• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1262-1267
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• 2007

The korea railway design has been developed by change of the society and culture through the consideration of the history of railway. Accordingly there contribute in the development of the korea railway design by analyzing the trend according to the changes o the korea railway design and the changes of the life environment in this paper. As dividing the design by period according to the changes of life environment into the internal and external nation, there are to analyze the development history of the korea railway design accordingly the railway and the style's change, to confirm into the design applied in society and culture needs, and to analyze by a year in changes of the environment and the korea railway design history from the 1800's to 2005.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.201-206
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• 2009

This study investigates fatigue life and possibility damaged at disk brake of automobile by the simulation of fatigue analysis. Among nonconstant fatigue loads, the case of 'SAE Bracket History' which is the severest at the variation of load tends to be most unstable. The case of 'Sample History' which becomes slower at the variation of load tends to be most stable. The value of maximum relative damage in case of 'SAE Bracket History' is occurred near the average stress '0' and this case can be shown to have the possibility to affect more damage than another case. As the result of this study is applied to automobile parts with non constant loads, durability can be improved during drive by preventing any damage.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.7-26
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• 2020

Urban pollution has been a problem in China since ancient times. In modern times, pollution was aggravated by industrialization and urbanization and became closely related to people's lives. Shanghai was the industrial center and the most urbanized place of modern China. As a price, it needed to face extremely serious urban pollution, and the treatment of this problem involved all aspects of social life. Noise pollution let foreigners to interpret the Chinese people and the city of Shanghai from a cultural perspective, and let Chinese residents to understand Shanghai and the nation from a civilized perspective. Pollution regulation made Shanghai the first city in modern China to implement overall pollution control and levy environmental protection fees. It also enabled the Chinese to gradually fight for their rights in urban governance. Urban pollution also brought business opportunities; in the highly commercial city of Shanghai, it promoted the development of some industries. The experience of urban pollution and its treatment prompted the people of Shanghai to rethink and re-recognize modern civilization, and also promoted the formation of Shanghai urban community.

• Journal of East-Asian Urban History
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-63
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• 2020

The emergence of coffee shops and other public spaces in modern Shanghai shows the appearance of the "mass" centered on the middle class. Furthermore, we can further explore the different development paths of the publicity of modern Chinese urban society. The emergence of new public leisure spaces, such as cafes, provides a model of modern life style and a stage of daily publicity for the middle class in Shanghai. With the convenience provided by this kind of public space, people are able to clean up their old opinions and be better at accepting new ideas. A more sensitive and flexible public opinion of Enlightenment has gradually formed in urban life.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.143-150
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• 2006

Life Science or Home Economics has its own history of scholarship. In South Korea, the School of Home Economics was regarded as the best school of 'producing best brides' in the early stage of its academic history. Since the 1980s when South Korean society went through a speedy economic growth with development of culture and service industry, the school was transformed to educating highly professional career women in the field of industry which deals with everyday lives. As an applied science in nature, the school of Home Economics has had a heavy emphasis on engineering the familial and social life. It also has heavily depended on imported theories and statistical researches. In the crisis of familial and social disintergration, the role of School of Home Economics needs to be redefined. Reexamination of the premises of Home Economics and methodology is necessary. Decolonializaton of the scholarship in the changed condition of global capitalism is particularly urgent in the late modern era of reflexion.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the spiritual well-being and quality of life between hospital and home hospice patients. Methods: A total of 116 patients from 4 hospice hospitals in D city and P city participated in this study from January to April 2012. To measure spiritual well-being, an instrument developed by Paloutzian and Ellison (1982) and revised by Park (2005) was used. To measure quality of life, an instrument developed by Cho (1993) and revised by Sun (2003) was used. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2$-test, and ANCOVA. Results: Spiritual well-being and quality of life were higher in home hospice patients than in hospital hospice patients, but they were not statistically significant. Higher education and having religion were significantly related to higher spiritual well-being in both groups. Having religion and pain history for the past one week were significantly related to higher quality of life in both groups. Conclusion: For hospice patients, participation in religious activities needs to be encouraged to improve their spiritual well-being and quality of life. Assessing the hospice patients' pain history with close observation and managing the pain are suggested.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1989

The stress history of a bridge is different depending on the characteristic of traffic flow. Because the flow is varied with vehicle type, weight and headway time etc., statistical analysis in bridges is necessary to estimate the history by traffic flow. By applying the statistical analyses in fracture mechanics, the remaining service life of the structure can be estimated. In this paper, 1)the statistical analysis of vehicle type, weight and headway time etc. to analysis randomness of traffic flow, 2)measuring and analysis of stress history of a real bridge, 3)reappearance of stress history by Monte-Carlo Simulation using constitution ratio of vehicle type, weight and headway time as probabilitic variable, 4)comparision of the calculated and modelled stress history, 5)calculation of reduction factor, 6)comparision of frequency of stress range depending on span length etc. were performed. From the results, the basic modelled stress history which is necessary for the method of estimation of the remaining service life of the structure could be suggested.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 2001

