• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.355-364
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• 2009

Objectives : Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases among elderly men. Though medicines such as 5${\alpha}$-reductase inhibitor (finasteride) have recently been developed for treating BPH, their adverse effects and low efficacy should not be overlooked. Curcuma longa has a long history of use in traditional medicines of Asian countries. Many reports conclude the component curcumin in Curcuma lonfa, has the potential to treat various diseases including prostate cancer. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of Curcuma longa with a BPH rat model. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were used with subcutaneous injection of testosterone after castration, which were histologically similar to human BPH. A total of 30 rats were equally divided into five groups: Group 1 served as control (sham-operated group): Group 2 was the model group: Group 3 and Group 4 animals were administered Curcuma longa at dose levels of 0.5g/kg and 1.0g/kg: Group 5 served as a positive control group and was treated with finasteride at a dose of 1 mg/kg. The drugs were administered orally once a day for 30 days consecutively. After 31 days, the prostates were removed, and analyzed for their prostatic weight and histological examination. Results : The oral Curcuma longa ingestion group showed statistically significant decreases in their prostatic weights compared with the BPH-induced group and the oral finasteride ingestion group (p<0.05). Curcuma longa is also very safe in liver and kidney up to a dose of lg/kg. Injected testosterone histologically led to prostatic hyperplasia in rats, but oral Curcuma longa ingestion decreased this change. Conclusions : These results suggest that Curcuma longa has a definite inhibitory effect on BPH and might be an alternative medicine for treatment and prevention of human BPH.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.187-220
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze supporters' community formation motives/ Process/consumption experiences and community characteristics. For this purpose, this study collected the data using ethnographic interview. participant observation, documents and media reports. The results of this study show that supporters communities' formation and diffusion process were influenced by individual characteristics(e.g., personality, hobby and etc.), community characteristics(e.g.,team performance, star player, facilities and etc.) and external factors(ex: media movement etc.) and supporters have experienced various emotions such as intimacy. cohesion, pride and so on through various activities at on-line and off-line site. Community characteristics were classified into we-ness, rituals/traditions, moral responsibility. We found that we-ness influenced emotional dimensions such as joy, pleasure, fun and excitement. rituals and traditions made members feel passion. hope. love and vitality. and moral responsibility provided satisfaction. enthusiasm anxiety. regret and so on. Also, emotional attachment and brand loyalty were increased by these experiential aspects of community consumption.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.5
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• pp.635-643
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• 2018

This paper propose a method to identify the motor parameters and improve input voltage error which affect the low speed position error of the back-emf(back electromotive force) based sensorless algorithm and to secure the operation reliability and stability even in the case where the load fluctuation is severe and the start and low speed operation frequently occurs. In the model-based observer used in this paper, stator resistance, inductance, and input voltage are particularly influential factors on low speed performance. Stator resistance can cause resistance value fluctuation which may occur in mass production process, and fluctuation of resistance value due to heat generated during operation. The inductance is influenced by the fluctuation due to the manufacturing dispersion and at a low speed where the change of the current is severe. In order to find stator resistance and inductance which have different initial values and fluctuate during operation and have a large influence on sensorless performance at low speed, they are commonly measured through 2-point calculation method by 2-step align current injection. The effect of voltage error is minimized by offsetting the voltage error. In addition, when the command voltage is used, it is difficult to estimate the back-emf due to the relatively large distortion voltage due to the dead time and the voltage drop of the power device. In this paper, we propose a simple circuit and method to detect the voltage by measuring the PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) pulse width and compensate the voltage drop of the power device with the table, thereby minimizing the position error due to the exact estimation of the back-emf at low speed. The suitability of the proposed algorithm is verified through experiment.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2013

