• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.577-582
• /
• 2004

This paper describes position estimation algorithm using neural network for the navigation of the vision-based Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR) in a corridor with taking ceiling lamps as landmark. From images of a corridor the lamp's line on the ceiling in corridor has a specific slope to the lateral position of the WMR. The vanishing point produced by the lamp's line also has a specific position to the orientation of WMR. The ceiling lamps has a limited size and shape like a circle in image. Simple image processing algorithms are used to extract lamps from the corridor image. Then the lamp's line and vanishing point's position are defined and calculated at known position of WMR in a corridor To estimate the lateral position and orientation of WMR from an image, the relationship between the position of WMR and the features of ceiling lamps have to be defined. Data set between position of WMR and features of lamps are configured. Neural network are composed and teamed with data set. Back propagation algorithm(BPN) is used for learning. And it is applied in navigation of WMR in a corridor.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.48-55
• /
• 2009

Prior research works in indoor-outdoor classification have been conducted based on a simple combination of low-level features. However, since there are many challenging problems due to the extreme variability of the scene contents, most methods proposed recently tend to combine the low-level features with high-level information such as the presence of trees and sky. To extract these regions from videos, we need to conduct additional tasks, which may yield the increasing number of feature dimensions or computational burden. Therefore, an efficient indoor-outdoor scene classification method is proposed in this paper. First, the video is divided into the five same-sized blocks. Then we define and use the edge and color orientation histogram (ECOH) descriptors to represent each sub-block efficiently. Finally, all ECOH values are simply concatenated to generated the feature vector. To justify the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method, a diverse database of over 1200 videos is evaluated. Moreover, we improve the classification performance by using different weight values determined through the learning process.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.867-883
• /
• 2010

Recognizing the importance of motivation, goal orientation, and attitudes toward schools is an important component for educators to consider as they establish positive learning communities for gifted learners. The purpose of this study was to describe attitudes toward school and self relationship to schoolwork for students who are enrolled in the 5th, 6th, and 7th grade, identified as gifted, accelerated in at least one subject (mathematics), and living in Korea or the United States. Comparisons were conducted for country of origin and gender for all subscales on the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (McCoach & Siegle, 2004). Of the 507 participants (278 Korean and 229 American), girls scored higher on the motivation/self-regulation scale than boys and American students scored higher than Korean students on attitudes toward school, academic self perceptions, goal orientation, and motivation. There were no differences by country or gender on attitudes toward teachers.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.199-220
• /
• 2018

This is a traditional education content that has been consistently handled in elementary school mathematics textbooks since the first curriculum in Korea. It has been mainly used to find out the properties of the solid figure or to save the surface area. However, as the importance of spatial ability is increasingly emphasized, the nets of solids can be a very suitable learning material for dealing with the spatial ability. Therefore, in this study, we examined how the nets of solids were taught in elementary school mathematics curriculum and textbooks in Korea, and based on the analysis, we analyzed the contents of the nets of solids covered in textbooks of Japan, Singapore, Finland and Hong Kong. Through this study, we suggested the enhancement of activities to find the right nets, the presentation of solid figure from various angles, and the nets of solids with patterns for improvement of spatial visualization and spatial orientation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.5
• /
• pp.635-647
• /
• 2023

In the pursuit of sustained innovation within industries, the consistent emergence of high-growth potential startups is imperative. Despite the government's implementation of diverse investment-based policies aimed at fostering startup initiation, the inherent probability of post-establishment failure for startups remains substantial. This study examines the impact of internal factors on organizational commitment and corporate performance in startups. It emphasizes the significance of learning and networking orientation for commitment across various organizational aspects. Innovativeness affects emotional and normative commitment but not continuance commitment. Financial attributes and global orientation influence continuance commitment, while affective and continuance commitment significantly impact startup performance. Normative cohesion, however, does not significantly affect performance. These findings offer insights for optimizing human resource utilization in startups, benefiting both companies and governments in the evolving startup landscape.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.61-78
• /
• 2019

This study is about the effect of the founder's self-efficacy on the sales of the founding company by focusing on the factors that are currently emphasized in the founding education. In particular, this paper starts from the consciousness of the problem that the education that is being implemented to achieve the purpose of successful start-up among various government-based start-up support projects is failing to produce many start-up failures. Entrepreneurs cannot be assessed by objective financial data, but there is a high degree of uncertainty that should be determined based on their personal and learning abilities. In addition, many previous studies, which are likely to be successful when there is a high self-efficacy in a specific field due to the influence of factors such as personal experience or learning, will answer the direction of support for start-up companies. This study focuses on the impact of the founder's self-efficacy on the sales of the founding firms, especially the sales that are the key to the survival of the founding firms. This study has six major studies. First, to analyze whether the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs with respect to entrepreneurship affects the sales of entrepreneurs. Second, to analyze whether the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs with respect to market orientation affects the sales of entrepreneurs. Analysis of whether the founder's self-efficacy affects the sales of the founding firms. Fourth, analysis of whether the founder's self-efficiency affects the sales of the founding firms' understanding of management environment changes. An analysis of whether efficacy affects the sales of a start-up company, and sixth, an analysis of whether the founder's self-efficacy of business model building ability affects the sales of a start-up company. As a result of the empirical analysis, this study found that the self-efficacy of entrepreneurs on product differentiation capability and business model building capacity had a positive influence on the sales of entrepreneurs. The self-efficacy had a positive effect on self-efficacy, and the customer orientation had a positive effect on self-efficacy on business model building capacity. Also, it was confirmed that a path exists between the components of self-efficacy and that self-efficacy through the path has a positive effect on the sales of the start-up company. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the implications of establishing such a path and strengthening self-efficacy to create the survival and start-up performance of a start-up company if the goal of the start-up company is to survive when implementing various support projects for the start-up company.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.56 no.2
• /
• pp.274-289
• /
• 2012

