• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제30권7호
• /
• pp.994-998
• /
• 2017

Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of superdosing phytase on productive performance and egg quality in laying hens. Methods: A total of 200 42-wk-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were allotted into 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates consisting of 8 hens per replicate. The positive control (PC) and negative control diets (NC) were prepared based on the recommended P levels in layer diets. Supplemental phytase was added to the negative control diet at 10,000 (SD10), 20,000 (SD20), or 30,000 (SD30) fytase units (FTU)/kg. Productive performance was summarized for 6 weeks from 42 weeks to 47 weeks of age. Egg quality was assessed from 4 eggs per replicate randomly collected at the conclusion of the experiment. Results: The SD20 treatment had greater (p<0.05) hen-day egg production than PC, NC, and SD10 treatment groups. There was no difference in hen-day egg production between SD20 and SD30 treatment groups. However, SD30 treatment had greater (p<0.05) hen-day egg production than PC treatment, but showed no difference in hen-day egg production as compared to NC and SD10 treatment groups. However, egg weight, egg mass, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were not affected by dietary treatments. Egg quality including eggshell strength, eggshell color, egg yolk color, and haugh unit was not influenced by dietary treatments. Conclusion: Superdosing level of 20,000 FTU/kg phytase in diets has a positive effect on egg production rate, but no beneficial effect on egg quality in laying hens.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권10호
• /
• pp.1464-1469
• /
• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of red ginseng by-product (RGB) on the laying performance, blood biochemistry, and microbial population in laying hens. A total of 120 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (75 weeks old) were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments with 4 replicates per treatment. A commercial-type basal diet was prepared, and 2 additional diets were prepared by supplementing 5.0 or 10.0 g/kg of RGB to the basal diet at the expense of corn. The diets were fed to hens on an ad libitum basis for 4 weeks. There were no differences in feed intake, egg weight, and feed conversion ratio during 4 weeks of the feeding trial. However, hen-day egg production was significantly greater (p<0.05) for the RGB treatment groups than that for the basal treatment group. There were no differences in triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase during the 4-week feeding trial. However, RGB supplementation increased (p<0.05) the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM content compared with basal treatment group. The total cholesterol was lower (p<0.05) in the RGB treatments groups than that in the basal treatment group. The intestinal Lactobacillus population was greater (p<0.05) for the RGB treatments groups than that for the basal treatment group. However, the numbers of Salmonella and Escherichia coli were not different among dietary treatments. During the entire experiment, there was no significant difference in egg quality among all the treatments. In conclusion, in addition to improving hen-day production, there were positive effects of dietary RGB supplementation on serum immunoglobulin and cholesterol levels in laying hens.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 1995

To evaluate the nutritional values of Spirulina platensis as the protein supplement for laying heo diet, two experimental diets (Control, Spirulina platensis 2%) were prepared. Total 120, 40-wk old ISA Brown layer hens were randomly employed with 15 hens per replicate and 4 replicates per treatment. Hen-day egg production, egg weight, feed intake, intake /egg weight, egg shell thickness, yolk color score and yolk cholesterol content were examined during 6 weeks of experimental period. Hen-day egg production and feed conversion ratio (intake /egg weight) were significantly (P<0.01) improved by the 2% Spirulina plalensis supplementation. However, there were no differences in egg weight and feed intake between hens fed two experimental diets. Egg from hens fed Spirulina platensis 2% diet have more yellowish yolk color than the control egg although there was no difference in egg shell thickness. Yolk cholesterol content was significantly (P

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the influence of providing laying hens with extra feed on egg production and egg quality parameters. A total of 480 laying hens (38-weeks old), were divided into five treatment groups (eight replicate cages/treatment and 12 layer/replicate) according to their starting body weight (1.98 ± 0.05 kg) in this four-week feeding trial. Five different feed allowances of the same diet (105, 110, 115, 120, and 125 g·day^-1·bird^-1) were assigned to layers. Daily inspections of remaining feed (around 0.1g) and layer mortality (0%) showed no harmful impact of supplying extra feed to layers. Providing 120 and 125 g of feed per day to layers resulted in the highest final body weight, large-egg ratio, and improved yolk color among all treatment groups. Layers receiving 125 g of feed daily had the highest egg weight, but the highest egg production ratio was observed in layers receiving 110 g of feed/day. The additional supply of feed did not have a negative impact on the productive performance or egg quality of the layers. The provision of 125 g feed per day led to an improvement of large-egg ratio, egg weight, and yolk color, but likely led to obesity of the layers, which manifested as an increase in body weight and a decline in the egg production ratio. We concluded that 110 grams of feed was the proper quantity after taking into consideration the significance of the health of the laying hen to the overall production performance.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1986

