• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Climate in the year of 2001 could be summarized as severe drought from March to May, unusually high temperature in whole plant growth periods and clear weather condition especially in harvesting time of September and October without any typoons. In rice, major diseases such as leaf and panicle blast, bacterial blight, sheath blight and bacterial grain rot developed little due to unfavorable weather conditions, however, brown spot occurred severely due partly to the reduced use of N-fertilizer, Rice stripe virus infection was unusually high mainly in the west coast areas with four times more diseaseD area campared to the previous year, In pepper phytophthora blight was extremely severe in Cheonnam and Cheonbuk provinces, where had frequent rainfalls during growing period. Incidence of major diseases of tomato and cucumber in 2001 was relatively mild. In watermelon, penicillium fruit rot, one of the peculiar disease, spread over major production areas, whereas CGMMV, usually severe in every years was much reduced. Watermelon plants growing in open-fields were more severely diseased than those in plastic houses. Major diseases of chinese melon and strawberry occurred slightly and in particular, sudden wilt syndrome of chinese melon which was severe in 2000 showed mild infections in 2001. Incidence of white rot of garlic and onion was much lower unlike other years due mainly to spring drought and high temperature in the growing period. Infected area of potato bacterial wilt tended to increase in 2001 while fusarium wilt of sweetpotato was decreased. Apple diseases were generally mild, but powdery mildew of pear increased sharply. Barley scab was not severe as seen in other years.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.522-528
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• 2018

Saemimyeon, a Tongil type, medium-late maturing rice variety, is especially used for preparing rice noodles. Its high amylose content was developed to fit market demands and to be affordable for rice processing industries. One of the high yielding lines, Milyang181 (Hanareum), was used in the final three-way cross of $IR50^*2$/YR18241-B-B-115-1-1 for yield improvement and cultivation stabilization, including disease resistance. YR24235-10-1-3, a high yielding and compact plant type, was selected and named Milyang278 after yield test at NICS (RDA, Miryang) in 2010. It was subjected to regional yield test at six sites in the middle and southern plain areas of South Korea. Saemimyeon heading occurs on August 12 and is a mid-late maturing cultivar, with resistance to leaf blast, rice stripe virus, and bacterial blight (K1-K3a), but it is susceptible to major diseases and insect pest infestation. Saemimyeon showed a high amylose content of 26.7%, with a relatively low KOH digestion value of 3.5, which are key factors in rice noodles and pasta processing. In the local adaptability tests, the yield of Saemimyeon was 7.08 MT/ha-an increase of approximately 106% compared to that of Dasan. Thus, Saemimyeon is suitable for cultivation in the southern and middle plain areas of South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.529-533
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• 2018

Hyowon6, a mid-late maturing, good eating quality rice variety with multi-resistance, was developed by the rice breeding team of Pusan National University in 2013. This variety was derived from a cross between Hwayeong (as a multi-resistant parent) and Koshihikari (as a good eating quality parent). Selection by the pedigree breeding method was carried out until the $F_8$ generation. A promising line, JS14-12-36-8-5-3-1-1-1, was developed and designated as HY103 in 2013. This variety headed on August 22, which was 11 days later than that of Hwayeong. The culm length and panicle length of Hyowon6 was 85.7 cm and 21.1 cm, respectively. The number of panicles per hill was 14.5 and the number of grains per panicle was 101.7. The ratio of ripened grain was approximately 92% and the 1,000-grain weight was approximately 21.36 g for brown rice, which were similar to those of Hwayeong. Hyowon6 was moderately resistant to lodging and also to neck blast, leaf blight, and stripe virus. The glossiness value of Hyowon6 was 83, which was considerably higher than that of Hwayeong.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2005

