• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 전자선 묘화 방법을 이용하여 게이트 길이가 0.35 ㎛인 AlGaAs/InGaAs PHEMT를 제작하였다. 다른 게이트 폭과 게이트 핑거 수를 갖도록 제작된 PHEMT의 DC 및 AC 특성은 여러 가지의 바이어스 조건에서 측정하였다. 또한, 제작된 PHEMT와 수동 소자의 라이브러리를 이용하여 35 GHz에서 동작 가능한 MIMIC 전력증폭기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 제작된 MIMIC 전력증폭기는 27.6 GHz에서 7.9㏈의 이득과 -15 ㏈의 입력 반사 계수를 나타내었다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2018

Incorporation of unique barcodes into fission yeast gene deletion collections has enabled the identification of gene functions by growth fitness analysis. For fine tuning, it is important to examine barcode sequences, because mutations arise during strain construction. Out of 8,708 barcodes (4,354 strains) covering 88.5% of all 4,919 open reading frames, 7,734 barcodes (88.8%) were validated as high-fidelity to be inserted at the correct positions by Sanger sequencing. Sequence examination of the 7,734 high-fidelity barcodes revealed that 1,039 barcodes (13.4%) deviated from the original design. In total, 1,284 mutations (mutation rate of 16.6%) exist within the 1,039 mutated barcodes, which is comparable to budding yeast (18%). When the type of mutation was considered, substitutions accounted for 845 mutations (10.9%), deletions accounted for 319 mutations (4.1%), and insertions accounted for 121 mutations (1.6%). Peculiarly, the frequency of substitutions (67.6%) was unexpectedly higher than in budding yeast (~28%) and well above the predicted error of Sanger sequencing (~2%), which might have arisen during the solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis and PCR amplification of the barcodes during strain construction. When the mutation rate was analyzed by position within 20-mer barcodes using the 1,284 mutations from the 7,734 sequenced barcodes, there was no significant difference between up-tags and down-tags at a given position. The mutation frequency at a given position was similar at most positions, ranging from 0.4% (32/7,734) to 1.1% (82/7,734), except at position 1, which was highest (3.1%), as in budding yeast. Together, well-defined barcode sequences, combined with the next-generation sequencing platform, promise to make the fission yeast gene deletion library a powerful tool for understanding gene function.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.363-371
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 IEEE 802.16e 모바일 WiMAX 표준의 19가지 블록길이(576~2304)에 따른 6가지 부호율(1/2, 2/3A, 2/3B, 3/4A, 3/4B, 5/6)과 IEEE 802.11n WLAN 표준의 3가지 블록길이(648, 1296, 1944)에 따른 4가지 부호율(1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6)을 지원하는 다중표준 LDPC 복호기를 설계하였다. Layered 복호방식의 블록-시리얼(부분병렬) 구조와 SM(sign-magnitude) 수체계 기반의 DFU(decoding function unit)를 적용하여 하드웨어 복잡도를 최소화시켰다. 설계된 회로는 FPGA 구현을 통해 하드웨어 동작을 검증하였으며, 0.13-${\mu}m$ CMOS 셀 라이브러리로 합성한 결과 약 312,000 게이트와 70,000 비트의 메모리로 구현되었고, 100 MHz@1.8V로 동작하여 79~210 Mbps의 성능을 갖는 것으로 평가되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2015

