• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.2409-2412
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• 2015

Purpose: We aimed to study the inflammatory parameters of complete blood count in breast cancer cases. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study covered 178 breast cancer patients and 107 age and body mass index matched healthy women. Complete blood count parameters, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and MPV/platelet were analyzed. Results: The leukocyte, neutrophil and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were higher in the patient group (p values 0.001, 0.0001 and 0.0001, respectively) while haemoglobin and hematocrit were higher in the control group (p=0.0001 for both). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated neutrophils and platelet distribution width (PDW) (OR: 0.627, 95%CI: 0.508-0.774, p=0.001 and OR: 1.191 95%CI: 1.057-1.342 p=0.003) were independent variables for predicting breast cancer. The cut-off value for the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was 2.56. Conclusions: According to our study results, neutrophil levels as part of complete blood count may be used as an independent predictor of breast cancer risk.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2019

Delayed arrival of blood samples from the field and a large number of samples delivered often causes delay in sample analysis leading to inaccurate measurements. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether prolonged storage in refrigerator could influence the stability of cattle blood samples and to establish an optimal time limit for complete blood count (CBC) parameters and blood gas and electrolyte (BGE) parameters analyses. Samples collected from healthy cows were tested immediately for CBC and BGE using automated hematology, blood gas and electrolyte analyzers. Samples were kept in refrigerator at 4℃ and analyzed after 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 120 h, and 192 h of storage. Mean differences between observations were assessed at 5% significance level using ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. Total CBC parameters and the platelet profile remained stable for 192 h, except for MCHC. Among leukocyte-related counts, NEU and EOS remained stable for 192 hours. WBC and LYM, and MONO values produced inconsistent measurements which recovered its initial measurement after 12 h and 24 h of storage, respectively, then remained stable until 120 h. Among the blood gas indices, PCO₂, PO₂, tCO₂, and BE showed declining and significant changes over time, but pH, tHb, and SO₂ remained stable for 192 h. Electrolyte status in the blood showed that ions are unstable and tend to change in as early as 6 h of storage. This study established that cattle blood specimens for CBC analysis can be stored for 120 h at 4℃, but specimens for BGE analyses must be tested within 6 to 24 h.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.194-201
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• 2017

본 연구는 자동혈구분석기 Hemavet 950FS를 이용한 돼지 혈액 내 혈구분석의 유효성을 검증하고, 정확한 분석을 위한 유효시간을 결정하기 위하여 실시하였다. 분석시료는 체중 60 kg (${\pm}3.5$)의 Duroc 종 34두로부터 채취하였으며, 이들 중에서 분석치가 정상범위를 벗어나거나 용혈이 발견된 시료는 연구에서 제외하고 최종적으로 10개의 시료를 본 연구에 이용하였다. 임의의 하나의 시료에 대해 10회 연속분석을 통하여 일내변동을 조사한 결과, leukocytes계 혈구들 중에서 백혈구, 호중구, 림프구에서는 낮은 일내변동으로 분석의 유효성이 인정되었으나, 단핵구, 호산구, 호염구에 있어서는 큰 변동을 나타내었다. 이와 반면에 erythrocytes 및 thrombocytes계 혈구들의 모든 지표들은 안정적인 일내변동이 관찰되었다. 채혈 후 시간 경과에 따른 혈구변화를 분석한 결과 leukocytes계 혈구 및 thrombocytes계 혈구는 시간경과에 따라 검출농도가 유의적으로 감소되는 것으로 관찰되었다. 반면, erythrocytes계 혈구들은 채혈 후 120시간까지는 안정적으로 분석이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하면, Hemavet 950FS는 돼지의 혈액 내에서 단핵구, 호산구, 호염구를 제외하고 일반 혈구분석에 유용한 것으로 판단된다. 또한, leukocytes 및 thrombocytes계 혈구들에 대한 정확한 분석을 위해서는 채혈 후 4시간 이내에 분석이 이루어져야하며, erythrocytes계 혈구들은 채혈 후 120시간까지는 안정적으로 검출이 가능한 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2004

