• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.581-588
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• 2008

Purpose: It is generally accepted that anatomical structures of the soft tissue in Asian faces are quite different from those in Caucasian. It is presumed that these differences are due to collagen rich thick dermis and durable superficial musculo-apponeurotic system (SMAS) in Asian. We classified the aging lower eyelids and reviewed the operative procedures according to the types of aging lower eyelids in Asian. Methods: We compared preoperative and postoperative photos of 117 patients over 30 years of age, who underwent lower blepharoplasty at the Kyunghee Medical Center from January 2001 to April 2006. We classified the patients based on the degree of skin laxity, presence of nasojugal groove and malar bag, the extent of aging process. We also reviewed the operative procedures according to each type of classification. Results: We classified our patients into four types as following. Type I patients showed minimal skin-muscle excess confined to lower eyelids regardless of the facial line. For these patients, we performed only transcutaneous or transconjunctival blepharoplasty. In type II patients, nasojugal grooves were shown and skin- muscle laxity was limited to the medial side of imaginary vertical line at lateral margin of pupil. In these cases, we performed free fat graft or fat repositioning on nasojugal groove or fat removal and septal duplication confined to medial side. Type III patients displayed more advanced medial bulging and remarkable laxity over the lateral side, the same operation methods as those of type II were applied at the lateral side of the line. Type IV patients demonstrated extensive midfacial aging changes including malar bags and underwent superficial subciliary cheek lift. Conclusion: The lower eyelid aging of Asian is different from those of Caucasian. We think that our classification is useful in selection of appropriate operative procedure to address specific problems for Asian patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2020

Background This study evaluated the outcomes of a new modified Wies technique for patients with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. Methods This case series retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with entropion who underwent surgery between January 2014 and March 2019 by the same experienced surgeon. Horizontal eyelid laxity, lower eyelid retractor function, and orbicularis muscle overriding were recorded before and after surgery. The recurrence rate and complications were also evaluated. This technique consisted of modified everting sutures combined with reattachment of the lower eyelid retractors to the inferior tarsal plate. Results This new technique was performed on 28 eyes in 25 patients (mean age, 71.0±8.0 years; range, 56-87 years). Nine patients (36%) were women and 16 (64%) were men. Lower lid entropion was present in the right eye in 14 patients (56%), the left eye in eight patients (32%), and both eyes in three patients (12%). The mean follow-up period was 27.3±12.4 months (range, 6-60 months). No intraoperative complications were observed. All patients' symptoms were alleviated. One patient (3.6%) had recurrence after 2 years (success rate, 96.4%). The remaining 27 eyes maintained a satisfactory and comfortable eyelid position. No patients had problems with scarring. Conclusions The approach described herein proved to be safe and feasible in eyes with involutional lower eyelid entropion without horizontal eyelid laxity. These advantages of this procedure include the lack of a conjunctival scar, punctal eversion, and lateral canthal angle deformation. A low recurrence rate and a long interval to recurrence were also observed.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2010

목적: 본 연구는 이중 다발 전방십자인대 재건술 후의 단기 임상결과와 이차적 관절경 소견을 알아보았다. 대상 및 방법: 이중 다발 전방십자인대 재건술 후에 최소 24개월 이상 추시가 가능하였던 49 예(환자)를 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 결과로 Lysholm 슬관절 점수, Tegner 활동 점수, 도수 및 기계적 전방 안정성 검사를 시행하였다. 15 예에서 스테플 제거와 함께 이차적 관절경 수술을 시행하여, 재건된 전방십자인대의 파열 유무와 이식건의 주관적인 긴장 정도 및 활액막 형성 정도를 검사하였다. 결과: Lysholm 슬관절 및 Tegner 활동 점수는 각각 술전 67.4, 2.0에서 최종 추시에 96.1, 6.1로 호전되었다 (p<0.01). Lachman 및 pivot-shift 검사에서 39예, 36예가 정상범위로 호전되었다. 스트레스 방사선 검사의 양측 차이 정도는 10.8 mm 에서 3.3 mm로 의미있게 호전되었다 (p<0.01). 이차적 관절경 소견상 모든 환자에서 전내측 다발이 정상 및 정상에 가까운 소견이 관찰되었으나, 8예 (53.3%) 에서 후외측 다발의 부분 및 완전 파열이 관찰되었다. 결론: 이중 다발 전방십자인대 재건술이 임상적으로 슬관절의 회전 및 전, 후방 안정성을 복원하는 효과적인 수술법이라도, 이차적 관절경 수술을 시행한 증례의 몇 예에서 후 외측 다발의 파열이 관찰되었다.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2001년도 학술대회
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• pp.106-108
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• 2001