Ki-67 has been widely used as an indicator of cell proliferation in gliomas. However, the role of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker is still undefined. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published literatures in order to clarify the impact of Ki-67 on survival in glioma cases. Eligible studies were identified in PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Direct and Wiley Online Library with the last search updated on August 31, 2014. The clinical characteristics, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) together with Ki-67 expression at different time points were extracted. A total of 51 studies, covering 4,307 patients, were included in the current meta-analysis. The results showed that overexpression of Ki-67 can predict poor OS (HR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.53-1.80; Z=11.87; p=0.000) and poor PFS (HR=1.67, 95%CI: 1.47-1.91; Z=7.67; p=0.000) in gliomas. Moreover, subgroup analyses also indicated that high level of Ki-67 expression was related to poor OS and PFS in glioma patients regardless of region, pathology type, cut-off value and statistical method. In conclusion, the current meta-analysis revealed that Ki-67 expression might be a predicative factor for poor prognosis of glioma patients, emphasizing its importance as a predictor.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of Guibi-tang that are used for postpartum depression. Methods: We searched on five databases [Korean studies Information Service (KISS), Oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system (OASIS), The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI)] with keywords for Postpartum depression (English, Korean, and Chinese) and evaluated the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was performed on the selected studies. Results: 8 potentially relevant articles were retrieved for further evaluation. There was evidence that Guibi-tang compared with Western medicine was significantly higher rate in total effect rate (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04, 1.39, p=0.01). Also, the combined therapeutic effects of Guibi-tang and Psychological intervention compared with Psychological intervention were statistically significant in total effect rate (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05, 1.24, p=0.002). And they showed improvement on scores of HAMD (Hamilton depression scale, HAMD) and SF-36 (36-Item short form health survey, SF-36). Conclusion: Guibi-tang appears to be more effective compared to Western medicine in the treatment of postpartum depression. The combination Guibi-tang and Psychological intervention was more effective than psychological intervention alone treated for postpartum depression. However, since unclear risk of bias, the result of this study should be considered carefully. Further clinical trials should be carried out in order to academical clinical progress regarding treatment of Postpartum Depression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1313-1320
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• 2014

Introduction: Although most prostate cancers initially respond to castration with luteinizing hormonereleasing analogues or bilateral orchiectomy, progression eventually occurs. Based on the exciting results of several randomized controlled trials (RCTs), it seems that patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) might benefit more from treatment withabiraterone. Therefore we conducted a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of abiraterone in the treatment of mCRPC. Methods: Literature was searched from Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to July, 2013. Quality of the study was evaluated according to the Cochrane's risk of bias of randomized controlled trial (RCT) tool, then the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) System was used to rate the level of evidence. Stata 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Summary data from RCTs comparing abiraterone plus prednisone versus placebo plus prednisone for mCRPC were meta-analyzed. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS), radiographic progression-free survival (RPFS) and time to PSA progression (TTPP); Pooled risk ratios (RR) for PSA response rate, objective response rate and adverse event were calculated. Results: Ten trials were included in the systematic review; Data of 2,283 patients (1,343 abiraterone; 940 placebo) from two phase 3 trials: COU-AA-301 and COU-AA-302 were meta-analyzed. Compared with placebo, abiraterone significantly prolonged OS (HR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66 to 0.84), RPFS (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.74) and time to PSA progression (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.70); it also significantly increased PSA response rate (RR, 3.63; 95% CI, 1.72 to 7.65) and objective response rate (RR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.51 to 6.15). This meta-analysis suggested that the adverse events caused by abiraterone are acceptable and can be controlled. Conclutios: Abiraterone significantly prolonged OS, RPFS and time to progression patients with mCRPC, regardless of prior chemotherapy or whether chemotherapy-na$\ddot{i}$ve, and no unexpected toxicity was evident. Abiraterone can serve as a new standard therapy for mCRPC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3403-3410
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• 2014

