• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.23-35
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, smart factories have received great attention, where production and manufacturing technology and ICT converge. With the development of IoT technology and big data, automation of production systems has become possible. In the advanced manufacturing industry, production systems are subject to unscheduled performance degradation and downtime, and there is a demand to reduce safety risks by detecting and reparing potential errors as soon as possible. This study designs a model based on supervised and unsupervised learning for detecting anomalies. The accuracy of XGBoost, LightGBM, and CNN models was compared as a supervised learning analysis method. Through the evaluation index based on the confusion matrix, it was confirmed that LightGBM is most predictive (97%). In addition, as an unsupervised learning analysis method, MD, AE, and LSTM-AE models were constructed. Comparing three unsupervised learning analysis methods, the LSTM-AE model detected 75% of anomalies and showed the best performance. This study aims to contribute to the advancement of the smart factory by combining supervised and unsupervised learning techniques to accurately diagnose equipment failures and predict when abnormal situations occur, thereby laying the foundation for preemptive responses to abnormal situations. do.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2021

Although feather-sexing using sex-linked genes related to feather development is a widely used chick sexing method in the poultry industry, the feather-sexing method has yet to be used for Korean native chickens (KNCs). The purpose of this study was to construct a KNC feather-sexing line using early-feathering (EF) and late-feathering (LF) genes for industrial application. Using 557 reddish-brown KNCs as the basal flock, frequencies of the EF (k) and LF (K) genes were estimated to be 0.814 and 0.186, respectively. This indicating that it would be feasible to construct a feather-sexing line using this chicken group, and we accordingly constructed EF paternal and LF maternal lines. On the basis of test-cross for the selection of LF homozygous (KK) males in the maternal line, we confirmed that three of 40 chickens were homozygous males. The survival rate, body weight, days at first egg-laying, hen-day egg production, and egg weight were analyzed to compare the production performance of EF and LF chickens. The results revealed that EF chickens were characterized by a superior survival rate, whereas LF chickens were superior in terms of egg production rate. However, no differences between LF and EF chickens were detected with respect to other production performance parameters. In addition, assessment of the fitness of sexed chicks produced in the established KNC feather-sexing lines revealed that the accuracy of sexing was 98.6%. Collectively, these findings indicate the feasibility of constructing effective KNC feather-sexing lines with potential industrial application.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.241-249
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• 2023

Following the Animal genetic resource for food and agriculture (AnGR) is considered as an independent resource for the possessing country, ensuring the sovereignty of AnGR is important. The present study investigated the growth and egg production performance of six breed enrolled in DAD-IS for the purpose of securing scientific data on AnGR in Korea. A total of 323 chickens (female 181, male 142) were used in this study, with the following six breeds: Korean Leghorn (LEG), Gyeongbuk Araucana (ARA), Korean native chicken (KNC), Korean Ogye (Ogye), Hyunindak (HIL), Heongseongyakdak (HYD). The body weight of male ARA from hatching to 32 weeks of age was the highest among the breeds, and LEG and Ogye were relatively lower (P<0.0001, excluded body weight data of HYD). The body weight of female ARA was the highest and HYD was significantly the lowest among the female chicken breeds (P<0.0001). The laying percentage was the highest in LEG and was the lowest in HYD among the breeds (P<0.0001). The average egg weight from 20 to 40 weeks of age was the highest in ARA, followed by LEG and was the lowest in Ogye (P<0.0001), and the adapted breed including LEG and ARA was higher than indigenous breed (P<0.05). Egg mass production was the highest in Korean Leghorn. Collectively, these results show that ARA has the best growth ability, and LEG has the best egg production performance among the used breeds. This suggests that the adapted breed with high commercial performance is important AnGR in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2009

This experiment was conducted using 350 Lohmann Brown layers (67 weeks of age) to evaluate the dietary effect of organic or inorganic Se and Cu on their contents in chicken eggs. The layers were divided into seven groups and fed a commercial diet or one of the six experimental diets containing different levels of Se and Cu (T1, 0.3ppm organic Se; T2, 1.0ppm organic Se; T3, 1.0ppm inorganic Se; T4, 125ppm organic Cu; T5, 250ppm organic Cu; and T6, 250ppm inorganic Cu) for 5 weeks. No significant differences were observed in egg production and its qualities among groups. The contents of blood cholesterol in the birds fed various levels of Se and Cu were not significantly different as compared to control. Se contents in eggs were linearly increased as dietary Se levels increased for both sources, but Se contents from the groups fed organic Se were slightly higher than those fed inorganic Se. Sensory characteristics of eggs were not influenced by dietary treatments. In conclusion, Se contents in eggs were linearly increased as dietary levels of organic or inorganic Se increased, but eggs in layers fed the diet containing organic Se did not show higher Se contents than those in birds fed dietary inorganic Se.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 1979