The purposes of this study were to analyze instructional strategies of science teachers, science teachers' orientations toward science teaching by the reason which instructional strategies was used in middle school science classes, and the relations among PCK elements for suggesting a direction of improvement of PKC models. For this purpose, we selected three of middle school teachers as participants who had various teaching experience periods. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were gathered for data. From the data collected, we analyzed the type of instructional strategies of science teachers. On the base of these, we identified characteristics of the teachers' orientations toward teaching science. From the reason that instructional strategies was used, we could ascertain that knowledge of science curriculum and knowledge of students' learning which was component of PCK crucially affected instructional strategies of science teachers. Therefore we assured that analysis of practical instructional strategies of science teachers that showed through science instruction was the most effective method that could find out science teacher's orientation of teaching science internalized, and that knowledge of science curriculum and knowledge of students' learning was the basic component of PCK that formed instructional strategies of science teachers. On the basis of the result, a necessity for improvement of PCK models was presented.

• 대한공업교육학회지
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2007

The purposes of this study were to measure the school-related adjustment level of technical high school students, and to determine the relationship between school-related adjustment and its related variables. The study was carried out through questionnaire survey method. The population sample for the study constituted 553 completed questionnaires from purposive sample of 600 first grade technical high school students. A survey questionnaire was developed by researcher, which consisted of 28 scales. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis. Major findings of this study were as follows: First, school-related adjustment level of technical high school students was average. In sub-variables of school-related adjustment, 'compliance with the rule' was the highest, and 'relation to teacher' was the lowest. Second, five related variables were found to be a significant relationship with school-related adjustment level of technical high school students. They were 'orientation for freshman', 'student's department hope', 'teacher activity for student learning improvement', 'teacher support for student school life', 'parent's interest about school life'. Third, after multiple regression analysis, the proportion of the variance in school-related adjustment of technical high school students was about 42.2%. School-related adjustment of technical high school students was most explained by 'teacher activity for student learning improvement'.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.135-156
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This study investigates whether the internationalization process of traditional industry firms can be categorized as born global, early internationalization, or gradual internationalization, and examines what factors promote internationalization in traditional industries using a case study of two firms, one each in China and Korea. Design/methodology - This study elects to use case study methodology to determine the "how" and "why" of internationalization process of traditional industry firms. Taking into consideration that factors that impact the internationalization process of firms are diverse and unclear in terms of causality, this study utilizes exploratory case study methodology. This research performs a comparative two-case study of two firms in traditional industries, one each in China and Korea, to examine similarities and differences of study subjects in order to improve the validity and suitability of research results. Findings - The findings of this research are as follows: First, traditional industries are more likely go through early and rapid internationalization rather than being born global; born globals are far more likely to appear in high tech industries. Second, the internationalization process of companies that go through early and rapid internationalization differs from what is indicated by traditional internationalization theories, and are not limited by factors like psychological distance and lack of experiential knowledge. Third, international entrepreneurship, international market orientation, and imitation and learning are important internal driving factors for early and rapid internationalization. Fourth, conditions within the domestic market, policy support from the government, and pilot effect from industry leaders are external driving factors for early and rapid internationalization. Originality/value - This study shows that the internationalization process of traditional industry firms is more likely to be early and rapid internationalization rather than being born global and suggests answers to why this may be the case. In addition, through an examination of case studies, it reveals that the internationalization process of traditional industry firms that undergo early and rapid internationalization is different from traditional internationalization theory, in that they are not limited by the lack of psychological proximity and empirical knowledge, and are driven by international entrepreneurship, international market orientation, imitation and learning, competitive pressure within the domestic market, government's policy support, and the pilot effect of industry leaders. Therefore, this study contributes to literature by expanding the scope of application of born global theory to traditional industries, making born global theory more generalizable and identifying driving factors to internationalization of traditional industry firms.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.260-274
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to propose curriculum and teaching sequence for seasonal change by exploring a learning progression. For the purpose, 4 steps of construct modeling approach (specifying construct, item design, outcome space, and measurement model) proposed by Wilson (2005) was applied. In the stage of specifying construct, 'length of shadow according to seasons', 'position of constellation according to seasons', 'seasons of the southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere', 'cause and phenomenon of seasonal change' were selected as the subconstructs of seasonal changes, and constructed a construct map showing the level of development from level 1 to level 4 for each subconstruct based on the results of the previous research. In the item design stage, we developed five assessment items consisting of 3 items in the form of C-E (choose and explain) and two items in the form of CR (constructed response), applied it to 383 elementary, middle and high school students. In the outcome space stage, the students' responses to the assessment items were categorized based on the construct map. The categories were classified into 4 levels according to student ability and scores of 1-4 were given. In the measurement model stage, we applied the partial credit model of the Rasch model and compared whether the learning pathway created from the results of students' response coincides with the construct map. Based on the results of the research, we modified the construct map and finally created hypothetical learning progression on seasonal change. Finally, we proposed an orientation of curriculum amendment and effective teaching sequence for seasonal change.