Context: Interest exits in whether TNF-alpha antagonists increase the risk of breast cancer and total malignancies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objectives: To analyze the risk of malignancies, especially breast cancer, in patients with RA enrolled in randomized control trials (RCTs). Methods: A systematic literature search for RCTs from 1 January 1998 to 1 July 2013 from online databases, such as PubMed, WILEY, EMBASE, ISI web of knowledge and Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies included RCTs that compared the safety of at least one dose of the five TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists with placebo or methotrexate (MTX) (or TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists plus MTX vs placebo plus MTX) in RA patients for more than 24 weeks and imported all the references into document management software EndNote${\times}6$. Two independent reviewers selected studies and extracted the data about study design, patients' characteristics and the type, number of all malignancies. Results: 28 RCTs from 34 records with 11,741 patients were analyzed. Of the total, 97 developed at least one malignancy during the double-blind trials, and breast cancer was observed in 17 patients (17.5% of total malignancies). However, there was no statistically significant increased risk observed in either the per protocol (PP) model (OR 0.65, 95%CI [0.22, 1.93]) or the modified intention to treat (mITT) model (OR 0.75, 95%CI [0.25, 2.21]). There were also no significant trend for increased risk of total malignancies on anti-TNF-${\alpha}$ therapy administered at approved doses in either model (OR, 1.06, 95%CI [0.64, 1.75], and OR, 1.30, 95%CI [0.80, 2.14], respectively). As to the two models, modified intention to treat model analysis led to higher estimation than per protocol model analysis. Conclusions: This study did not find a significantly increased risk of breast cancer and total malignancies in adults RA patients treated with TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists at approved doses. However, it cannot be ignored that more patients developed malignancies with TNF-${\alpha}$ antagonists therapy compared with patients with placebo or MTX, in spite of the lack of statistical significance, so that more strict clinical trials and long-term follow-up are needed, and both mITT and PP analyses should be used in such safety analyses.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2001

A cDNA fragment encoding the chloroplastic fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) was cloned via PCR from the cDNA library of pea leaves. The cloned cDNA, about 1.05 kbp without signal sequence, was introduced into a pET-28a vector for expression in E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS. The recombinant FBPase was purified through $Ni^+-NTA$ affinity chromatography and characterized. Molecular mass of the monomer was about 42,000. Enzymatic activity of the purified enzyme as the native pea chloroplastic FBPase was the highest at alkaline pH (pH 9.0). The recombinant enzyme was activated by a reducing agent DTT and was insensitive to AMP. The activation energy (Ea) and Arrehenius frequency factor were 42.67 kcal/mol and $2.65{\times}10^{14}/s$, respectively, slightly higher than those of the native enzyme. $K_M$ and $V_{max}$ were $99.98{\mu}M$ and $52.9{\mu}M/min$, respectively, which were comparable with the native enzyme.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.71.2-71
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• 2003

Ralstonia solancearum infects many solanaceous plants, however race 3 infects only potato and tomato weakly. To identify genes responsible for race specificity of R. solanacearum, we mobilized genomic library of LSD2029 (race 3) into LSD341 (race 1) and inoculated 1,000 transconjugants into hot pepper. One transconjugant that did not induce wilt symptom in hot pepper was isolated. We found that a cosmid clone, pRSl, conferred avirulence to LSD341. By deletion and mutational analyses of pRSl, we found the 0.9-kb PstI/Hindlll fragment carries avirulence functions. We sequenced the fragment and identified one possible open reading frame, a rsal gene, possibly encoding 110 amino acids. The rsal was preceded with a plant-inducible promoter (PIP) box, indicating that the gene might be regulated by HrpB. Interestingly, the promoter region of the rsal homolog in the strain GM11000 (race 1) did not have the PIP box. Rsal did not show any significant homologies with proteins in the database, indicating th e protein is different from the previously reported avirulence proteins. When we mutated the rsal gene by marker-exchange in LSD2029, the mutant was less virulent in potato.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2002

The cyclophilins (Cyps) are family members of proteins that exhibit peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase, EC 5.2.1.8) activity and bind the immunosuppressive agent cyclosprin A (CsA) in varying degrees. During the process of random sequencing of a cDNA library made from Giardia intestinalis WB strain, the cyclophilin gene (gicypl) was isolated. An open reading frame of gicyp1 gene was 576 nucleotides, which corresponded to a translation product of 176 amino acids (Gicypl). The identity with other Cyps was about 58-71%. The 13 residues that constituted the CsA binding site of human cyclophilin were also detected in the amino acid sequence of Gicypl, including tryptophan residue essential for the drug binding. The single copy of the gicypl gene was detected in the G. intestinalis chromosome by southern hybridization analysis. Recombinant Gicyp 1 protein clearly accelerated the rate of cis ${\rightarrow}$ trans isomerization of the peptide substrate and the catalysis was completely inhibited by the addition of $0.5{\;}{\mu}M$ CsA.