This study was carried out to select superior dual purpose hens which could spread to poultry farming for subsidiary work and general farmhouse. Three hundred and fifty chicks of 7 kinds of 2-way crossbred from mating of Rhode Island Red, New Hampshire and Australorps were tested for dual purpose performance. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The average viability of brooding, rearing and laying Period hen were 92.3% 98.3% and 93.1% respectively. There was significant difference at 1% level among crossbreds for brooding viability, but other viabilitys were no significant difference. 2. The average body weight of 8 weeks was 854.41g, but there was no significant difference among crossbreds, respectively. Average body weight at 300 days, 500 days were 2507.15g, 2632.25g respectively, but there was significant difference at 1% level among crossbreds. 3. Sexual maturity of individual and 50% egg production were 173.7 days and 199.4 days, respectively. There was significant difference at 5% level among crossbreds. 4. The average hen day egg production was 65.3% and the highest was R.N crossbred (70.5%). There was significant difference at 5% level among crossbreds and average hen housed egg Production was 20.2 eggs and the highest was 220.4 eggs in R.A. crossbred. 5. The average egg weight was 57.36g and the highest was A.N crossbred (58.3g). Therc was no significant difference among crossbreds. 6. The average feed consumption per hen per day by stag. was 42.9g (brooding period), 83.7g (rearing period), 131.1g (laying period). Average feed requirement per 1kg. egg production was 3.79 and th. R.A. crossbred was superiority (3.42). 7. On the basis of the results of this study, the R.A and R.N crossbreds were best for superior dual commercial chicks under farming management conditions.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

The objects of this study were to develop a new strain which has resistance to fowl typhoid, high performance in laying, and producing brown shell eggs favored by domestic consumers. Several White Leghorn (WL) breeds known as possessing genetic resistance to fowl typhoid and several brown shell egg breeds such as susceptible to the disease were used to produce the controlled strains with cross mating between the strains within the breeds and the experimental strains with crossbreeding between the breeds. The crossbred strains were Chungnong(CN) 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. The controlled strains were ISA brown CC, Hyline brown CC and Lohman brown CC. The survival rates were 99.95% for chicks of age 0∼l7 weeks and 91% for adult chickens of age 18∼72 weeks. There was no difference in survival rate between the crossbred and the controlled strains. The means of age of lst egg laying were 147 to 148 days and no difference was observed between the crossbred and the controlled. The egg Production rates of a9e 18∼72 weeks were 83.76% far the crossbred strains and 77.82% for the controlled strains, which is significantly higher in the crossbred than controlled strains by 6%. The numbers of the hen housed egg Production of age 18∼72 weeks were 292.33 eggs for the crossbred strains and 271.31 eggs fur the controlled strains. The difference of 21 eggs more produced by the crossbred than by the controlled was statistically significant. The mean egg weights of age 18∼72 weeks were 64.32g for the crossbred strains and 60.73g for the controlled strains, and the difference of 3.59g was statistically significant. The feed conversion rates during the age of 18 to 72 weeks were 2.297 for the crossbred strains and 2.454 for the controlled strains. The crossbreds were reduced feed consumption by 157g for 1kg of egg Production which was statistically significant. Haugh unit(H$.$u) at the age of 72 weeks were 82.20 for the crossbred strains and 77.82 for the controlled strains. The crossbred strains were superior quality by 4.38 H$.$u. There were no significant differences in the yolk color and the eggshell thickness between the crossbred strains and the controlled strains. The eggshell color of the crossbred strains was light brown which is the medium color of the white eggshell strains and the brown eggshell strains. The body weights at the ages of 8, 12, 18, 42 and 71 weeks were not different between the crossbred strains and the controlled strains.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate dietary effects of Marigold extract on laying performance, egg quality, oxidative stability of egg yolk and lutein transfer into chicken eggs. A total of one-hundred eighty nine 55-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers were divided into seven groups and fed control diet or each experimental diet containing 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0% Marigold extract. Egg production, egg weight and daily egg mass were not affected by dietary treatments. The yolk colors in groups fed diets containing Marigold extract were significantly higher than that of control. The Haugh unit were tended to be improved by feeding of diets containing Marigold extract although there were no significant difference in egg shell strength and thickness. The MDA (malondialdehyde) contents in groups fed diets containing Marigold extract above 0.5% were significantly reduced than that of control. After 14d of storage, the Haugh unit values in groups feed diets containing 0.3 and 1.0% Marigold extract were significantly higher than that of control (p<0.05). The concentration of lutein in egg yolk increased by feeding of Marigold extract. When 2% Marigold extract was supplemented to the diet, lutein content of egg was increased as much as 1.71 mg/60 g. These results indicated that the use of Marigold extract in layer diets was effective in egg quality and for the production of lutein fortified eggs.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.55-68
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• 1981

