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High School Science Teachers' Understanding of the Contents Related to the Geologic Time in the Secondary School Science Textbooks and the Guidebooks for Teachers (고등학교 과학 교사들의 지질 시대 관련 개념들에 대한 이해: 중등 교과서와 지도서를 중심으로)

  • Kim, Kyung-Soo;Kim, Jeong-Yul
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.32-48
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    • 2006
  • The purposes of this study can divided into three parts: First, to investigate high school science teachers' understanding concerning geologic time; second, to analyze contents related to geologic time in the secondary school science textbooks and teachers' guidebooks; and third, to compare the response type of science teachers using the results of the contents. Forty high school science teachers in the Chungbuk province are chosen to answer to the questionnaire. Many teachers (50%) think that the age of Earth is simply measured by radioisotope. However, most of them do not know the measuring method in detail. The over 50% of the teachers think that the uniformitarianism, law of superposition, law of faunal succession law of unconformity, and law of intrusion are the great five laws of historical geology. Many part of the contents related to geologic time in the textbooks and guidebooks are incorrect and described distinctly from each other. Such content includes the age of Earth, age of the oldest rock in Earth, definition and range of geologic time, measuring method of the Earth's age, and law of historical geology. Many of the science teachers do not have a complete understanding of the contents related to geologic time. This study suggests that the reason lies heavily on the contents described in the textbooks and guidebooks. Therefore, it is necessary to review and revise the contents related to geologic time in the textbooks and guidebooks.

A Study on Some Attentiveness for Effective Application of CISG (CISG의 효과적인 활용을 위한 몇 가지 유의점)

  • Oh, Se-Chang
    • THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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    • v.26
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    • pp.3-34
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    • 2005
  • This thesis is in focus on keeping int'l businessman in mind application of CISG to perform smoothly in the their oversea's trade in accordance with taking effect on ratification of it from first, March, 2005. First of all, they have to keep in mind that it is possible to fall within the sphere of application of CISG of their contracts made between parties whose places of business are in different countries or although they have their places of business in different contracting states, if rules of private int'l law imply or express to the application of law of contracting state. Therefore in order to avoid confusion about whether apply or not, it is necessary to customize application of CISG as a proper law of their contracts. If so, they can avoid problem of requirements as to forms and any other requirement as to forms. Secondly they must attend the use of the legislative history of CISG and the use of the int'l case law and various scholarly thesises that studied on CISG such as information of Institute of Int'l Commercial Law under School of Law, PACE University. If so, problems which can give a rise in connection with interpretation of a basic and important terminology of CISG will be successfully conquest. In addition to above mentioned attentiveness, they must keeping in mind that various problems in connection with application of provisions of CISG can give their oversea's business a obstacle. buy the way of precaution against this case, they have to collect and analyze various materials about CISG.

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The legal regime of air charter in china

  • Cheng, Chia-jui
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.163-186
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    • 2007
  • Charter flight in international air law has, from very beginning, not precisely defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (lCAO) since 1947 when it came into being. By practice, the operation of charter traffic is, in its very beginning, the subject to the regulations of national rules and bilateral charter agreements (charter annex clause) within the framework of normal bilateral agreement of international air services. Taiwan had signed a series of bilateral air service agreement under the name of the Government of the Republic of China when Taiwan was recognized by the United Nations and major members of international community as the sole legal government representing China before 1971, but that situation was changed since then. Taiwan has only maintained diplomatic relations with 25 States, but maintained semi-official relations with major powers of the world. The former agreements were signed within the framework of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969 while the latter agreements were signed within the framework of administrative and civil law of two countries which were not in the form of bilateral treaty signed by two sovereign States in its proper sense of international law. The legal regime of charter flights between Taiwan and Mainland China is regulated by special arrangements negotiated by delegated airlines and airlines association or private law institutions.

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The Analysis of the Development Process of the Law of Cosines and the Study of the Extension through the Demonstration (코사인 법칙의 발달과정 분석과 논증을 통한 확장에 대한 연구)

  • Kwon, Young-In;Suh, Bo-Euk
    • Journal for History of Mathematics
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.147-166
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    • 2007
  • This study is about the law of cosines. It dealt with its historical origin and the developmental process of the age of Greece, Islam and Modern age. Especially, we tried to find out how the extension of the law of cosines for spherical triangles and tetrahedron from the law of cosines for plane was done. On the basis of this analysis, we investigated how the law of cosines was generated and proved it through the logical demonstration and mathematical induction. This made us find out the mathematical meaning of mathematical concepts.

