• Title/Summary/Keyword: length variation

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Fruit Yield and Quality Evaluation of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) F1 Hybrids Derived from Inbred Lines

  • Shrestha, Surendra Lal;Luitel, Binod Prasad;Lee, Taek Jong;Kang, Won Hee
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.344-350
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    • 2010
  • Sweet pepper inbred lines (KNU1003, KNU1006, KNU1007, KNU1009, KNU1015, KNU1017 and KNU2006) developed at Kangwon National University (KNU) through conventional means, inbred lines (5AVS1, 5AVS2, 5AVS3, 5AVS5, 5AVS7 and 5AVS8) collected at Rural Development Administration (RDA) and inbred lines (SP12, SP27 and SP14) derived from anther culture were used as female parents and anther culture derived homozygous lines (SP9, SP10, SP14, SP24, SP25, SP27, SP30, SP32, SP34, SP38, SP43, SP45 and SP51) were used as male parents to produce $F_1$ hybrids. A total of 37 $F_1$ hybrids were evaluated for fruit yield and quality characters in summer season, 2007. Variation in fruit number, fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and fruit volume was observed among the $F_1$ hybrids. Superiority on yield over standard/commercial varieties were differed among $F_1$ hybrids. Hybrid $5AVS8{\times}SP45$ exhibited highest heterosis over Special (16.5%) and Fiesta (24.7%). Fruit quality characters (fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, total soluble solid, fruit shape and fruit color) were varied among the $F_1$ hybrids. Fruit number, fruit weight and fruit volume per plant were correlated with fruit yield. Based on the standard heterosis expressed by the hybrids and quality characters evaluation, $KNU1017{\times}SP27$, $5AVS1{\times}SP43$, $5AVS5{\times}SP27$, $5AVS8{\times}SP45$, $SP12{\times}SP38$ and $SP27{\times}SP25$ hybrids were found to be superior over commercial cultivars and are selected. Inbred lines of these hybrid combinations can be used to produce $F_1$ hybrid seed for commercial production.

Optimal Design of Impeller according to Blade Shape Variation Using CFD Simulation (CFD를 이용한 블레이드 형상 변화에 따른 블로워 임펠러 최적설계)

  • Yu, Da-Mi;Kim, Semo;Jang, Hye-Lim;Han, Dae-Hyun;Kang, Lae-Hyong
    • Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2019
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the blade shape on the impeller performance, for design optimizing of the high airflow impeller. First, the quantity, angle, and length of blades, which are considered to have a large influence on the impeller performance, were selected as design variables. Then, 27 cases of impeller shapes were selected according to the design of experiment (DOE). To predict the conduct of the blower based on the selected impeller shape, flow analysis was performed using the immersed solid method of ANSYS CFX. In the CFD results, the highest airflow was expected in the impeller having a combination of 50 EA, $6^{\circ}$ and 5 mm. Finally, a blower with the original impeller shape and the optimized impeller shape was fabricated using a 3D printer, and the analysis tendency and experimental tendency were verified through experiments.

Analysis of Variations in Structural Components and Design Elements of Women's Jackets -A Focus on 2013 S/S~2017 F/W Milan Collections- (여성 재킷의 형태적 변화에 관한 분석 -2013년 S/S~2017년 F/W 밀라노 컬렉션을 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Hyo Sook;Kim, Ji Min
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.145-162
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    • 2019
  • This study reviewed photos of women's jackets shown at Milano Collections from 2013 S/S to 2017 F/W to identify the variations and trends in their structural components and design elements with respect to year and season. 576 photos, which consist of 276 S/S jackets and 300 F/W jackets by renowned Italian luxury fashion brands; Giorgio Armani, Gucci, Fendi, Max Mara and Jil Sander, were analyzed. Some of the highlighted findings are as follows; in the structural aspects, the H-line silhouette, below waist to hip line length, natural shoulder line and single button closure were the most frequently appearing components among all the jackets. For the design elements, the largest number of jackets was made of woven fabric in single color, while fur was mostly used in F/W seasons for its warmth, heaviness and bulky appearance. From the results, it was established that variations were made to the jacket components and design elements to the extent that they convey predominant jacket styles with a certain level of practicality and performance. However, the study also found that some of the jackets demonstrated design diversity and innovation by adopting daring styles, bold materials and colors. As the findings of this study identified the variations and trends in women's jacket components in recent years, they can be applied towards developing high end women's jackets to meet the demands and distinctive needs of luxury clothing buyers and distributors.