본 연구에서는 산란종계 육종개발에 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 산란종계 6계통을 양면교잡시켜 생산된 후대 3,759수를 가지고 교잡에 의한 잡종강세효과와 결합능력을 추정하였다. 공시계는 국립종축원 대전지원에서 보유하고 있는 White LKeghorn종 6계통에서 생산된 36개 조합의 양면교잡종을 이용하여 1984년 5월 11일부터 1985년 9월23일까지 500일간 수행하였으며, 수정율, 부화율, 육추율, 유성율, 성계생존율, 초산일령, 초산시 체중, 평규란중, 생존계산란율, 산란지수 및 사료요구율 등을 조사하였다. 조사된 각 형질에 대한 기록을 분석하여 교잡에 의한 잡종강세효과, 일반결합능력, 특수결합능력, 상반교잡효과 등을 추정하였다. 분석방법은 Griffing(1956)의 Model I 모형을 이용하여 추정하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사된 형질의 일반능력은 수정율이 94.76%, 부화율이 74.05%, 육추율이 97.47%, 육성율이 99.72%, 생존율이 93.81%, 초산일령이 150일, 초산시체량이 1,505g, 평균란중이 60.08g, 생존계산란율이 77.11%, 산란지수가 269.8개, 사료요구율이 2.44로 나타났다. 2. 잡종강세의 크기는 수정율에서 -1.66%로 부의 방향으로 나타났으며 부화율에서 9.58%, 육추율에서 0.26%, 생존율에서 1.83%, 초산일령에서 -3.87%, 초산시체중에서 3.63%, 평균란중에서 0.96, 산란율에서 4.23%, 산란지수에서 6.4%, 그리고 사료요구율에서 -0.85%로 나타나 수정율과 체중을 제외한 모든 형질에서 바람직한 개량방향으로 잡종강세효과를 보여 주었으며, 비교적 유전력이 낮은 부화율, 사란능력에서는 잡종강세효과가 컸고, 유전력이 비교적 높은 란중은 잡종강세효과가 적었다. 3. 결합능력의 분석에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1)수정율 일반결합능력, 특수결합능력 및 상반교잡효과는 중요하지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 수정율은 유전적 요인보다는 환경적인 요인에 의해 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 부화율에서는 일반결합능력이 큰 비중을 차지하였으며 특히 K와 V계통의 상가적 유전효과가 크게 추정되었다. 2) 사료요구율과 평균란중은 일반결합능력이 특히 중요하였으며 특수결합능력과 상반교잡효과도 중요하게 나타났다. 사료요구율은 F, K, B 계통에서 우수하였으며, 란중은 F, B 계통이 우수하게 나타났다. 4) 초산일령은 일반결합능력, 특수결합능력 및 상반교잡효과가 모두 중요하게 나타났으며, V$\times$E, F$\times$K, B$\times$F의 교배조합이 우수하였고, 초산시체중은 일반결합능력이 특히 중요하게 나타났으며 특수결합능력과 상반교잡효과도 중요하게 나타났다. 초산시체중을 가벼운 쪽으로 개량하고자 할 때 K, F, E 계통이 우수하였다. 5) 산란율과 산란지수는 일반결합능력, 특수결합능력, 상반교잡효과가 모두 중요하였으며, F$\times$K, $A\times$K, $K\times$A 조합에서 우수하게 나타났다. 4. 일반적으로 일반결합능력이 중요하게 나타난 형질은 부화율, 초산시체중, 평균란중, 산란율, 산란지수, 사료요구율이었고 특수결합능력이 중요하게 나타난 형질은 육추율, 성계생존율, 초산일령, 산란율, 산란지수였으며, 상반교잡효과가 중요하였던 형질은 초산일령이었다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 2000

This work was designed to investigate the performances of broiler breeder hens upon the addition were vitamin and mineral supplements in feeds. Animals were divided into for feed groups such as control, T$_1$,T$_2$and T$_3$, and each treatment has four replications. All broiler breeder hens were housed individually, and were fed with identical iso-metaboilic energy and iso-protein, except for vitamins and minerals. Different sources and levels of vitamins and minerals were added to the basic feeds according to the treatments. At the end of the experiments, general laying rate(hen days), average egg weight, hatching egg laying rate(Hen day) every day. Hatching egg weight, sterility, embryo mortality, hatching rate and chick weight were examined. Although, early laying rate in all treatment groups were reduced during cold term management, general egg laying rate was increased only T$_3$group which was contanining vitamin C. However, similar results were obtained in the rates of general and hatching egg laying. General egg laying rate were somewhat higher of Control, T$_2$and T$_3$ groups than that of T$_1$group. In addition, the laying rates of general and hatching eggs slightly improved in the T$_3$group rather than those of Control group. Egg weight was reduced with the increasing of laying rate, showing the highest in the T$_3$group. The laying rate showed significantly lower value than those of any other groups. Egg weight was about 65g in T$_3$group. The results of hatching performance for production ability of Broiler breeder hens were fed experimental diet, although the rates of non-hatched and hatched eggs increased in order of Control, T$_1$T$_2$and T$_3$groups. However, the rate of embryo mortality was declined in order Control, T$_1$T$_2$and T$_3$groups.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.127-137
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to estimate the laying performance and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR), and KNC x RIR crossbreds A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and RIR crossbreds in National Livestock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 2O~64 weeks from Jan 20. to Nov.25, 1996. The age at first egg of crossbreds were 144.1~148.7 days. The first egg weight of crossbreds was 39. 4~40.3 g, and body weights at first egg of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR(LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 1,943 g, 1,925 g and 2,044 g, respectively. During the laying period the average viability of crossbreds was 96.6~98.3%. The hen-day egg production of crossbreds were 111.1~113.O eggs at 40 weeks of age, and 223.5~227.5 eggs at 64 weeks of age, respectively. The hen-day egg production peaks were 78.2~80.1% in KNC, and 85.8~87.5% in crossbreds. The heterosis were estimated to be 3.61%, 9.21%, 4.78%, 2.97% and -1.63% for the first egg days, body weights at first egg, layer viability, hen-day egg production, and feed conversion ratio, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권10호
• /
• pp.1478-1483
• /
• 2006