In this paper, DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform) and CAVLC(Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding) are co-designed as hardware IP with software operation of the other modules in H.264/AVC codec. In order to increase the operation speed, a new method using SHIFT table is proposed. As a result, enhancement of about 16(%) in the operation speed is obtained. Designed Hardware IPs are downloaded into Virtex-4 FX60 FPGA in the ML-410 development board and H.264/AVC encoding is performed with Microblaze CPU implemented in FPGA. Software modules are developed from JM13.2 to make C code. In order to verify the designed Hardware IPs, Modelsim program is used for functional simulation. As a result that all Hardware IPs and software modules are downloaded into the FPGA, improvement of processing speed about multiples of 16 in case of DCT hardware IP and multiples of 10 in case of CAVLC compared with software-only processing. Although this paper deals with co-design of H/W and S/W for H.264, it can be utilized for the other embedded system design.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2007

Although animal and epidemiological studies have suggested oxidative stress as an etiological factor in pathogenesis including cancer, inflammation, sepsis, fibrosis, cardiovascularlneurodegenerative diseases and aging-related disorders, conflicting results have been obtained in clinical trial with antioxidants. The reason for this discrepancy remains unknown but may be due, in part, to the lack of a validated assay system for evaluating antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant activity of a series of sugar alcohols against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites was determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay and cell-based assay using H4IIE cells. Specific TOSC values calculated from the slope of the linear regression for erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol or mannitol against peroxyl radicals was $2.1{\pm}0.2,\;3.7{\pm}0.3,\;9.1{\pm}0.3$ or $8.7{\pm}1.1$ TOSC/mM, respectively. Specific TOSC values for erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol or mannitol against peroxynitrite was $1.9{\pm}0.3,\;3.9{\pm}0.4,\;7.8{\pm}0.7$ or $7.7{\pm}0.5$ TOSC/mM, respectively. These results suggest that oxy-radical scavenging capacity is dependent on the number of aliphatic hydroxyl group in sugar alcohols of monosaccharide. Tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cell toxicity determined by MTT assay was marginally attenuated by 10 mM erythritol, but completely inhibited by 10 mM xylitol, 2 mM sorbitol or 0.75 mM maltitol, a disaccharide alcohol. Oxidative stress markers, such as glutathione (GSH) and malondial-dehyde (MDA) levels, were measured in t-BHP-treated cells using HPLC equipped with a fluorescence detector and a reverse phase column. Erythritol did not change the levels of GSH and MDA in H411E cells treated with t-BHP. The t-BHP-induced changes in cellular GSH and MDA levels were ameliorated by 10 mM xylitol and completely blocked by 10 mM sorbitol and maltitol. These results indicate that sugar alcohols protect cells against oxidative stress via scavenging oxy-radical and suggest that TOSC assay in conjunction with cell-based assay is a valid method for evaluating antioxidant capacity of natural and synthetic chemicals.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.664-671
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• 2010

A genetic linkage map was constructed using 188 $F_9$ RILs derived from a cross between $Solanum$ $lycopersicum$ H7996 (resistant to bacterial wilt) and $S.$ $pimpinellifolium$ WVa700 (highly susceptible to bacterial wilt). The map consisted of 361 markers including 260 DArTs, 74 AFLPs, 4 RFLPs, 1 SNP, and 22 SSRs. The resulting linkage map was comprised of 13 linkage groups covering 2042.7 cM. The genetic linkage map had an average map distance between markers of 5.7 cM, with an average DArT marker density of 1/7.9 cM. Based on the distribution of anchor SSR markers, 11 linkage groups were assigned to 10 chromosomes of tomato except chromosomes 5 and 12. The DArT markers were distributed across the genome in a similar way as other markers and showed the highest frequency of clustering (38.8%) at ${\leq}$ 0.5 cM intervals between adjacent markers, which is 3 times higher than AFLPs (13.5%). The present study is the first utilization of DArT markers in tomato linkage map construction.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2020

In this study, we tried to reproduce some of the cosmetics from the Joseon period based on the previous analysis of the cosmetics excavated from the tomb of Princess Hwahyup. The two cosmetic powders, the white powder consisting of lead(II) carbonate and talc and the cinnabar-based red powder, were reproduced according to the records from the 6th to the 19th centuries. We also studied the degradation profiles of these reproduced samples by comparison of XRD patterns. Basic lead carbonate of the reproduced white powder turned into lead(II) carbonate, while the reproduced red powder showed different crystalline structure from the excavated cosmetics even after the degradation. Results of the evaluation tests showed that these reproduced cosmetics fell short of the standards set for the modern-day cosmetics, but based on their mixing ratio, the spreadability and oil absorption capacity of some samples of the reproduced white powder were found to be similar to those of the modern cosmetics.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.395-402
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• 2011