In recent, many cardiac centers have preferred off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to on-pump CABG to prevent the adverse effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. The present study was performed to prove beneficial effects of off-pump CABG. Sixty adult patients scheduled for elective CABG were randomly assigned to On-pump group (n=30) or Off-pump group (n=30). Arterial blood samples were drawn before and after the operation (Pre-OP and Post-OP, respectively) for measuring CBC, prothrombin time, activated thromboplastine time, blood gas analysis, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) level, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Perioperative parameters including heparin and protamine usages, complications, blood components usages, blood loss, ventilation and ICU-staying time, and hospitalization were also evaluated. Platelet count at Post-OP was high in Off-pump group whereas CK-MB and LDH levels were low compared with On-pump group. Off-pump group had significantly lower heparin and protamine usages, lower total leukocyte count, higher hematocrit and hemoglobin levels, less blood loss, lower usages of blood components, shorter ventilation and ICU-staying time, and lower incidence of pleural effusion than On-pump group. Other variables did not significantly differ between two groups. These results showed that Off-pump CABG was a satisfactory technique with less inflammatory reaction, less cardiac damage, less postoperative complications, and less cost.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2005

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for cardiac surgery induces the production and release of numerous chemotactic substances and cytokines, ensuing systemic inflammatory response that causes postoperative major organ dysfunctions. We performed a randomized, prospective study to investigate clinical effects of preoperative treated-methylprednisolone for preventing inflammation in pediatric cardiac surgery with CPB. Thirty pediatric patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery were randomized to either control(n=15) or steroid group (n=15, 10 mg/kg of methylprednisolone). Arterial blood samples were taken before and after the operations for measuring total leukocyte (T-WBC) and differential counts, platelet counts, interleukin-6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), neuron specific enolase (NSE), troponin-I (TNI), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels. Postoperative parameters such as pulmonary index (PI, $PaO_2/FiO_2$), 24 hrs and total bleeding volumes, mechanical ventilating (MVP) and intensive care unit (ICU)-staying periods, and hospitalization were assessed. T-WBC, neutrophil fraction, IL-6, MPO, NSE, TNI, AST and creatinine levels, bleeding volumes, PI, and MVP at the postoperative periods were lower or shorter in steroid group than in control group (P<0.05). These findings indicated that preoperative administration of methylprednisolone attenuated CPB-induced inflammatory reactions, contributing to postoperative recovery of patients underwent cardiac surgery.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.133-151
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• 1996

심장수술후 흔히 발생하는 다양한 술후 합병증들은 체외순환으로 인한 체액성 및 세포성 면역계의 손상이 깊이 연루되어 일어나는 것으로 인식되어져 왔다. 특히, 술후 종종 경험하게되는 폐기능 부전은 보체계 활성화 및 염증반응에 따른 백혈구의 폐내 정체(pulmonary leukostasis)가 이와 같은 합병증의 주된 요인으로 알려져 있다. 일부 연구들은 체외순환 실시전 항 염증 약제인 부신피질 호르몬제를 투여함으로써 보체계 및 백혈구 활성화가 억제되어 술후 폐기능 부전의 발생을 예방시켜 주었다고 보고하고 있다. 이에 본 연구의 저자는 체외순환을 이용한 심장수술 동안과 술후, 백혈구의 숫적 변화 및 폐내 정체를 관찰하였다. 술후 시기에 있어 폐기능 평가의 한 지표로 동맥혈 산소분압을 측정하여 술전치와 비교하였고 흉부 X-선 필름을 통한 폐부종 징후와 발열유무, 그리고 그외 여러 변수들을 분석하였다. 또한 체외순환 실시전 투여한 부신피질 호르몬제(solu-Medrol; 30mg/kg)가 이러한 변수들에 어떤 영향을 미치며 과거의 연구에서 설명된 여러가지 예방적 효과가 과연 있는지를 함께 규명하였다. 연구는 무작위로 선정된 심장수술환자 50명을 대상으로 전향적 맹검법(blind fashion)으로 시행하였다 연구의 목적상 전체 환자를 placebo 군(n=25)과 steroid 군(n=25)으로 분류하였고 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 체외순환은 말초혈액의 총백혈구수를 유의하게 변화시키는데 초기엔 그 수를 저하시켰고 시간이 경과할수록 점차 상승시켰으며 유의한 상승은 술후 7일까지 지속되었다(P<0.05). 이러한 총 백혈구의 숫적 변화는 호중구수의 절대적 변화에 기인한 것이었다. 2. 부분체외순환 동안 placebo 군은 백혈구의 폐내정체가 일어났으나, steroid 군은 예방되었다. 3. 양 군 모두에 있어 체외순환 동안 임파구수는 의미있게 변화되지 않고 체외순환 종료후부터 3일 동안 유의한 감소를 보였으나(p<0.05) 술후 7일엔 완전히 기준치로 회복되었다. 4. 단구수는 양 군 모두 체외순환 초기엔 큰 변화가 없다가 이후 점차 상승하여 술후 7일까지 유의한 증가가 지속되었다(P<0.05) .5. 술후 동맥혈 paO$_2$는 placebo 군은 술전치에 비해 감소되었으나(P=0.01) steroid 군은 유의한 감소가 없었다(P=0.90). 폐부종 발생환자는 placebo 군에 비해 steroid 군이 보다 의미있게 낮았고(P=0.001)술후 발열환자 역시 steroid 군이 placebo 군 보다 훨씬 낮았다(P=0.01). 그러나 기계호흡 보조시간과중환자실에서 머문 시간은 양 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05).이상의 연구결과를 통해 저자는 체외순환을 이용한 심장수술 동안 백혈구의 활성화로 인한 숫적변화와 폐내 정체를 관찰하였고 스테로이드의 사용이 보다 높은 호중구 수의 보존효과를 가져다 주었으며 백혈구의 폐내 정체를 예방해주고 술후의 일부 관류후 증후군을 경감시켜줌을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 술후 시기에 있어 양 군 모두 임파구의 숫적 감소가 3일간 지속됨으로 해서 임파구와 연관된 면역계의 손상이 여전히 우려되는바 이므로 향후 이 부분에 대한 예방적 수단과 스테로이드의 술후 면역학적 기능에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 역시 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2485-2490
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• 2016