Ford Madox Ford, the early twentieth-century writer most famous for his novel The Good Soldier, perceived his "business in life [as an] ... attempt to discover and to try to let you see where you stand." With this grand purpose in mind, Ford disregarded distinctions of genre in his prolific output of what we would consider novels, memoirs, literary criticism, travel writing, and history. Claiming that "the Novelist ... [is a] historian of his own time," Ford sought his own version of the "truth," a truth that was more faithful to his own subjective impressions than to verifiable "fact." Among these works that depict his age are a series of "memoirs" or "reminiscences," works published from the 1910s to the 1930s which carry out his Impressionistic purpose. What lies behind these memoirs is Ford′s view that his own individual history can be understood as his contemporary society′s collective history. This article explores Ford′s experimentation with boundaries of fact and fiction, and history and narrative, as he employs and expands the memoir form. In particular, 1 focus on two works, Memories and Impressions (1911) and It Was the Nightingale (1933), and Ford′s techniques in these memoirs, such as 1) the adoption of fictional personae from which to comment on his society at large and 2) the use of emblematic "parables" to encapsulate larger lessons of life within the minutiae of existence. Current theorists on the memoir form share interests in these questions of genre and of the social role of the memoir Nancy Miller, for instance, terms the memoir "the record of an experience in search of a community." This article engages these current discussions of the memoir genre by examining Ford′s early twentieth-century examples as innovative experiments that play with the boundaries between fiction and history, and personal impressions and collective truth.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.167-181
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• 2010

This research was designed to explore the meaning of housing among Korean Chinese in Harbin, China. In particular, the meaning of housing was examined by using the pathway approach. Utilizing qualitative research methods, this study administered the in-depth interview on the oral history of an individual life, and the 5 elderly persons in their 60s and 70s participated in the individualized interviews that were conducted from May 28 to 31 in 2010. The main findings of meaning of housing were as follows; 1. Similarly to the meaning of housing in 1970s and 1980s in Korea, house was viewed as both a shelter for family members and relatives and a place for their comfort. 2. Prior to multi-story residences, Harbin had only 3 different forms of single-story houses available; Chinese style with Kang and soil room(地室), Korean style with 'Ondol', and Russian style with open floor and Pechka, The promotion at work enabled participants to move to multi-story residences, their moving time varied from 1970 to 1991, and the residential moving determined their current housing status. 3. Multi-story residences were available around 1970s, floor-heating system was introduced from 1990s, and high-rise apartments were built from 1998. Korean Chinese(朝鮮族) weren't satisfied with the spatial composition of individual units embedded into the Chinese culture, especially, entrance, kitchen, bathroom and veranda. 4. Based on assimilation through socialism, adaptation to socialist society and capitalist acculturation, the lifestyles of the interviewees were categorized into five types - capitalist-proactive(Ms. KS), socialist-pragmatic(Ms. J), socialist-inducive(Ms. KY), family centered-conservative(Ms. L), and socialist-adaptive(Ms. P). This study implies that housing-related services for Korean Chinese are necessarily provided so as to embrace their life style and cultural identity in housing design, and further studies need to be explored.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.103-112
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to find out the housing history of Sakhalin returnees in Ansan Gohyangmaeul since leaving hometown under the Japanese ruling period, who experienced two international migration for one's life. Face to face interview had been done with 20 returnees in the community center of Ansan Gohyangmaeul during October to December, 2008. The semi-structured questionnaire about housing the respondents lived in major life changes used to guide the individual interview. The results showed that personal life as well as housing histories were differed by the reason to move into Sakhalin, which still influenced the returnee' life up to now. The housing they had lived changed from barracks like a training camp, to Japanese small wooden cottage/row house, and then Russian brick house/ apartment. Housing alteration and addition and rebuilding were common to renew the old existing house. The boundary of residing area was mostly limited to the first residing location under soviet governing system throughout one's life without a long distance move. Housing satisfaction was very high in Gohyangmaeul because of the improvement of housing facilities and residence itself as well as the convenience of housing management, compared to former residence in Sakhalin. Economic and emotional aspects of life satisfaction were also high during about 8 years of living in the apartment. Forced movers still require the compensation on hand to either Korean or Japanese government no matter the amount. Social integration to the Korean community would be one of the main issues to new returnees as well as the already returned. In-depth interviews of case study need to reveal the unique housing experience of the forced mover according to the type of leaving hometown by oneself or by parents, and to returned region and time to motherland.