Design and Performance Prediction of μN Level MEMS Thrust Measurement System of Piezoresistance Method (압저항 방식의 μN급 MEMS 추력 측정 시스템 설계 및 성능 예측)

  • Ryu, Youngsuk;Lee, Jongkwang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.111-117
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    • 2018
  • In this study, an MEMS thrust measurement system was designed and a study on the performance prediction of system was performed to evaluate the performance of micro thruster. Thrust measurement system consists of beam, membrane, and piezoresistive sensor. An FEM analysis was carried out to verify the stability of the system, confirm the stress variation at the beam, and position the piezoresistive sensor. The stability of the designed system was verified by comparing the yield strength of the material with the maximum stress. The piezoresistive sensor was designed to be 20% of the length of the beam to obtain a high gauge factor. The size of the membrane and the beam of the reference model were designed to be $15mm{\times}15mm$, and $500{\mu}m{\times}500{\mu}m$, respectively.

Torso shape analysis of new senior women for the aged society (고령사회를 대비한 뉴 시니어 여성의 체간부 체형 분석)

  • Uh, Mi-Kyung;Kim, A-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.95-108
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    • 2019
  • This study aims to determine the characteristics of new senior women's torso shapes. The data was collected from the 7th Size Korea, which analyzed 412 women between the ages of 55-69. A factor analysis was performed based on 20 indices, including eight based on circumference, eight based on height and length measurements, and four based on torso flattening. The results of the factor analysis suggest five main factors: torso silhouette, longitudinal size of the body, torso flattening rate, abdominal shape, and posterior longitudinal size. The results of the cluster analysis suggest three overall types: Type 1 is the inverted triangular obese shape which is characterized by large breasts, small buttocks, a short height, and a forward-bending posture; Type 2 is the rectangular, slim shape which is characterized by a forward neck and a flat front and back of the torso, and is the most slender among the three types; Type 3 is the large rectangular, overall obese shape, which is characterized by a round shape with large breasts, waist, and buttocks, and a forward-bending posture with a protruding back, and this is the most obese type. According to the results of the cross-tabulation, women aged 55-59 showed no trend in body shape; women aged 60-64 showed an increases in the inverted triangular obese shape and the large rectangular, overall obese shape; women aged 65-69 showed an increase in the large rectangular, overall obese shape and a decrease in the rectangular slim shape. In summary, new senior women showed body shape characteristics of being short, more obese having, a bent over posture. As they grew older, the curves disappeared, and the body becomes rounder. The study found that variation in body shape exists among new senior women in the aged society.

Genome sequence of Bifidobacterium dentium strain ATCC 15424 originally isolated from pleural fluid of an empyema patient (농흉 환자의 흉막액에서 분리된 Bifidobacterium dentium strain ATCC 15424의 유전체 염기서열 해독)

  • Moon, Ji-Hoi;Kim, Suegene;Yang, Seok Bin;Jang, Eun-Young;Shin, Seung-Yun;Lee, Jin-Yong;Lee, Jae-Hyung
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.280-282
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    • 2019
  • We present here a draft genome sequence of Bifidobacterium dentium strain ATCC 15424, originally isolated from pleural fluid of an empyema patient. The genome is 2,625,535 bp in length and has a GC content of 58.5%. The genome includes 2,154 protein-coding genes, 4 rRNAs, and 55 tRNAs. Unlike other B. dentium strains isolated from human dental caries, ATCC 15424 carries 247 strain-specific genes, including prophage remnants and type III/IV secretion system proteins, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, and PRTRC system protein E. The sequence information will contribute to understanding of the natural variation of B. dentium as well as the genome diversity within the bacterial species.

Profiling of T Cell Receptor β-Chain Complimentary Determining Regions 3 Repertoire in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients Using High-Throughput Sequencing

  • Kim, Bong Jun;Ahn, Jun Hyong;Youn, Dong Hyuk;Jeon, Jin Pyeong
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.64 no.4
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    • pp.505-513
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    • 2021
  • Objective : The adaptive immune response following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is not well understood. We evaluated and compared the T cell receptor (TCR) immune repertoire of good-grade and poor-grade SAH patients to elucidate the T cell immunology after ictus. Methods : Peripheral blood from six SAH patients was collected at two different times, admission and at the 7-day follow-up. Composition and variation of the TCR β-chain (TCRB) complimentary determining regions (CDR) 3 repertoire was examined using high-throughput sequencing; the analysis was based on sampling time and disease severity (good vs. poor-grade SAH). Results : Clonality at admission and follow-up were 0.059 (0.037-0.038) and 0.027 (0.014-0.082) (median, 25th-75th percentile). Poor-grade SAH (0.025 [0.011-0.038]) was associated with significantly lower clonality than good-grade SAH (0.095 [0.079-0.101]). Poor-grade SAH patients had higher diversity scores than good-grade SAH patients. CDR length was shorter in good-grade SAH vs. poor-grade SAH. Differences in clonotype distribution were more prominent in TCRBV gene segments than TCRBJ segments. TCRBV19-01/TCRBJ02-04 and TCRBV28-01/TCRBJ02-04 were the most increased and the most decreased V-J pairs in the 7-day follow-up compared to admission in good-grade SAH. The most increased and decreased V-J pairs in poor-grade SAH patients were TCRBV28-01/TCRBJ02-06 and TCRBV30-01/TCRBJ02-04, respectively. Conclusion : The TCRB repertoire is dynamic in nature following SAH. TCRB repertoire may facilitate our understanding of adaptive immune response according to SAH severity.

