• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2009

Purpose: There is uncertainty if the vergence facility would provide clinically significant supplementary information to the fusional vergence measurements. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between vergence facility and fusional vergence in a group of symptomatic subjects. Methods: A total of 114 symptomatic subjects aged 9 to 13 years, who passed the vision screening test, participated in this study. Vergence facility was measured with 8$\Delta$ BI/8$\Delta$ BO flipper lenses and a suppression control target, the 20/30 letter line on Vectogram 9 (Bernell, USA). Near fusional vergence was measured with a single 20/30 vertical line target by Von Graefe technique. In order to avoid excessive convergence stimulation, negative fusional vergence (NFV) range (blur, break and recovery) was measured followed by positive fusional vergence (PFV) ranges (blur, break and recovery). Results: Pearson correlations were calculated and showed no correlations between vergence facility and any of fusional vergence measurements (p>0.05). Also, there were no significant differences of vergence facility measurements on the compensating vergence that passed or failed Sheard and Morgan's criterion for comfortable vision (p>0.05). Conclusions: There was no correlation between vergence facility and fusional vergence among symptomatic subjects. Hence, both vergence facility and fusional vergence should be assessed for those with binocular dysfunction in order to make an accurate diagnosis and management plan.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

Purpose: To find optimized luminosity factor of color from light transmission filter. Methods: To make $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$, $Y_{1-x}P_{x}$ by using CR-39 compound within dipping method, mixing up Y(Yellow), G(green) and P(pink) for optimize eye sensitivity. Modeling for relative luminous efficiency(relative sensitivity) curves in Luminose transmission, it could be resolved by Multiplying sensitivity of eye within transmission rate of Lens ($P_f({\lambda}=T({\lambda}){\cdot}P({\lambda}).)$.). To evaluate Wavelength between 400~700 nm, relative luminous efficiency curve in Area and Height value is being used. Results: In color filter of $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$ position of x equals to 0.04, 0.1, 0.08, 0.12, 0.14, 0.5 at ${\beta}=S_1/S_0{\cdot}100$ each consist value of 76.1, 77.9, 80.7, 81.6, 80.2, 18.6 In color filter of $Y_{1-x}P_{x}$ position of x equals to 1.00, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8 at ${\beta}=S_1/S_0{\cdot}100$ each consist value of 74.3, 74.0, 70.5, 33.0 The result from experiment $Y_{1-x}P_{x}$ value less than $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$, from evaluating luminous efficiency curve and test was successfully optimized. Conclusions: Optimized relative luminous efficiency curve result have value of X=0.12-0.14 at $Y_{1-x}G_{x}$.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.171-176
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• 1994

Wistar rats were induced of Pneumowstis cayinii infection by injection with methyl-prednisolone to correlate the cyst counts and numbers of nuclei. Seven sections of the lungs were examined by impression smears and also whole lung homogenates were screened for nucleus counting for each rat. At the first week of the experiment, all of the Impression smears except one were cyst negative but trophic forms were counted around 106. At the third week, the cysts appeared one per 20 Immersion oil lens fields. The nuclei were on the order of 107 at this period, and this amount of Pc is regarded as the limit of cyst detection on Impression smears. When the nuclei were over 109 in the lungs, the cysts were counted about 50 in 20 microscopic fields. The organisms were distributed in the lungs without any predilection focus. The present data suggest that the trophic forms, proliferate first and the cysts appear later in the lungs.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-227
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• 2015

The supply-driven innovation system is encountering its limitation. At the same time, the needs for solving societal challenges occurring in people's lives are growing. Social problem-solving R&D programs have been attracting attention as a countermeasure to satisfy these needs. It is important to understand the social context of the occurring problems as well as the users facing the social challenges. Therefore, social problem-solving R&D programs have to explore the social challenge and users' needs, with emphasis on the collaboration with researchers and users in the development and implementation process. This study carries out comparative analysis between 'Korean Citizen-driven R&D project' and 'Japanese Research institute of Science and Technology for Society (RISTEX)' concerning goals, construction of program, and promotion processes. The two cases are similar regarding the objectives of social problem-solving and the strategy for user participation. However, there are differences between the characteristics of the projects and promotion processes. The RISTEX is performing social problem-solving R&D with a much wider perspectives than the Korean project. This is because the Korean project maintained the existing R&D system with the lens of the supply-driven system, even when approaching social problem-solving. Therefore, this limitation should be overcome by adopting support systems discarding the supply-driven perspective, through substantiality of user participation, maintenance of legal system, and commercialization of technologies.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.193-198
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• 2014

Lens and DVD require high quality of optical property. Conventional injection molded products contain high residual stress and this invokes birefringence since high cavity pressure and high temperature variation are involved in a molding process. Thus these products are often molded by injection compression molding in order to minimize the residual stress through reducing cavity pressure and uniform cavity pressure. In this study, molding parameters affecting molding quality such as property uniformity in injection compression molding were investigated through experiment. Molding quality deviations among the cavities in multi-cavity mold were also studied. Transparent resins, PC and PS were used in this study. Compression gap, compression speed, compression force, and compression delay time for processing variables in injection compression molding were applied in experiment. Compression force, compression delay time, and compression gap significantly affected the optical property of product. The degree of influence of process variable on the product quality was different in different resins. This implies that the optimal operational conditions in injection compression molding existed for each resin according to flow property.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1062-1070
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic factors of open globe injuries in children and adolescents, and compared the ocular trauma score (OTS) and pediatric penetrating ocular trauma score (POTS). Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 77 children under 18 years of age who visited our clinic with open globe injuries between May 1993 and April 2014. We investigated the factors that may affect final visual acuity. We also compared the OTS and POTS using receiver operating characteristic curves as a method to predict final visual acuity. Results: By univariate analysis, an initial visual acuity less than 20/200, globe rupture, wound size greater than 7.0 mm, retinal detachment, lens dislocation, and total number of operations contributed to worse visual outcomes (<20/200). Conversely, central corneal involvement, traumatic cataract, wound size less than 7.0 mm, and initial visual acuity greater than 20/200 were better prognostic indicators (${\geq}20/32$). Both OTS and POTS had diagnostic value as a predictor of final visual acuity, although there were no statistically significant differences between the two scoring systems. Conclusions: Initial visual acuity and wound size are important prognostic factors for the final visual acuity in children and adolescent, following open globe injuries. Both OTS and POTS are reliable prognostic models for open globe injuries in children and adolescents.

• Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.1173-1180
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• 2018

Purpose: We evaluated the postoperative accuracy of intraocular lens power prediction for patients undergoing phacotrabeculectomy and identified preoperative factors associated with refractive outcome in those with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 27 patients who underwent phacotrabeculectomy to treat POAG. We recorded all discrepancies between predicted and actual postoperative refractions. We compared the data to those of an age- and sex-matched control group that underwent uncomplicated cataract surgery during the same time period. Preoperative factors associated with the mean absolute error (MAE) were identified via multivariate regression analyses. Results: The mean refractive error of the 27 eyes that underwent phacotrabeculectomy was comparable to that of the 27 eyes treated via phacoemulsification (+0.02 vs. -0.01 D, p = 0.802). The phacotrabeculectomy group exhibited a significantly higher MAE (0.65 vs. 0.35 D, p = 0.035) and more postoperative astigmatism (-1.07 vs. -0.66 D, p = 0.020) than the phacoemulsification group. The preoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) and the changes in the postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) were significantly associated with a greater MAE after phacotrabeculectomy. Conclusions: POAG treatment via combined phacoemulsification/trabeculectomy was associated with greater error in terms of final refraction prediction, and more postoperative astigmatism. As both a shallow preoperative ACD and a greater postoperative change in IOP appear to increase the predictive error, these two factors should be considered when planning phacotrabeculectomy.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.593-603
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• 2010

Most spatial data acquisition systems employing a set of frame cameras may have suffered from their small fields of view and poor base-distance ratio. These limitations can be significantly reduced by employing an omni-directional camera that is capable of acquiring images in every direction. Bundle Block Adjustment (BBA) is one of the existing georeferencing methods to determine the exterior orientation parameters of two or more images. In this study, by extending the concept of the traditional BBA method, we attempt to develop a mathematical model of BBA for omni-directional images. The proposed mathematical model includes three main parts; observation equations based on the collinearity equations newly derived for omni-directional images, stochastic constraints imposed from GPS/INS data and GCPs. We also report the experimental results from the application of our proposed BBA to the real data obtained mainly in urban areas. With the different combinations of the constraints, we applied four different types of mathematical models. With the type where only GCPs are used as the constraints, the proposed BBA can provide the most accurate results, ${\pm}5cm$ of RMSE in the estimated ground point coordinates. In future, we plan to perform more sophisticated lens calibration for the omni-directional camera to improve the georeferencing accuracy of omni-directional images. These georeferenced omni-directional images can be effectively utilized for city modelling, particularly autonomous texture mapping for realistic street view.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.89-117
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• 2017

As the industrial paradigm shifts and the manufacturing industry declines, many changes also take place in the region as well. In this regard, interest in industrial heritage as a facet of cultural heritage is on the increase. In this paper, the meaning of regional 'cultural contents' as industrial heritage is investigated within the scope of specific region. It is meant to move beyond the viewpoint of considering industrial heritage as only relating to industrial machinery and relevant landmarks from the past. The concept of industrial heritage is established more clearly through the review policy and case study analysis of existing research; the analysis is conducted to investigate the characteristics associated with it, and then to explore how best to utilize it. In particular, this paper attempts to focus on how it operates within these parameters using a spatio-temporal context as much as possible, and concentrating on the recognition and experience of the subject of industrial heritage as being traceable through human story. This research is based on the case of 'Sapporo' which focuses on modern history based on historical importance, and the 'Cheongju' case study, which contrasts the former by focusing on urban regeneration using a spatial lens. This paper identifies the possibility of regional development through the examination of past identity and diversity in the present, and highlights the features that could be linked to future usability and development. In addition, it proposes the possibility that the cycle of regional development could change in the process of the different stages of territorialization, de-territorialization and re-territorialization.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.97-120
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• 2016

This study aims to identify how performing artists in Korea, who are the target beneficiaries of the Arts Council Korea's Performing Arts Fostering Program, Chang-jak-san-shil(CJSS), would perceive and assess the current state of CJSS and its effects. To do so, this paper has adopted a bottom-up approach as a theoretical lens for policy evaluative analysis. This research engages with qualitative research design by conducting a series of in-depth interviews and FGIs with 28 participants in total. The interview participants consist of CJSS grantees(n=21) and peer-review panels(n=7) based on the intension to enhance objectivity and reliability of the study. Results of the data analysis suggest that the grant program still carries pressing needs to achieve a success as follows: providing post-program support, enhancing transparency of the panel appointment process and the peer review process, reflecting different nature of each arts discipline, and having more open communications with arts professionals. Based on these findings, this paper will provide and discuss about policy implications which can contribute to the performing arts domain at large.