The liver is one of the most common sites of cancer in the world, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) predominating. HCC is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer related death overall. Hepatitis C is a major risk factor and HCV is a rapid spreading virus which has become a problem globally, including in Pakistan. Interferon alpha therapy is used against HCV disease to regulate cell reproduction and to boost the immune system. In minute amounts interferon alpha is produced naturally by the immune system in HCV patients in response to hepatitis C virus and binds to receptors in the target cells and starts transcription of 20-30 genes due to which it develops an antiviral influence. Interferon is also administered artificially to overcome HCV disease and remove the biological effect of the virus from the infected site. The use of interferon or Peg-IFN plus Ribavirin treatment is also associated with adverse effects on body. For the current study, a convenient sample of 156 HCV positive patients of both males and females were taken. To collect blood CP and ALT, a reduction of level data and other important information were collected from the patients at regular intervals. Findings were 11.4 % in the red blood cells (RBC), 9.64 % in the total leukocyte count (WBC), 8.4 % in the hemoglobin levels (HB), 30.3 % in the platelet (Plt) count in both sexes. There was significant reduction in ALT levels due to Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy. Hence strict haemotological monitoring of blood CP and ALT levels is necessary at regular intervals to reduce severe side effects which may lead to morbidity and mortality.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.333-366
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• 1992

Safety of recombinant porcine somatotropin administration on pig was studied using 32 Landrace x Yorkshire crossbred pigs. The starting body weight ranged from 55.5kg to 65.3kg. Eight pigs were allotted to each low dose group of sustained releasing rPST(SL), high dose group of sustained releasing rPST(SH), daily injection group of rPST(DI), and control group(C). Pigs in SL group and SH group were injected subcutaneously twice in 3 week-interval with 1000$\mu\textrm{g}$ and 2000$\mu\textrm{g}$ of sustained releasing rPST per kg body weight, respectively. Pigs in DI group were injected intramuscularly with 100$\mu\textrm{g}$ of rPST everyday for 6 weeks. Blood was collected from anterior vena cava just before the first treatment, and at four weeks and six weeks of experiment. Hematological parameters and blood chemical parameters indicating liver function, kidney function, electrolyte metabolism, mineral metabolism and lipid metabolism were determined. Necropsy and urinalysis were performed after final blood collection. The results were summarized as follows, and it is concluded that rPST administration does not affect pig health negatively. 1. rPST administration did not affect kidney function as manisfested by BUN, creatinine and urinalysis. 2. rPST administration did not affect liver function as manisfested by total protein, albumin, serum AST activity serum ALT activity serum ALP activity, serum LDH activity, serum GGT activity and serum SDH activity. 3. rPST administration did not affect skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and brain as manifasted by serum AST activity and serum LDH activity. 4. rPST administration increased blood glucose level within normal range. 5. rPST administration did not affect lipid metabolism as manisfested by triglyceride, cholesterol, and phospholipid concentrati on. 6. rPst administration dia not affect mineral metabolism as manisfested by calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and iron concentration. 7. rPST administration did not affect electrolyte metabolism as manisfested by Na, K, chloride concentration. 8. rPST administration did not affect erythrocyte count, leukocyte count, thrombocyte count, and plasma fibrinogen level.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.587-595
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• 2022

