• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 2004

Ten improved mulberry varieties (Vl, C1730, C2016, C2017, Anantha, RFS-175, Thallaghatapura, Vishala, S1 and S1635) were evaluated through enzyme assay and estimation of soluble protein content followed by regression analysis, grown under irrigated conditions in the alluvial soils of Gangetic plains of West Bengal in India for five successive crops in a year, The nitrate reductase (EC No. 1.6.6.1) activity (NRA, $\mu$mol N $O_2$- $h^{-1}$ $g^{-1}$ fr, wt.), total soluble protein (mg $g^{-1}$ fr, wt.) was estimated which showed to vary significantly in the tested varieties. In addition to these, the other parameters like unit leaf fresh and dry weight (g), moisture ％, unit leaf area ($\textrm{cm}^2$), specific leaf weight (g c $m^{-2}$ ), total soluble sugar (mg $g^{-1}$ fr, wt.), leaf yield/plant (kg), shoot yield/plant (kg) and net photosynthetic rate (NPR, $\mu$㏖ $m^{2}$ $s^{-1}$ ) were also studied which showed to vary significantly in tested varieties. Among them, S1635, haying higher NRA (13.25 $\mu$㏖ N $O_2$- $h^{-l}$ $g^{-1}$ fr, wt.), total soluble protein (39.63mg $g^{-1}$ fr, wt.), NPR(16.66 $\mu$㏖ $m^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ ), total soluble sugar (48.44 mg $g^{-1}$ fr. wt.), leaf yield/plant (0.689 kg) and shoot yield/plant (1.135 kg) showed its superiority over other tested varieties. Regression and correlation coefficients were analysed, and a strong positive correlation was found between NRA ＆ total soluble protein, NRA ＆ NPR, NRA ＆ total soluble sugar, NRA af unit leaf weight, NRA ＆ specific leaf weight, NRA ＆ leaf yield/plant, NRA ＆ shoot yield/plant, NPR ＆ leaf yield and NPR ＆ specific leaf weight.t.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
• /
• 제9권
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 1969

상엽의 수확고를 측정하기 위하여 상엽의 수량과 높음 상관관계가 있는 형질중 상전에서 쉽게 측정할수 있는 기조장(X$_1$), 기조직경(X$_2$), 엽수(X$_3$), 엽면적(X$_4$)의 4 개형질을 측정하여 이들 형질의 수량에 영향하는 가중치를 다중회분방정식에 의하여 계출하여 수량을 측정할수 있도록 여러가지 식을 유도하였다. 1. 기조장(X$_1$)과 기조직경(X$_2$)을 측정하여 수량을 측정하기 위하여는 개량서반에 었어서는 y$_1$v$_1$＝-115.760＋0.068X$_1$＋165.756X$_2$(g) 일지뢰에 있어서는 y$_1$v$_2$＝-221.500＋1.768X$_1$＋38.152X$_2$(g) 노상에 있어서는 y$_1$v$_3$＝-253.826-0.116X$_1$＋289.507X$_2$(g) 수원상 4호에 있어서는 y$_1$v$_4$＝ -157.559＋1.063X$_1$＋106.088X$_2$(g)의 식에 의해서 기조장(X$_1$)과 기조직경(X$_2$)의 측정치를 대입하면 수량을 견적할수 있다. 2. 기조장(X$_1$), 기조직경(X$_2$), 엽수(X$_3$)의 3 개형질을 측정하여 수량을 견적하는 데는 각품종별로 각각 y$_{7}$v$_1$＝-118.478-0.665X$_1$＋184.445X$_2$＋2.346X$_3$ y$_{7}$v$_2$＝-217.432＋2.062X$_1$＋35.668X$_2$-1.058X$_3$ y$_{7}$v$_3$＝-206. 249-0.739X$_1$＋268.08X$_2$＋2.770X$_3$ y$_{7}$v$_4$＝-153.383＋0.009X$_1$＋2.024X$_2$＋0.171X$_3$ 의 식에 의하여 수량을 견적할수 있다. 3. 기조장(X$_1$), 기조직경(X$_2$), 엽수(X$_3$), 엽면적(X$_4$)의 4개형질을 측정하고 수량을 견적하기 위하여는 각품종별로 각각 y$_{11}$v$_1$＝82. 567-1.283X$_1$＋15.501X$_2$＋0.640X$_3$＋3.511X$_4$ y$_{11}$v$_2$＝136.411＋0.311X$_1$＋1.921X$_2$-0. 217X$_3$＋0.214X$_4$ y$_{11}$v$_3$＝150.2Z7-0.139X$_1$＋11.788X$_2$＋0.143X$_3$＋0.381X$_4$ y$_{11}$v$_4$＝160.850＋0.323X$_1$＋66.076X$_2$-0.794X$_3$＋2..614X$_4$등의 식에 의하여 수량을 견적할수 있다.의하여 수량을 견적할수 있다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제62권4호
• /
• pp.75-86
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a technology for estimating rice growth and damage effect according to bacterial leaf blight using UAV multi-spectral imagery. For this purpose, we analyzed the change of aerial images, rice growth factors (plant height, dry weight, LAI) and disease effects according to disease occurrence by using UAV images for 3 rice varieties (Milyang23, Sindongjin-byeo, Saenuri-byeo) from 2017 to 2018. The correlation between vegetation index and rice growth factor during vegetative growth period showed a high value of 0.9 or higher each year. As a result of applying the growth estimation model built in 2017 to 2018, the plant height of Milyang23 showed good error withing 10%. However, it is considered that studies to improve the accuracy of other items are needed. Fixed wing unmanned aerial photographs were also possible to estimate the damage area after 2 to 4 weeks from inoculation. Although sensing data in the multi-spectral (Blue, Green, Red, NIR) band have limitations in early diagnosis of rice disease, for rice varieties such as Milyang23 and Sindongjin-byeo, it was possible to construct the equation of infected leaf area ratio and rice yield estimation using UAV imagery in early and mid-September with high correlation coefficient of 0.8 to 0.9. The results of this study are expected to be useful for farming and policy support related to estimating rice growth, rice plant disease and yield change based on UAV images.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.158-174
• /
• 2018