1. Open rotator interval lesion, related with the capsular laxity, could be anther cause of the instability, the sizes and shapes were variable. 2. Rl imbrication and capsular shift could be thought adequate treatment for the inferior and AP instability with no other lesions

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2019

Objective: Ligament laxity and hypotonia are characteristics of Down syndrome patients. The aim of this study was to compare the landing pattern between Down syndrome patients and typically developing subjects. To compare the landing pattern, variables related to ligament laxity and hypotonia i.e. vertical stiffness and lower extremities kinematics were investigated. Method: Five subjects with Down syndrome (age: $14.6{\pm}1.8years$, mass: $47.6{\pm}6.94kg$, height: $147.9{\pm}6.0cm$) and six able-bodied subjects (age: $13.2{\pm}0.4years$, mass: $54.7{\pm}6.7kg$, height: $160.1{\pm}9.8cm$) participated in this study. Results: The vertical displacement of the center of mass, vertical reaction force, leg stiffness and range of ankle angle range among Down syndrome patients were significantly different than typically developing group. The youth with Down's syndrome appeared to receive greater vertical impact force at landing than normal youth. Conclusion: The differences in the biomechanical characteristics suggest the delay in motor development among Down syndrome patients and an increased risk of injury to the lower extremity during movement execution such as drop landing.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to see how career management affects employee retention in professional service businesses (PSOs). The role of knowledge and skills as moderating variables in the relationship between career management and intention to stay is also investigated. A review of the literature on career management, which includes promotion, training, mentorship, starting salary, and the laxity-stringency of organizational entry-exit rules, leads to the hypothesis that career management positively affects employees' intentions to stay. Such a positive impact may differ between knowledgeable and skilled employees and their less knowledgeable and skilled counterparts. Cross-sectional data is obtained from 200 professionals working for various PSOs. Stepwise regression is employed to analyze the data. The research found that career management positively affects the intention to stay. The impact of promotion, training and mentorship on the intention to stay is moderated by knowledge and skills. Conversely, knowledge and skills do not moderate the effect of starting salary and the laxity-stringency of organizational entry-exit on intention to stay. The study's findings imply that by implementing effective career management, talented professionals can be retained. However, the level of knowledge and skills should be carefully considered. These findings offer significant insights into human capital management, particularly in PSOs.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.681-686
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• 2010

Purpose: Obese proportion is increasing universally, estimating more than a billion. So reducing the weight became one of the topic in medical market. Not only diet, exercise, medication, but also many surgical procedures are being developed, such as sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass surgery. After massive weight loss, skin excess and laxity occurs, leading to unsatisfying body contour. Body contouring surgery including abdominoplasty, breast reduction is performed when skin excess is present in abdomen and breast. When skin excess is present circumferentially, belt dermolipectomy is the treatment of choice. Methods: A 23-year-old man had weight gain since he was 12 of age. A year before visiting to our department, his height was 168 cm, weight was 150 kg and body mass index (BMI) was 53.15 kg/$m^2$. The patient lost 55 kg of his weight through exercise and diet control. When he visited again, his weight was 95 kg and BMI was 33.66 kg/$m^2$. In physical examination, skin excess and laxity was seen in both breast and abdomen circumferentially and lateral folds were seen in the back. Abdominal contour deformity (Pitman classification type 6) and pseudogynecomastia (grade 3) were present in both breast. Belt dermolipectomy of abdomen, both breast and lateral folds was performed, resecting 6,400 g of tissue and additive 1,200 g through revisional operation. Results: The patient lost 6,500g of his weight and BMI reduced by 2.3 kg/$m^2$. The patient's hospital course was uneventful during 5 weeks of hospitalization and he was satisfied with his final body contour. Conclusion: Body contouring with belt dermolipectomy in patient who has circumferential skin excess and laxity after massive weight loss can be a treatment of choice.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2005년도 제13차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.82-82
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• 2005

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.427-435
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• 1992

We have experienced a case of infantile nephrotic syndrome confirmed by renal biopsy in a 13-month-old female patient who showed growth and develop mental retardation and persistent proteinuria. She revealed mild eyelid edema, joint laxity, delayed speech development and adrenal cortical calcification on the radiologic study. Renal biopsy showed microcystic tubular change, micro-glomeruli and marked mesangial proliferation.

• 대한관절경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한관절경학회 2006년도 제15차 추계학술대회 심포지움
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• pp.113-114
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• 2006