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of supplementation of L-carnitine and humic substances alone or in combination in laying hen diets on performance, egg traits and blood parameters. A total of 180 IGH type brown laying hens aged 22 weeks were employed in a completely randomized block design with one control group and three treatment groups. Each group was divided into five replicates as subgroups, each comprising 9 hens. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 0.1 g/kg L-carnitine, 1.5 g/kg humic substances (Farmagulator$^{(R)}$ Dry Plus) and 0.1 g/kg L-carnitine+1.5 g/kg humic substances, respectively. The experimental period lasted 18 weeks. Feeding supplemental carnitine, humic substances or carnitine+humic substances resulted in increases in body weight gain (p<0.05). Dietary treatments did not significantly affect daily feed intake, daily metabolizable energy intake, egg production, egg weight, feed efficiency, mortality, egg shape index, egg breaking strength, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index, egg Haugh unit and the percentages of egg shell, albumen and yolk. Supplementation of humic substances reduced egg yolk cholesterol as mg per g yolk and mg per yolk (p<0.05). Blood serum parameters were not affected by the supplementation of carnitine, humic substances or carnitine+humic substances. The results in this study demonstrated that humic substances supplementation reduced egg cholesterol without adverse effects on performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens. It was concluded that the usage of L-carnitine alone or in combination with humic substances in diets had no beneficial effects in laying hens.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2023

본 연구는 토종 종계의 육성기 체중과 산란 능력 간의 연관성을 규명하고자 성숙 이전 주령별 체중과 이들의 초산일령, 산란율 및 난중과의 상관 관계를 분석하였다. 공시계는 (주)한협원종이 보유한 신품종 토종 종계 1,384수로써 발생부터 20주령까지의 체중과 초산일령, 초산이후 50주령까지의 일계 산란율 및 산란지수, 32주령 및 50주령 난중을 분석 대상으로 하였다. 분석 결과, 육성 초기 체중과 초산일령 간에는 정(positive)의 상관이, 육성 후기 체중과 초산일령 간에는 부(negative)의 상관이 나타났다. 육성기 체중과 일계 산란율 및 산란지수 간에는 비슷한 상관계수를 보이고, 육성전기 체중과 산란율 간에는 부의 상관이, 육성 후기 체중과는 정의 상관을 보였다. 육성기 체중과 32주령 난중 간에는 거의 상관 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났고, 50주령 난중과는 낮은 정의 상관을 보였다. 결론적으로 토종 종계에 있어서 8주령 이전까지의 육성 초기 체중과 산란 능력 간에는 거의 연관성이 없는 것으로 보여지고, 12주령 이후 육성 후기 체중과 산란 능력 간에는 정의 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 육성 후기 때 병아리의 체중이 증가할수록 성 성숙이 빠르고, 산란율도 높고 난중도 증가함을 시사한다. 따라서 토종 종계 모계의 경우 육성 후기 병아리의 체중 관리가 매우 중요하고, 이때 종계들의 체중이 표준 체중 이상이 되도록 유지하여야 한다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to set a standard of damage compensation by researching state of damage due to noises in laying and prelaying hens. Recently, there are many damage cases in chicken farms near construction site that were caused by noises of construction. Therefore disputes and complaints about economical loss have increased ceaselessly. But we have few research and report such a thing. The result have shown that the weight loss rate was ranged from 9.48% to 23.2% and mortality of laying period of hens was higher than prelaying period. Pathological findings were fatty liver, congestion and hemorrhage of intestine, erosion of proventriculus and gizzard in order of case frequency. And these signs in hens of laying period was more serious than prelaying period. Half-life rate of antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis in sound stressed hens was no different compared with non-stressed hens. Egg production rate dropped from 38% to 45% according to strength of noises. Before being stressed, hens produced special, large, middle, small-size eggs in the order. But after being stressed, their egg Production rate of middle, small-size Increased while egg production rate of special, large-size decreased. Production rate of soft and broken shell eggs was 0.015% in the stressed flocks higher than 0.005% in the non-stressed flocks.