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The Perceptions of Nurses and Nursing Students on Nursing Law Legislation in Korea (간호(사)법 제정정에 대한 인식 조사 연구)

  • Kang, Hee-Sun;Lee, Han-Ju
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.355-364
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the perceptions of nurses and nursing students on nursing law legislation in Korea. Method: This was a descriptive study. The data were collected by questionnaires from 1914 nurses and 408 nursing students and analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test. Results: Most of respondents (73.5%) had received the information on nursing law legislation mainly through the nursing news letter, nursing magazine(Taehan Kanhoo), and Korean Nurses Association internet homepage. However, they expressed they did not know sufficiently about the nursing law legislation and wanted know more about it. They strongly supported the nursing law legislation. There were significant differences in perceptions between the people who had a chance to know about the nursing law legislation and who did not. Conclusion: Education should be offered not only to the people who wanted to know more about on nursing law legislation and but also to the people who are not concerned or never had a chance to know about this. It is important to empower nurses and nursing students to be proactive on the issues of nursing law legislation.

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Buyer's Duty to Examine Goods and Notify Seller of Lack of Conformity: Belgian Law Perspective Compared with the CISG and the CESL (매수인의 물품검사 및 계약부적합성 통지의무; CISG 및 CESL과 비교된 벨기에법의 관점에서)

  • Byung-Mun Lee;Hautem Xavier
    • Korea Trade Review
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.83-100
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    • 2020
  • This study aimed to provide the most accurate analysis possible regarding the buyer's duty to examine goods and give notice, or the like, of non-conformity to the seller under Belgian law in comparison with the CISG and CESL. Even though Belgium is the capital of the Europe Union, most of its laws remain untranslated in English. Therefore, this study may offer key insights into the specificities of Belgian law, which while being derived from the French Napoleon Code has its own practices coded into its Case Law. It also makes a comparison with the new CESL and CISG in order to evaluate their respective influence on national law and other infructuous attempts to harmonize Belgian law for the internal European market. Evaluating the differences of each system in the spirit of comparative law may be a good basis for the development of laws in each jurisdiction.

The Significance of Contract Law for Efficient Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) Procedure

  • Eungoo KANG
    • East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.41-50
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    • 2023
  • Purpose - This study aims to examine the role of contract law in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and to examine whether or not contract law is necessary in M&A. The study also discusses how contract law can be utilized in M&A, as well as some of the problems that arise from the use of contracts in this area. Research design, data, and methodology - To minimize bias and errors, this study used only peer-reviewed articles and book excluding internet news articles, conference papers, and dissertations. For a well-organized screen and selection process, the author conducted the extraction procedure thoroughly to eliminate some duplicated resources. Result: This study indicates that complex deals carry a high risk but also have the potential to yield substantial revenue for stakeholders. Thus, contract law is essential to the success of M&A because it helps to define the (1) terms of the transaction, (2) reduces risk, (3) offers legal safeguards, and ensures that the (4) agreement is enforced. Conclusion - This study concludes that an understanding of contract law is essential to the profitable merging of two businesses. The application of contract law provides a mechanism for enforcing the agreement, which can increase the likelihood that the stipulations of the M&A will be satisfied.

Political - Legal Reflections on the Two Epochal "Antique" Documents on "Peaceful Use" in the History of Japanese Space Policy

  • Tomitaro, Yoneda
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.169-188
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    • 2008
  • Analyzing on an object in the sphere of domestic law with the method of international law has been already on the horizon in international law. For the lawyers of international law and space law, it is quite natural that they utilize the method of international law, whatever objects they may choice. The reason is that the characteristic of international law do not depend upon object in itself, but depend upon method in itself. The object of this paper is the idea of Peaceful Use(IPU or PU) in Japanese Space Policy. The method to be applied to this analysis is the international law's interpretation theory on legal principles, i.e., the method of international law. One of the aims of this paper is to explain critically the need of review on IPU in Japanese Space Policy; in particular with respect to the positive reconstruction of IPU through historical analyzing on the transfiguration and the mere shell of the Post-War Japanese Pacifism(PJP) as the starting point of IPU. The historical process of the transfiguration and the mere shell is as followed, i.e., "from the ultra-nationalism in the pre-war Japan to PJP in the post-war Japan, from PJP to IPU, and from IPU to IPU's regression. In particular with respect to the interpretation theory, the meaning of the teleological, aims and objects school's approach on the interpretation of legal principles(P) has been emphasized. The reason is that the promising development of IPU will be realized by cooperating with the interpretation theory on P in international law. At the end of the beginning, I'd like to quote K. Marx's thesis in order to make the positions and missions the lawyers of international law and space clear. It is as follows, i.e., "THE PHILOSOPHERS HAVE ONLY INTERPRETED THE WORLD IN VARIOUS WAYS - THE POINT, HOWEVER IS TO CHANGE IT.

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FORWARD ORDER LAW FOR THE GENERALIZED INVERSES OF MULTIPLE MATRIX PRODUCT

  • Xiong, Zhipin;Zheng, Bing
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.25 no.1_2
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    • pp.415-424
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    • 2007
  • The generalized inverses have many important applications in the aspects of theoretic research and numerical computations and therefore they were studied by many authors. In this paper we get some necessary and sufficient conditions of the forward order law for {1}-inverse of multiple matrices products $A\;=\;A_1A_2{\cdots}A_n$ by using the maximal rank of generalized Schur complement.