As the consumer market for odor products grows, companies producing healthcare products are beginning to pay more attention to the emotional aspect of an odor product in order to differentiate their products from competitors. In the following research, the affective effect of odor product was investigated while focusing on relaxation and working contexts using orange and pine scents, since these are typical odors in current domestic market. Two empirical studies were carried out. First, in experiment I, 18 subjects, all of whom were university students, spent 20 minutes sitting comfortably on a sofa while electrocardiogram assessments were made. After a five-minute break, in experiment II, the same subjects were provided with both arithmetic and geometric questions and their electroencephalogram readings was recorded from eight channels. All subjects participated in three sessions - no odor, an orange scent, and then a pine scent - with a minimum time interval of 24 hours. The results show that in the context of a pine scent, both the activation ratio of subjects' parasympathetic system and those of the Sensory Motor Rhythm waves and Mid Beta waves were at the highest peak. Therefore, the pine scent helped the subjects to feel more comfortable and more focused at the same time. In other words, it gave them a state of meditated attention. In addition, it was found that the right brain was activated twice the intensity when the subjects worked through the geometric questions, whereas both sides of the brain were activated in equal magnitude during the process of arithmetic tasks. This replicates previous studies of the functional aspect of the right brain - being responsible for spatial and creative thinking.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2015

A reduction of motor performance due to brain disorders can be screened by evaluating force tracking capabilities (FTCs). Existing studies have examined FTCs mainly using simple sinusoidal waves, of which repeated profiles have a critical limitation due to a learning effect in force tracking. The present study examined the effects of personal factors (age and gender) and sinusoidal wave factors (central force and complexity) on FTCs of healthy adults using composite sinusoidal wave profiles (CSWPs). FTCs were measured using Finger $Touch^{TM}$ for 30 seconds and quantified in terms of time within the target range (TWR, accuracy measure) and relative RMSE (RRMSE, variability measure). A total of 90 healthy adults in 20s to 70s with the equal gender ratio participated in the experiment consisting of combinations of 2 central force levels (6 N and 10 N) and 2 complexity levels (approximate entropy, ApEn = 0.03 and 0.06) of CSWPs. Significantly decreased FTCs (lower TWR and higher RRMSE) were found in aged adults, females, the low central force, and the high complexity. The detailed FTC decrements include a 43% reduced TWR and a 85% increased RRMSE of older adults in 70s as compared to those in 20s, a 17% reduced TWR and a 17% increased RRMSE of female as compared to those of male, a 30% reduced TWR and a 108% increased RRMSE at central force = 6N when compared to those at central force = 10N, and a 19% reduced TWR and a 30% increased RRMSE at ApEn = 0.06 as compared to those at ApEn = 0.03. The characteristics of FTCs for CSWPs can be of use in establishing an assessment protocol of motor performance for screening brain disorders.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.152-157
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• 2004

Gluten was extracted from domestic wheat flour using UTH buffer (4 M urea in 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.6) and validated by SDS-PAGE analysis for production of wheat flour products with reduced gluten content.. Anti-gluten polyclonal antibody was made by administering extracted gluten fraction on animal model. Anti-gluten serum titer of extracted gluten fraction was evaluated by ELISA, and that of antibody titer according to administration period. Anti-gluten sera were used for ELISA and immunoblot analysis before and after hydrolysis of gluten fraction at optimal pH and temperature condition for each protease. Gluten fraction separated by SDS-PAGE showed several bands covering 75 to 10 kDa, in which anti-gluten sera were 25, 34, and 45 kDa. Enzyme hydrolysis of gluten fraction revealed protein band sizes to be lower than 15 kDa. Content of pretense from bovine pancreas (b.p. protease) for gluten hydrolysis was estimated as 1 mg in 10 mL gluten fraction extracted for 4 hr.