Light emitting diode(LED) lighting has been applied various industry fields because of its high efficiency, low power consumption, long life time, and environment friendly characteristics. Generally, LED lighting needs a driver to maintain constant current. Most popular driver is the switching converter. In the converter, there are several electrolytic capacitors. However the lifespan of the electrolytic capacitor is much shorter than LED. Therefore the lifespan of LED lighting with electrolytic capacitor is decreased. Also, LED lighting needs dimming control because of various needs and energy saving. This paper presents the dimmable single-stage PFC DCM flyback converter without electrolytic capacitor and parallel LC resonant filter for reducing 120[Hz] ripple on the output. The type 2 controller is used to maintain constant current and the analog dimming control is used. The proposed converter is verified through simulation and experimental works.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2012

According to Luhr's classification, a fracture in the mandible with a width of less than 15-20 mm is considered to be an atrophic mandibular fracture and its incidence is very rare. Because of the reduced cross-sectional area and smaller contact area of the fractured ends as well as the poorly vascularized bony structure and delayed bone healing, an atrophic mandibular fracture is a great challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Surgeons tend to perform closed reduction, because open reduction is considered a non-life-saving surgery among elderly patients. Thus, most of them have limited experience in surgical management. According to recent reports, open reduction yields a good result, and the Association for Osteosynthesis (AO) group has recommended open reduction. This is a case report of our two experiences of open reduction and rigid fixation of atrophic mandibular fractures by the AO principle. Articles were also reviewed here.