엽면적지수(LAI: Leaf Area Index)는 식생의 광합성, 증발산, 지표면과 대기사이의 에너지 교환 등을 설명하는 주요 인자로서, 정확하고 활용성 높은 LAI 추정 기법에 대한 연구들이 진행되었다. 본 연구에서는 UAV를 이용한 LAI 추정 방법을 모색하기 위하여 현장 실측된 LAI 자료와 UAV 영상기반의 식생지수, 수고 및 위성영상(Sentinel-2) LAI 간의 관계성을 파악하고 효과적인 UAV LAI 산정방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 그 결과 연구에 활용된 6종의 식생지수 중 Red-edge band를 포함하고 있는 NDRE ($R^2=0.496$), CIRE ($R^2=0.443$)가 LAI 추정에 효과적인 식생지수로 나타났다. 수고(Canopy Height Model) 자료를 식생지수에 적용하였을 때 LAI에 대한 설명력이 향상되었으며, NDVI의 경우에 LAI와의 선형관계에서 발생되는 포화문제(saturation problem)를 보였던 구간(0.85)이 일부 해소됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제37권6_1호
• /
• pp.1719-1729
• /
• 2021

엽면적지수는 효율적인 산림관리를 수행하기 위해 필요한 정보를 제공한다. 현재 국내 지역에 가용한 고해상도 엽면적지수 자료는 유럽우주국의 Sentinel-2 위성 기반 자료가 있으나 알고리즘 개발에 국내 산림특성이 고려되지 않았고, 국내 지역에 대해 평가가 부족한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 LAI-2200C 장비를 이용하여 엽면적지수 현장관측을 실시한 뒤, 최근 다양한 연구에서 사용되는 기계학습 알고리즘 및 PROSAIL 복사전달 모델을 기반으로 Sentinel-2 위성의 다중분광 센서 자료를 이용해 엽면적지수를 추정하여 기존 Sentinel-2 기반 엽면적지수 자료와 비교·분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 본 연구에서 개발한 모델은 기존 Sentinel-2 엽면적지수 자료와 비교하였을 때, 평균 bias 및 평균 RMSE의 차이가 각각 0.97 및 0.81로 과소추정 경향을 개선하며 낮은 오류를 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 엽면적지수 추정 알고리즘은 추후 국토 산림에 대한 보다 개선된 자료를 제공할 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.815-820
• /
• 2015

제주도의 효율적 수자원 관리 기반을 구축하기 위해서는 지표수의 유출 특성과 증발산량, 지하수 함양량, 지하수 유출량의 상호관계를 정확하게 제시할 필요가 있다. 이 중 식생에 의한 차단(interception)효과는 증발산량에 직결되는 영향 인자임에도 정량적 분석의 어려움 때문에 유역단위로 정량화된 사례는 드물다. Von Hoyningen-Huene (1981)이 엽면적지수와 차단저류량의 관계를 밝혔고, LAI는 차단, 증산의 핵심요소로 다양한 수문모형에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Kozak et al. (2007)이 제시한 엽면적 지수(LAI: Leaf Area Index)에 따른 차단저류량의 관계식을 이용하여 한국형 유역수문모형 SWAT-K (Soil and Water Assessment Tool-Korea)내에 식생에 의한 차단량 산정모듈을 개선하였다. 제주도 천미천 유역을 대상으로 적용한 결과 천미천 유역의 차단증발량은 85~104mm로서 전체 증발산량(993~1062mm)의 약 8~11% 만큼 차지하는 것으로 분석되어 전체 물수지 성분에 영향인자로 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2013