A Study on the Scale Effect and Improvement of Resistance Performance Based on Running Attitude Control of Small High-Speed Vessel (소형 고속선박의 항주자세 제어에 따른 저항성능 개선 및 축척 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jonghyeon;Park, Dong-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.538-549
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    • 2021
  • In this study, a trim tab on the stern hull of a small high-speed vessel of approximately 10 m length sailing at a Froude number of 1.0 was designed for energy efficiency. The running attitude and resistance performance of the bare hull and trim tab hull at several angles to the base line were analyzed for model and full scale ships using computational fluid dynamics, and compared to investigate the scale effect. The analysis results for the bare hull were quite similar, but a difference in the attitude control under same conditions of the trim tab was observed, resulting in the total resistance error. However, there was no significant difference in tendency of the variation in the resistance with the attitude. Thus, the optimum running attitude could be determined from the tendency despite the scale effect, but a full scale analysis is required to analyze the control of the attitude by the trim tab and flow characteristics near the full scale ship.

Adverse Effects of Ligation of an Aberrant Left Hepatic Artery Arising from the Left Gastric Artery during Radical Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: a Propensity Score Matching Analysis

  • Lee, Sejin;Son, Taeil;Song, Jeong Ho;Choi, Seohee;Cho, Minah;Kim, Yoo Min;Kim, Hyoung-Il;Hyung, Woo Jin
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.74-83
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: No consensus exists on whether to preserve or ligate an aberrant left hepatic artery (ALHA), which is the most commonly encountered hepatic arterial variation during gastric surgery. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of ALHA ligation by analyzing the perioperative outcomes. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 5,310 patients who underwent subtotal/total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Patients in whom the ALHA was ligated (n=486) were categorized into 2 groups according to peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels: moderate-to-severe (MS) elevation (≥5 times the upper limit of normal [ULN]; MS group, n=42) and no-to-mild (NM) elevation (<5 times the ULN; NM group, n=444). The groups were matched 1:3 using propensity score-matching analysis to minimize confounding factors that can affect the perioperative outcomes. Results: The mean operation time (P=0.646) and blood loss amount (P=0.937) were similar between the 2 groups. The length of hospital stay was longer in the MS group (13.0 vs. 7.8 days, P=0.022). No postoperative mortality occurred. The incidence of grade ≥ IIIa postoperative complications (19.0% vs. 5.1%, P=0.001), especially pulmonary complications (11.9% vs. 2.5%, P=0.003), was significantly higher in the MS group. This group also showed a higher Comprehensive Complication Index (29.0 vs. 13.9, P<0.001). Conclusions: Among patients with a ligated ALHA, those with peak AST/ALT ≥5 times the ULN showed worse perioperative outcomes in terms of hospital stay and severity of complications. More precise perioperative decision-making tools are needed to better determine whether to preserve or ligate an ALHA.

Vibration analysis of damaged core laminated curved panels with functionally graded sheets and finite length

  • Zhao, Li-Cai;Chen, Shi-Shuenn;Xu, Yi-Peng;Tahouneh, Vahid
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.477-496
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    • 2021
  • The main objective of this paper is to study vibration of sandwich open cylindrical panel with damaged core and FG face sheets based on three-dimensional theory of elasticity. The structures are made of a damaged isotropic core and two external face sheets. These skins are strengthened at the nanoscale level by randomly oriented Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and are reinforced at the microscale stage by oriented straight fibers. These reinforcing phases are included in a polymer matrix and a three-phase approach based on the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka scheme and on the Halpin-Tsai approach, which is developed to compute the overall mechanical properties of the composite material. Three complicated equations of motion for the panel under consideration are semi-analytically solved by using 2-D differential quadrature method. Several parametric analyses are carried out to investigate the mechanical behavior of these multi-layered structures depending on the damage features, through-the-thickness distribution and boundary conditions. It is seen that for the large amount of power-law index "P", increasing this parameter does not have significant effect on the non-dimensional natural frequency parameters of the FG sandwich curved panel. Results indicate that by increasing the value of isotropic damage parameter "D" up to the unity (fully damaged core) the frequency would tend to become zero. One can dictate the fiber variation profile through the radial direction of the sandwich panel via the amount of "P", "b" and "c" parameters. It should be noticed that with increase of volume fraction of fibers, the frequency parameter of the panels does not increase necessarily, so by considering suitable amounts of power-law index "P" and the parameters "b" and "c", one can get dynamic characteristics similar or better than the isotropic limit case for laminated FG curved panels.