Calcium and phosphorus are not only indispensable for the bone formation and body fluids equilibrium but also are major components of egg shell. It is nutritionally important, therefore, to investigate the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus and to search for optimum requirement of calcium and phosphorus and the availability of various sources of calcium an4 phosphorus by poultry. An attempt was made to review the nutrition of calcium and phosphorus in poultry diets. 1, Calcium and phosphorus have great interrelationship with vitamin D in their metabolisms. 2. Most of the plant-origin phosphorus are existing in phytic form and it leads to low availability when used in poultry rations, although calcium and phosphorus present in animal-origin or mineral supplements are highly available in general. 3. Calcium and phosphorus requirement from existing information indicated that 1.0% calcium and 0.7% phosphorus for broiler and egg-type chicks, and 3.5% calcium and 0.4% phosphorus for laying hen. 4. It has been recommended that calcium and phosphorus level should be increased when the feed intake was decreased or when the egg Production rate was higher or when the hens are old. 5. Mono-, ci-, tri-, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, bone meal, limestone and oyster shell u the most readily available among various sources of calcium phosphorus supplements. Soft rock phosphate, deflourinated phosphate and gypsum are somewhat inferior to the previous ones in bioavailability. 6. The effect of particle size of calcium supplements on egg shell quality and egg production rate is not yet clearly defined but recent works showed that oyster shell is more available when it was coarse and limestone is more available when it was fine in panicle. size. 7. Present data indicated that mixed feeding of oyster shell and limestone is superior to the single feeding of each on laying performance. 8. Significant interaction between phosphorus and sodium was observed, that is, excessive sodium decreased egg production in layer and body weight growth in broiler in the low phosphorus diets but increased them in the high phosphorus diets.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.645-650
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• 2008

The effects of various levels of dietary dried whole crop of kale (0.1%, 0.3%), dried peel of kale (0.3%), dried whole crop of Angelica keiskei (Koidz) (0.1%, 0.3%), and peel of Angelica keiskei (Koidz) (0.3%) in egg-laying performance were studied with 560 ISA brown layers for a period of 12 weeks. No significant differences were recognized between the treatments and control in egg production, feed intake and egg mass. The quality of egg and eggshell were not different among treatments but egg yolk color was improved in the both of whole crop and peel of kale and Angelica keiskei (Koidz). Vitamin and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration of eggs increased in treatments compared to control but were not significantly different from controls. In conclusion, dried peel of kale and Angelica keiskei (Koidz) supplementation in laying hens diet improved egg yolk color, and improve vitamin concentration of chicken eggs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1296-1302
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• 2009

Ninety six beak-trimmed 72 week-old Lohmann Brown hens were randomly divided into four equal groups. Each group comprised 4 replicates. Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous experimental diets contained low calcium (3.5%); optimum calcium (4.2%); low Ca (3.5% Ca)+1% Clinoptilolite (CLP); low Ca (3.5% Ca)+2% CLP. Data were collected biweekly and the experiment lasted 6 weeks. Egg production, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, tibia Ca, P, ash and eggshell thickness were not affected by addition of CLP to the diets (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in egg shell strength and ash when data were analyzed individually in measurement periods ($74^{th}$, $76^{th}$ and $78^{th}$ weeks). However, according to pooled data ($74^{th}$-$78^{th}$ weeks), eggshell strength was increased (p<0.05) only by 2% CLP supplementation versus low Ca (3.5%) diet, and shell ash was significantly increased by 2% CLP supplementation compared with the other diets. The damaged egg ratio on 1% and 2% CLP diets was significantly decreased between 76-78 weeks'data when compared with the low Ca diet. However; damaged egg ratio on the 2% CLP diet was significantly decreased when pooled data (74-78) were compared with no CLP diets. The differences in marketable egg ratio paralleled damaged egg ratio. The plasma calcium level at the end of experiment was increased on the 2% CLP diet when compared with the low Ca (3.5%) diet (p<0.05). Furthermore, at the end of the experiment a marked decrease of manure moisture was observed on both CLP diets (p<0.01). In conclusion, Clinoptilolite (2%) supplementation to layer diets tends to improve eggshell quality and manure dry matter (1% and 2% CLP) after six weeks.