Fog deposition onto the cool-temperate deciduous forest around Lake Mashu in northern Japan was estimated by the inferential method using the parameterizations of deposition velocity and liquid water content of fog (LWC). Two parameterizations of fog deposition velocity derived from field experiments in Europe and numerical simulations using a detailed multi-layer atmosphere-vegetation-soil model were tested. The empirical function between horizontal visibility (VIS) and LWC was applied to produce hourly LWC as an input data for the inferential method. Weekly mean LWC computed from VIS had a good correlation with LWC sampled by an active string-fog collector. By considering the enhancement of fog deposition due to the edge effect, fog deposition calculated by the inferential method using two parameterizations of deposition velocity agreed with that computed from throughfall data. The results indicated that the inferential method using the current parameterizations of deposition velocity and LWC can provide a rough estimation of water input due to fog deposition onto cool-temperature deciduous forests. Limitations of current parameterizations of deposition velocity related to wind speed, evaporation loss of rain and fog droplets intercepted by tree canopies, and leaf area index were discussed.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농업기계학회 2017년도 춘계공동학술대회
• /
• pp.45-45
• /
• 2017

On-site monitoring of vegetable growth parameters, such as leaf length, leaf area, and fresh weight, in an agricultural field can provide useful information for farmers to establish farm management strategies suitable for optimum production of vegetables. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are currently gaining a growing interest for agricultural applications. This study reports on validation testing of previously developed vegetable growth estimation models based on UAV-based RGB images for white radish and Chinese cabbage. Specific objective was to investigate the potential of the UAV-based RGB camera system for effectively quantifying temporal and spatial variability in the growth status of white radish and Chinese cabbage in a field. RGB images were acquired based on an automated flight mission with a multi-rotor UAV equipped with a low-cost RGB camera while automatically tracking on a predefined path. The acquired images were initially geo-located based on the log data of flight information saved into the UAV, and then mosaicked using a commerical image processing software. Otsu threshold-based crop coverage and DSM-based crop height were used as two predictor variables of the previously developed multiple linear regression models to estimate growth parameters of vegetables. The predictive capabilities of the UAV sensing system for estimating the growth parameters of the two vegetables were evaluated quantitatively by comparing to ground truth data. There were highly linear relationships between the actual and estimated leaf lengths, widths, and fresh weights, showing coefficients of determination up to 0.7. However, there were differences in slope between the ground truth and estimated values lower than 0.5, thereby requiring the use of a site-specific normalization method.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.556-563
• /
• 2015

Chinese cabbage is one of the most important vegetables in Korea and a target crop for market stabilization as well. Remote sensing has long been used as a tool to extract plant growth, cultivated area and yield information for many crops, but little research has been conducted on Chinese cabbage. This study refers to the derivation of simple Chinese cabbage growth prediction equation by using RapidEye derived vegetation index. Daesan-myeon area in Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea is one of main producing district of Chinese cabbage. RapidEye multi-spectral imagery was taken on the Daesan-myeon five times from early September to late October during the Chinese cabbage growing season. Meanwhile, field reflectance spectra and five plant growth parameters, including plant height (P.H.), plant diameter (P.D.), leaf height (L.H.), leaf length (L.L.) and leaf number (L.N.), were measured for about 20 plants (ten plants per plot) for each ground survey. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for each of the 20 plants was measured using an active plant growth sensor (Crop $Circle^{TM}$) at the same time. The results of correlation analysis between the vegetation indices and Chinese cabbage growth data showed that NDVI was the most suited for monitoring the L.H. (r=0.958~0.978), L.L. (r=0.950~0.971), P.H. (r=0.887~0.982), P.D. (r=0.855~0.932) and L.N. (r=0.718~0.968). Retrieval equations were developed for estimating Chinese cabbage growth parameters using NDVI. These results obtained using the NDVI is effective provided a basis for establishing retrieval algorithm for the biophysical properties of Chinese cabbage. These results will also be useful in determining the RapidEye multi-spectral imagery necessary to estimate parameters of Chinese cabbage.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume II
• /
• pp.543-546
• /
• 2006

NDVI has been very frequently used to estimate several biophysical parameters that are required for ecosystem models. Leaf area index (LAI), canopy closure, and biomass are among those biophysical parameters that are estimated by empirical relationship with NDVI. However, the type of remote sensing signals (raw DN value, at-sensor radiance, atmospherically corrected reflectance) used can vary the calculation of NDVI. In this study, we tried to attempt to compare the influence of NDVI linked with forest LAI for the watershed-scale ecosystem models to estimate evapotranspiration. Landsat ETM+ data were used to obtain various NDVI values over the study area in central Korea. The NDVI-based LAI and the resultant evapotranspiration estimation were greatly varied by the remote sensing signal applied.