The major symptom such as yellowish and mosaic spots in overwintering barley were mostly caused by viruses such as Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and Barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) in the nation-wide for four years. The result showed that more than $78\%$ collected samples were infected by the viruses. The incidence of Ba YMV was more than $70\%$, and relatively uniformly distributed in the southern regions of barley fields in Korea. However the incidence of BaYMV in Gyeonggi Province was as low as $19\%$ compared to $65\~85\%$ in the rest of regions. Occurrence of BaMMV varied depending on investigated regions such as $20\~40\%$ in Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, Gangwon and Gyeongnam, and a lower infection in Gyeongbuk, Chungnam and Gyeonggi Provinces. In this result, $60\%$ of BaMMV was found to be in the southwest regions of Korea such as Jeonbuk and Jeonnam Provinces. Over all, both BaYMV and BaMMV were thought to be dominantly casual agents in overwintering barley by either solely or mixed infections. Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus(SBWMV) occurred at most $14\%$ in Gyeonggi and Barley yellow dwarf virus-MAY (BYDV­MAV) was found only one place in Jeonbuk, suggesting that SBWMV and BYDV-MAV were not significant diseases in Korea. Exotic genetic resources that possess different resistant genes to BaYMV and BaMMV were tested to identify the responses to the viruses occurred in Iksan. According to the ELISA results, BaYMV and BaMMV were infected in some plant materials but SBWMV was not identified. Any resistant gene was not effective to BaYMV-Ik (Insan strain) and BaMMY. Ishukushirazu (rym 3) and Chosen (rym 3), Tokushima Mochi Hadaka (rym 4y) and Hakei 1-41 (rym 5a) showed resistant response with little symptoms to BaYMY. The other five accessions possessing rym 1+5, rym 2, rym 4m, rym 5 and rym 9, respectively, were resistant to BaMMV. Various symptoms were observed in the tested plant materials such as not only yellowish and mosaic symptoms mostly but also necrotic spot, tissue necrosis, leaf stripe and leaf curling. However, it was difficult to find any relationship between resistant genes and specific symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.649-653
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• 2009

"Cheongan" is a new japonica rice variety developed from a cross between SR15225-B-22-1-2-1 and Iksan431 in summer season, 1997 by National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. The line SR15225-B-22-1-2-1 has good canopy architecture and multi-disease and insect resistance, and Iksan431 has translucent milled rice and good eating-quality. Heading date of Cheongan is August 13 in central lowland and mid-mountainous areas. "Cheongan" having culm length of 84 cm shows relatively semi-erect pubescent leaf blade and rigid culm, tolerance to lodging with and good canopy architecture. This variety has 14 tillers per hill and 126 spikelets per panicle. It shows tolerance to heading delay and spikelet sterility comparable to Hwaseongbyeo when exposed to cold stress. Leaf senescence of Cheongan progresses slowly during the ripening stage and the viviparous germination ratio was 59 %, similar to that of Hwaseongbyo. "Cheongan" shows moderately resistance to blast disease, but susceptible to stripe virus and brown planthopper. The milled rice of "Cheongan" exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It shows similar amylose content of 18.7%, gelatinization temperature, and similar palatability of cooked rice compared to Hwaseongbyeo. The milled rice yield of this cultivar is about 5.54 MT/ha at ordinary season culture in local adaptability test for three years. Especially, "Cheongan" has better milling properties of higher 98.4% and 73.9% in the percentage of head rice in milled rice and milling recovery of head rice, respectively, than those of Hwaseongbyeo. "Cheongan" could be adaptable to the central and mid-southern plain area, and mid-western coastal area of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.519-523
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• 2011

''Nokyang', a new high biomass yield and whole crop silage rice (Oriza sativa L.) cultivar, was developed by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea, during the period from 1996 to 2006 and released in 2007. It was derived from a cross between Yongmoonbyeo/IR67396-16-3-3-1. This cultivar has about 130 days of growth duration from seeding to heading and is tolerance to lodging with erect pubescent leaves, semidwarf (culm length 78 cm) and thick culm. This cultivar has less tillers per hill and more spikelet numbers per panicle than Dasanbyeo. 'Nokyang' has wide and stay green leaf compared other Tongil-type varieties. This new variety is resistant to grain shattering and to some disease including bacterial leaf blight and stripe virus. This variety has good qualities for whole crop silage with high TDN (Total Digestive Nutrient) yield and low NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) and low ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) and high RFV (Relative Feed Value) compared to common high grain yield varieties. The biomass and TDN yield performance of 'Nokyang' is 1,652 MT/ha, 9.9 MT/ha, individually in local adaptability test for three years. 'Nokyang' is adaptable to central plain area, south-eastern plain area of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.543-548
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• 2011