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with Bifidobacterium animalis, Agave fructans, and symbiotic of both encapsulated on growth performance, feed efficiency, blood parameters, and immune status in broiler chickens, and to compare these with diets including antibiotic growth promoters and without additives. Methods: A comparative experimental study was carried out with 135 male Ross 308 broiler chickens. Each trial was divided into 5 equal groups. Control group (CON) received a standard diet without growth promoter; GPA, a standard diet with colistin sulfate and zinc bacitracin (0.25 g/kg of feed); PRE, a standard diet with 1% Agave fructans; PRO, a standard diet with Bifidobacterium animalis (11.14±0.70 log CFU/g); SYM, a standard diet with B. animalis and Agave fructans. Results: A significant decrease in food consumption was found for the GPA, PRE, and SYM, compared to the CON group. The results show a better feed conversion index in PRE and GPA with respect to the CON group with the highest conversion index. Interestingly, the weight of the gastrointestinal tract shows a statistically significant difference between GPA and PRE groups. Moreover, the length of the gastrointestinal tract of the GPA group was less than the PRE group. In the total leukocyte count, there was a statistically significant increase in the GPA group compared to the CON, PRE, and PRO groups, and the heterophiles-lymphocytes index was lower in PRO. Regarding the cytokines, interleukin 10 (IL-10) decreased in PRO compared to CON and PRE, while IL-1β increased in the SYM group. Conclusion: Alternative treatments were shown to achieve similar productive results as growth-promoting antibiotics and showed improvement over diet without additives; however, they have immunomodulatory properties and improved the development of the gastrointestinal tract compared to the treatment of growth-promoting antibiotics.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2013

TCDD 독성이 유발된 흰쥐 혈액의 생화학적 지표에 미치는 상엽 물추출물 (MLE)의 효과를 조사하였고 통계자료는 일원분산분석과 Scheffe의 사후검증을 하였다. TCDD 투여 시 감소했던 백혈구와 혈소판의 수가 MLE투여로 급격하게 회복(p<0.01)되어 면역기능 개선효과가 있었다. TT에 의해 감소했던 혈중 칼슘 및 마그네슘의 농도는 MLE 투여 시 유의하게 증가(p<0.01)하였으나 인의 농도는 TT군에 비하여 MLE군이 유의하게 감소(p<0.01)하였다. 신장 기능과 관련된 creatinine 및 blood urea nitrogen은 TT군과 MLE군 사이에 유의성은 없었으며, 요산은 TT군과 MLE군 모두에서 감소하였다. 한편 TT에 의해 증가했던 glucose 농도, amylase 및 lipase의 효소 활성도는 MLE 투여시 유의하게 감소(p<0.01)하여 혈당상승 억제효과가 있었다. Total protein, ${\gamma}$-GTP 활성은 TT와 MLE의 영향을 거의 받지 않았으나 TT에 의해 증가했던 AST, ALT 및 ALP의 활성도는 MLE 투여 시 모두 유의하게 감소(p<0.01)하여 간기능 개선의 효과가 있었다. 한편 Total cholesterol, triglyceride와 LDL-cholesterol의 경우 TT에 의해 유발된 고지혈 증상이 MLE 투여 시 유의하게 감소(p<0.01)하여 항고지혈 효과가 있었으며 HDL-cholesterol은 TT군과 MLE군 모두에서 증가하였다. 이와 같이 MLE는 TCDD독성이 유발된 흰쥐에서 독성을 완화시켜 주는 작용이 있음을 알 수 있었다.