Haiami is a new Japonica rice variety developed from a cross between 'Jinmibyeo' TR treated with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) EMS and 5-methytryptophan, and 'Gyehwabyeo' in order to develop a new premium quality rice variety by a rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration in 2008. This variety has about 138 days of growth duration from transplanting to harvesting in central plain area of Korea. The heading date of this vareity was on $15^{th}$, August. The 'Haiami' has good semi-elect plant type and resistant to lodging with strong culm. The number of panicles/hill of 'Haiami' is more than that of 'Hwaseongbyeo'. This variety shows slow leaf senescence and considerable tolerance to viviparous germination. It is susceptible to leaf blast, bacterial blight, and insect pests, but resistance to rice stripe virus. The milled rice of this variety exhibited translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and short grain shape. The essential amino acid properties of 'Haiami' have more than 31% that of 'Hwaseongbyeo' in polished rice. This variety has premium palatability of cooked rice. The yield performance of this rice cultivar was about 5.38 MT/ha in milled rice in local adaptability test for three years from 2006 to 2008. 'Haiami' is adaptable to central and southern plain areas of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.165-171
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• 2011

A new rice variety 'Jinbo' is a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) with good eating quality, lodging tolerance, and resistance to rice stripe virus (RSV) and bacterial blight disease (BB). It was developed by the rice breeding team of Yeongdeog Substation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA in 2009. This variety was derived from a cross between 'Yeongdeog26' with good grain quality and wind tolerance and 'Koshihikari' with good eating quality in 1998 summer season. A promising line, YR21324-56-1-1, selected by pedigree breeding method, was designated as the name of 'Yeongdeog45' in 2005. After the local adaptability test was carried out at nine locations from 2006 to 2008, 'Yeongdeog45' was released as the name of 'Jinbo' in 2009. 'Jinbo' has short culm length as 74 cm and medium maturating growth duration. This variety is resistant to $K_1$, $K_2$, and $K_3$ races of bacterial blight and stripe virus and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease with durable resistance, and also it has tolerance to unfavorable environments such as cold and dried wind. 'Jinbo' has translucent and clear milled rice kernel without white core and white belly rice, and good eating quality as a result of panel test. The yield potential of 'Jinbo' in milled rice is about 5.65 MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level in local adaptability test. This cultivar would be adaptable to middle plain, mid-west costal area, east-south coastal area, and south mid-mountainous area.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.607-611
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• 2009

"Jongnambyeo", a new japonica rice cultivar(Oryza sativa L.), is a mid-late maturing ecotype developed by the rice breeding team of National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station(NYAES) in 2001 and released in 2002. This variety originated from the cross of Milyang96/YR12734-B-B-22-2(in 1991/1992 winter) and was selected by means of a mixed method of bulk and pedigree breeding. The pedigree of Junambyeo, Milyang 169 designated in 1999, was YR15161-B-B-B-57-2-3. It has about 79cm in culm length and tolerant to lodging. And this variety is resistant to bacterial leaf blight($K_1$), stripe virus and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease. Milled rice kernels of "Jongnambyeo" is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm and clear in chalkness and good at eating quality in pannel test. The yield potential of "Jongambyeo" in milled rice is about 5.60MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level of local adaptability test. This cultivar would be adaptable to the Yeongnam plain and southern coastal of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.328-331
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• 2008

Hwangeumnodeul is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Milyang165 and HR15151-B-21-3 at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2007. This cultivar has short grains and about 139 days of growth duration from direct seeding to harvesting in the southern plain areas. Culm length of this cultivar is 78 cm and the number of spikelet per panicle is similar to that of the check cultivar, Nampyeongbyeo, while filled grain rate is lower than the check variety. This cultivar is moderately resistant to leaf blast, bacterial blight pathogens of $K_1$, $K_2$ and $K_3$ and stripe virus but susceptible to major virus diseases and insect pests. Milled kernel of Hwanggeumnodeul is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. This cultivar has about 5.7% and 18.6% of protein and amylose contents, respectively. Palatability of cooked rice of Hwanggeumnodeul is similar to Nampyeongbyeo. Its milling recovery and head rice were 75.6% and 90.0%, respectively. Hwanggeumnodeul yielded 5.69 and 5.61 MT/ha in milled rice at the under wet-direct and dry-direct seeding conditions, respectively which are 17% and 12% higher than the check variety, Juanbyeo. It yielded 5.86 MT/ha, 8% higher than Nampyeongbyeo at the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. "Hwanggeumnodeul" would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting as well as direct seeding in the southern plain including Chungcheong province.